摇摆对窄矩形通道内两相流摩擦压降特性影响

本文以窄矩形通道内两相流为研究对象,分析了不同摇摆工况对两相流动摩擦阻力特性的影响。通过对试验数据分析,结果表明,改变摇摆周期对窄矩形通道内两相流的瞬态摩擦压降波动幅值的影响很小,只是改变了其瞬态摩擦压降变化频率,对其平均摩擦压降无影响。同时,采用L-M法对比分析摇摆与静止条件下的φ²_l(φ²_g) -X变化曲线发现,摇摆状态下窄矩形通道内的两相摩擦压降可采用静止条件下φ²_l(φ²_g) -X变化曲线进行计算。     

内螺纹管中汽-液两相流体摩擦压降特性研究

在压力为9～22MPa,质量流速为600～1200kg/(m2·s),含汽率为0～1的工况范围内,对Φ38.1mm×7.5mm的6头内螺纹管中汽-液两相流体的摩擦压降特性进行了试验研究。试验段采用水平绝热布置。试验结果表明:压力对两相流摩擦压降的影响很大,随压力增加,两相流摩擦压降倍率减小,在临界压力附近,两相流摩擦压降倍率趋近于1;随含汽率增加,两相流摩擦压降倍率先增加,然后有减小的趋势;随质量流速增加,两相流摩擦压降倍率减小。用于计算单相水摩擦压降系数以及用于计算汽-液两相流体摩擦压降的试验关联式被提供。     

周期性力场作用下窄通道内两相流压降特性

通过实验研究了摇摆造成的周期性附加惯性力作用下矩形窄通道内空气 水两相流压降特性。按分液相雷诺数将流动分为层流区（Re_f <800）、过渡区（800≤Re_f≤1 400）及湍流区（Re_f >1 400）3个区域,并对各区域内附加压降、重位压降和摩擦压降平均值及瞬态值进行了比较。结果表明,附加惯性力对窄通道内两相流整数倍周期内平均摩擦阻力无明显影响。周期性附加惯性力作用下(摇摆周期16 s,摇摆振幅30°),层流区及过渡区气相表观速度、液相表观速度、质量含气率及摩擦压降随时间周期性波动,波动周期等于摇摆运动周期;瞬时摩擦压降相对于其平均值的波动幅值随气液两相流速的增加而减小。湍流区两相流动参数周期性波动不明显。     

Electrical Conductivity of Liquid Metal Two-Phase Mixture in Bubbly and Slug Flow Regime

A correlation function for reactor noise is determined through a conditional polarity-correlation technique in which the polarity of neutron-counting fluctuations is analyzed with the start condition that the counting rate reaches a preset level. This technique, evidently, is an example of flash-start technique, developed for the purpose of improving the efficacy of reactor noise analysis. In the present case, the conditional polarity-correlation function is described mathematically assuming that the counting fluctuations of the detector conform with a Gaussian distribution. The expression thus derived reveals that this function is approximately proportional to a cross-correlation function and is a differential type of polarity-correlation function.

In order to examine the validity of the obtained expression, an experiment was performed in a graphite-moderated reactor at slightly subcriticai state to measure the conditional polarity-correlation function. A novel contrivance was adopted in the experiment to eliminate the dead-time effect created during the busy time of the multi-channel time analyzer. The dependence on the preset level—i.e. flash-start condition—exhibited by the conditional polarity—correlation function showed good agreement with that expected from the mathematical expression. The prompt mode neutron decay constants were determined from the experimental data within statistical error of 3～4 %.     

螺旋管核态沸腾两相流摩擦压降与传热数值分析

通过合理简化一体化模块式先进反应堆(SMART)螺旋管式蒸汽发生器,建立螺旋管单元管模型,采用两流体模型和非平衡过冷沸腾模型,在均匀热流密度下对螺旋管内流体进行不同参数下流动与传热数值模拟。结果表明：摩擦压降数值计算结果与陈学俊经验公式最为接近;曲率从0.04降至0.012时,摩擦压降明显下降,曲率继续下降,摩擦压降不变;加速压降几乎不受曲率影响;螺旋升角为3°～8.6°时,计算摩擦压降可不考虑螺旋升角的影响;雷诺数越大,总压降和摩擦压降均变大,摩擦压降梯度也明显增大。     

Friction Pressure Drop and Heat Transfer Coefficient of Two-Phase Flow in Helically Coiled Tube Once-Through Steam Generator for Integrated Type Marine Water Reactor

Two-phase friction pressure drop and heat transfer coefficients in a once-through steam generator with helically coiled tubes were investigated with the model test rig of an integrated type marine water reactor. As the dimensions of the heat transfer tubes and the thermal-fluid conditions are almost the same as those of real reactors, the data applicable directly to the real reactor design were obtained. As to the friction pressure drop, modified Kozeki's prediction which is based on the experimental data by Kozeki for coiled tubes, agreed the best with the experimental data. Modified Martinelli-Nelson's prediction which is based on Martinelli-Nelson's multiplier using Ito's equation for single-phase flow in coiled tube, agreed within 30%. The effect of coiled tube on the average heat transfer coefficients at boiling region were small, and the predictions for straight tube could also be applied to coiled tube. Schrock-Grossman's correlation agreed well with the experimental data at the pressures of lower than 3.5 MPa. It was suggested that dryout should be occurred at the quality of greater than 90% within the conditions of this report.