Effects of Magnetic Field and Ion Velocity on SPT Plasma Sheath Characteristics

The distribution of magnetic field in Hall thruster channel has significant effect on its discharge process and wall plasma sheath characteristics. By creating physical models for the wall sheath region and adopting two-dimensional particle in cell simulation method, this work aims to investigate the effects of magnitude and direction of magnetic field and ion velocity on the plasma sheath characteristics. The simulation results show that magnetic field magnitudes have small impact on the sheath potential and the secondary electron emission coefficient, magnetic azimuth between the magnetic field direction and the channel radial direction is proportional to the absolute value of the sheath potential, but inversely proportional to the secondary electron emission coefficient. With the increase of the ion incident velocity, secondary electron emission coefficient is enhanced, however, electron density number, sheath potential and radial electric field are decreased. When the boundary condition is determined, with an increase of the sinmlation area radial scale, the sheath potential oscillation is aggravated, and the stability of the sheath is reduced.     

Spectroscopic study of recombination continuum in arc-heated cold expanding plasma jet

Cold recombining H₂–He mixture plasma and pure He plasma with low electron density are generated by arc discharge followed by expansion into a lower-pressure vessel, and their recombination radiation is analyzed by optical emission spectroscopic measurement. Their electron temperature is determined from the continuum spectra, which is found to agree with those determined from the line intensities of LTE levels within 10% accuracy. Meanwhile, the agreement of electron density is found to be about 20–25%. It is experimentally found that the conventional theory of spectral intensity of the recombination continuum explains the observed continuum spectra very well even for very low electron temperature within the range from 0.07 to 0.2 eV.     

Ion Heating in an ECR Plasma with a Magnetic Mirror Field

Magnetoelectric heating was used to heat ions in an ECR plasma with a magnetic mirror field.The temperature and density of ions were measured by an ion sensitive probe(ISP) before and after magnetoelectric heating in order to investigate the influence of the anode ring’s radius,axial position and working pressure on magnetoelectric heating.Results showed that a suitable radius of the anode ring could improve the ion temperature effectively and the optimal size of the anode ring depended on the cyclotron radius of ions.The radial uniformity of the ion density was improved by increasing the radius of the anode ring after heating.The magnetic mirror field could reduce the loss of ions caused by collision with the wall of the chamber and it was beneficial to increase the ion temperature and the ion density.It was suitable to heat the ions when the anode ring was set at the center of the magnetic mirror field where there was a weaker magnetic field strength.Lower pressure contributed to the increase in the ion temperature and efficiency of magnetoelectric heating.     

Explosive-Emission Plasma Dynamics in Ion Diode in Double-Pulse Mode

The results of an experimental investigation of explosive-emission plasma dynamics in an ion diode with self-magnetic insulation are presented. The investigatio...     

Analysis of Magnetic Field of the DNB Ion Source

A distribution of the magnetic field produced by permanent magnets in the DNB ion source is calculated and analyzed in order to understand the plasma confinement in a cusped magnetic field and optimize plasma discharge. A uniform plasma is obtained in the experiment.     

Flow Shear Stabilization of Ion Temperature Gradient Modes in an Internal Transport Barrier

Ion temperature gradient(ITG) driven instability is studied with gyro-kinetic theory in an internal transport barrier(ITB) of tokamak plasmas.The stabilization effects of a parallel velocity shear on the modes are investigated.It is found that the mode structures and stability properties,as well as the effects of a velocity shear,in an ITB are significantly different from that in off-ITB regions.     

Measurement of Ion Parameters by Ion Sensitive Probe in ECR Plasma

Ion parameters in electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) microwave plasma were measured by ion sensitive probe and were compared with the electron parameters obtained by double Langmuir probe. The effects of gas pressure and microwave power on the ion temperature and density were analyzed. The spatial distribution of the ion parameters was also investigated by the ion sensitive probes with a tunable radial depth installed on different probe windows along the chamber axis. Results showed that the ion density measured by the ion sensitive probe was in good agreement with the electron density measured by the double Langmuir probe. The influence of gas pressure on the ion parameters was stronger than that of microwave power. With the increase in working pressure, the ion temperature decreased monotonously with a decreasing rate larger than that at higher pressure. The ion density first increased to a peak (42.3?1010cm-3) at 1 Pa and then decreased. The ion temperature and density increased little with the increase in the microwave power from 400 W to 800 W. The plasma far away from the resonant point is found to be radially uniform.     

The Effect of Ion Motion on Laser-Driven Plasma Wake in Capillary

The effect of ion motion in capillary-guided laser-driven plasma wake is investigated through rebuilding a two-dimensional analytical model.It is shown that laser pulse with the same power can excite more intense wakefield in the capillary of a smaller radius.When laser intensity exceeds a critical value,the effect of ion motion reducing the wakefield rises,which becomes significant with a decrease of capillary radius.This phenomenon can be attributed to plasma ions in smaller capillary obtaining more energy from the plasma wake.The dependence of the difference value between maximal scalar potential of wake for two cases of ion rest and ion motion on the radius of the capillary is discussed.     

Spectroscopic Flow and Ion Temperature Studies of a Large s FRC

The Swarthmore Spheromak Experiment (SSX) produces a large s FRC by merging counter-helicity spheromaks within a cylindrical flux conserver. Past results have shown that the toroidal fields in each spheromak do not annihilate even after the poloidal flux appears to have completely reconnected. This would suggest a radially directed current density at the midplane, and therefore a radially sheared azimuthal component of J × B. In contrast, fast high resolution spectroscopic measurements indicate that flow at the midplane is small (u < < v _A ) and there is little shear.     

Application of DEGAS for Ion Temperature Profile Reconstruction from a NPA Diagnostic on HL-2A

On HL-2A, the ion temperature profile can be roughly estimated by analyzing the energy spectrum of the neutral particles that escape from core plasma through 11 different spatial channels. However, this profile deviates from the real radial distribution because of the averaging and attenuation effects. The DEGAS code is used to estimate these effects and reconstruct a more reasonable ion temperature profile by simulating these neutral spectra and making them conform to the measurements. In this paper, critical parameters that affect the escaped neutral spectra are enumerated, and an example of a reconstruction of the ion temperature profile is presented based on experimental data.     

Plasma properties of laser-ablated St target in air

Ｐｌａｓｍａｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｉｅｓｏｆｌａｓｅｒ－ａｂｌａｔｅｄＳｔｔａｒｇｅｔｉｎａｉｒＷａｎｇＸｉａｎｇ－Ｔａｉ（王象泰）；ＭａｎＢａｏ－Ｙｕａｎ（满宝元）；ＷａｎｇＧｏｎｇ－Ｔａｎｇ（王公堂）；ＦａｎＸｉ－Ｊｕｎ（樊锡君）；ＷａｎｇＪｕｎ（王军）...     

Dynamics of Dust in a Plasma Sheath with Magnetic Field

Dynamics of dust in a plasma sheath with a magnetic field was investigated using a single particle model. The result shows that the radius, initial position, initial velocity of the dust particles and the magnetic field do effect their movement and equilibrium position in the plasma sheath. Generally, the dust particles with the same size, whatever original velocity and position they have, will locate at the same position in the end under the net actions of electrostatic, gravitational, neutral collisional, and Lorentz forces. But the dust particles will not locate in the plasma sheath if their radius is beyond a certain value.     

Time-Dependent 2D Modeling of Magnetron Plasma Torch in Turbulent Flow

A theoretical model is presented to describe the electromagnetic, heat transfer and fluid flow phenomena within a magnetron plasma torch and in the resultant plume, by using a commercial computational fluid dynamics （CFD） code FLUENT. Specific calculations are pre- sented for a pure argon system （i.e., an argon plasma discharging into an argon environment）, operated in a turbulent mode. An important finding of this work is that the external axial magnetic field （AMF） may have a significant effect on the behavior of arc plasma and thus affects the resulting plume. The AMF impels the plasma to retract axially and expand radially. As a result, the plasma intensity distribution on the cross section of torch seems to be more uniform. Numerical results also show that with AMF, the highest plasma temperature decreases and the anode arc root moves upstream significantly, while the current density distribution at the anode is more concentrated with a higher peak value. In addition, the use of AMF then induces a strong backflow at the torch spout and its magnitude increases with the AMF strength but decreases with the inlet gas velocity.     

Investigation of Ion Temperature Characteristics in the HT-7 Tokamak

Characteristics of ion temperature measured with charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy （CXRS） were studied in Ohmic, lower-hybrid-wave （LHW） driven and ion...     

Improvement of the Harmonic Technique of Probe for Measurements of Electron Temperature and Ion Density

Conventional Langmuir probe techniques usually face the difficulty of being used in processing plasmas where dielectric compounds form,due to rapid failure by surface insulation.A solution to the problem,the so-called harmonic probe technique,had been proposed and shown effectiveness.In this study,the technique was investigated in detail by changing bias signal amplitudes Vo,and evaluated its accuracy by comparing with the conventional Langmuir probe.It was found that the measured electron temperature Te increased with Vo,but showing a relatively stable region when Vo ＞ Te/e in which it was close to the true Te value.This is contrary to the general consideration that Vo should be smaller than Te/e for accurate measurement of Te.The phenomenon is interpreted by the non-negligible change of the ion current with Vo at low Vo values.On the other hand,the measured ni also increased with Vo due to the sheath expansion,and to improve the accuracy of ni it needs to linearly extrapolate the ni-Yo trend to Vo=0.The results were applied to a diagnosis of the plasmas for chemical vapor deposition of diamond-like carbon thin films and the relationship between plasma parameters and films deposition rates was obtained.     

Experimental Study of the Movement of Particles in the Coupled Field of Low Temperature Plasma and Cyclone

An investigation was made of the movement of particles in the coupled field of a low temperature plasma and cyclone with PIV in order to study the moving trace of particles‘ movement in an electrostatic cyclonic collector. The experimental results show that the plasma field had little effect on the tangential velocity of particles, but had an obvious influence on the radial velocity. The tangential velocity of airflow had a great impact on particles‘ tangential movement. With the particles going down the cyclone tube, their tangential velocity dropped.Their radial velocity dropped as the radius enlarged from the center to the collecting wall of the tube. The plasma field could improve the radial velocity of particles by 5%-10%, but the motionalong the radius was determined by the cyclone.     

Temperature and Nitric Oxide Generation in a Pulsed Arc Discharge Plasma

Nitric oxide （NO） is increasingly being used in medical treatments of high blood pressure, acute respiratory distress syndrome and other illnesses related to the lungs. Currently a NO inhalation system consists of a gas cylinder of N2 mixed with a high concentration of NO. This arrangement is potentially risky due to the possibility of an accidental leak of NO from the cylinder. The presence of NO in the air leads to the formation of nitric dioxide （NO2）, which is toxic to the lungs. Therefore, an on-site generator of NO would be highly desirable for medical doctors to use with patients with lung disease.
To develop the NO inhalation system without a gas cylinder, which would include a high concentration of NO, NAMIHIRA et al have recently reported on the production of NO from room air using a pulsed arc discharge. In the present work, the temperature of the pulsed arc discharge plasma used to generate NO was measured to optimize the discharge condition. The results of the temperature measurements showed the temperature of the pulsed arc discharge plasma reached about 10,000 K immediately after discharge initiation and gradually decreased over tens of microseconds. In addition, it was found that NO was formed in a discharge plasma having temperatures higher than 9,000 K and a smaller input energy into the discharge plasma generates NO more efficiently than a larger one.     

Efficiency of Removing Sulfur Dioxide in the Air by Non-Thermal Plasma Along with the Application of the Magnetic Field

1 IntroductionSO2 is one of the main hazards to human health, andit is the main component of the acidic oxides in the at-mosphere. The menace of the acidic pollution by SO2can be curtailed if it is removed from the air. In recenttime, researchers across the world have been concernedabout efficient removal of SO2.Several techniques have been applied to decompos-ing SO2 in the air in recent years. At present, themain technologies for removing sulfur dioxide include:the gas-phase reaction [1]…     

On-Line Measurement of Ion Density in Atmospheric Nitrogen Discharge Filaments via Radiation Signals from Plasma Oscillation

Diagnosis of the particle number density of plasma plays an important role in the understanding of plasma sources and processing.Regular radiation signals from plasma oscillation in filaments of atmospheric nitrogen discharge,which were excited by the injection of secondary electron beams during the propagation of the streamer,are employed to determine the ion density of plasma and its evolution in the filaments.Results show that the density of N_4~+ in a filament of atmospheric nitrogen discharge is of the order of 10~(13) cm~(-3).It is also found that the recombination processes play a dominant role in plasma decay,and that the ion density decreases non-monotonically with time during streamer propagation.     

HL-2A芯部等离子体ITG模和TE模增长率研究

本文基于双流体模型,通过理论分析获得了芯部离子温度梯度(ITG)模和俘获电子(TE)模的色散关系。在Weiland模型的基础上,考虑了离子平行方向速度和TE的影响,计算了碰撞对ITG模和TE模增长率的影响。对HL-2A等离子体的计算结果表明,芯部等离子体的ITG模和TE模增长率与扰动波数密切相关,磁剪切对ITG模有明显的抑制作用。