（1-x）Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3-xBaTiO3压电陶瓷的制备及其性能研究

通过固相合成法制备（1-x）Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3-xBaTiO3（x=0.02，0.06）（BNT-BT）无铅压电陶瓷．通过SEM、XRD等手段对粉体合成过程进行了分析与表征，并利用HP4294网络分析仪、d33准静态测试仪等对固相合成法制备的BNT-BT进行了相关性能研究．粉体的预烧温度为950℃，BNT-BT陶瓷的烧结温度为1150℃。结果表明当x=0．02时，密度为6．01g/cm^3，达到理论密度的99％．d33=122×10^-12C/N．     

新型激光防护材料的研究

随着激光技术广泛应用，激光所造成的意外伤害也不断的增加，传统的激光防护器材由于只能防护特定波长的激光以及具有可见光透过率低等特点，已经满足了不了现代激光的防护要求。研制了具有多波长防护和可见光透过度高的新型激光防护功能材料。测试结果表明，玻璃在0.53μm处T0.53μm为0．015，在1.06μm处，T1.06μm为0．055，白光透过率大于60％。     

激光防护镜材料的研究与发展

激光防护镜材料的发展背景1960年激光问世以来,激光在军事、科研、工农业和医学等领域的应用得到迅速地发展。数以万计的激光器或激光装置投入使用,由于激光是一种很强的光辐射,如果使用不当,可能对人产生危害。激光对人体的危害首先是眼睛。激光束射到眼睛时在视网膜上聚焦成小光斑。这种作用便产生了能量或功率的高度集中,这非常类似于放大镜对太阳光的聚焦作用。视网膜的曝光面积非常小,厚度极小的组织将吸收大部分能量,于     

激光防护材料的发展及研究现状

由于激光对人眼和光学系统有伤害,激光防护技术也因此产生.首先综述了各种激光防护技术,论述了各自的基本原理、国内外发展状况及特点,并重点讨论了激光防护玻璃的研究现状.     

三元层状正极材料的制备与电化学性能研究

采用机械活化-高温固相法制备了锂离子电池正极材料LiCo1/3Mn1/3Ni1/3O2,研究了烧结时间与球磨时间对合成产物结构与性能的影响。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和电化学性能测试对所得样品的结构、形貌及电化学性能进行了表征。研究结果表明,优化实验条件下制得的材料具有良好的循环性能,在2.7～4.6V电压范围内,充放电电流值为20mA/g时,初始放电比容量为210.76mAh/g,30次循环后容量保持率为91.98%。     

全息激光防护薄膜的研制

介绍了全息激光防护薄膜基本理论和设计方法。研制成功的全息激光防护薄膜，其光学性能测试表明：０．５３μｍ波长激光的光密度Ｄ达４．１１，防护角达１５°，具有良好的可见光透过率，且抗激光破坏能力强，可用于人眼和光电探测系统的激光防护。     

激光辐照下的材料破坏和防护研究进展

简介了材料在激光辐照下的破坏和防护的研究进展，对激光作用下材料的破坏机理、破坏形式、影响因素和抗激光防护研究情况等进行了探讨。     

高质量自调Q激光晶体Cr4+,Nd3+:Gd3Ga5O12的生长

用固相合成、共沉淀等方法合成了Cr4+,Nd3+GGG晶体的单相多晶材料.讨论了共沉淀法和固相合成法合成GGG单相的技术参数.用合成的单相多晶原料生长了高质量的Cr4+,Nd3+GGG单晶.通过测晶体的光谱性质发现Cr4+,Nd3+GGG晶体在400nm和520nm附近存在Cr3+离子的强的吸收峰.在808nm附近存在Nd3+离子宽的吸收带,能与InGa二极管激光有效的耦合;在1100附近有Cr4+的较强的吸收带,可实现对Nd3+的自调Q输出.Cr4+,Nd3+GGG晶体的荧光光谱与NdGGG晶体的一样,发光中心也位于1062nm,但其强度约为NdGGG的1/5～1/6.Cr4+,Nd3+GGG晶体是一种非常有潜力的自调Q激光晶体,可以实现大功率激光器的小型化和全固化.     

卫星激光防护技术研究

从３个方面探讨了卫星的激光防护技术。介绍了材料与光电传感器的抗激光攻击能力的试验评价方法；给出了卫星光电传感器的抗激光致盲薄膜的设计原理；阐述了结构材料的激光损伤机理并说明了结构材料的激光防护技术。     

LiFePO4/C复合正极材料的固相法合成

以LiOH·H2O、FeC2O4·2H2O、NH4H2PO4和C6H12 O6·H2O为原料,采用一步固相法在氮气氛下合成了LiFePO4/C复合正极材料.采用XRD、SEM和电池性能测试仪对合成产物进行了表征.研究了煅烧温度、煅烧时间、葡萄糖用量和锂过量对合成产物结构和电化学性能的影响.实验结果表明,采用一步固相法合成LiFePO4/C的最佳务件为:将经过高能球磨的前驱体在氮气氛下于650℃煅烧18h,葡萄糖用量为其它原料总质量的10％,锂过量10％(摩尔分数).在此条件下合成的LiFeP(4/C具有单一的橄榄石型结构和良好的电化学性能,0.1C的首次放电容量达到154.87mAh/g,30次循环后放电容量仍保持138.97mAh/g.     

BiFeO3磁性光催化剂的制备及性能研究

以硝酸铁、硝酸铋为原料,采用柠檬酸-硝酸盐燃烧法制备了可见光响应的BiFeO3磁性光催化材料,利用XRD、SEM、PPMS等分析技术对催化剂进行了表征,通过对染料的降解实验检测其光催化活性.结果表明,用柠檬酸-硝酸盐燃烧法制备的BiFeO3在常温下的最大磁化强度约为0.4～0.6Am2/kg,500℃条件下制备的光催化剂在300W高压汞灯紫外光照射下,对曙红B和甲基橙的脱色率分别达到91.8%和83.2%,催化活性良好,而且在可见光下具有一定的光催化活性,10h对曙红B的脱色率达到70.1%.     

Preparation and optical properties of a poly(N-vinylcarbazole) material

We report on the photorefractive properties of a stable polymeric material based on the host polymer, poly(N-vinylcarbazole). Two-beam coupling and four-wave mixing experiments were used to measure the performance of devices constructed by sandwiching the material, composed of host, plasticizer, photo-sensitizer, and non-linear optical chromophore, between transparent electrodes. A steady-state diffraction efficiency of 60% and a two-beam coupling gain of 22 cm^–1 in excess of the absorption of 4 cm^–1 were observed at the laser's operating wavelength of 670 nm. The devices are easily prepared and have lifetimes in excess of one year with no indication of degradation when stored at ambient temperatures.     

微波冶金用堇青石莫来石耐火材料制备及性能

为探索适合于微波冶金高温反应过程使用的耐高温、抗热震、低微波吸收率耐火材料,采用常压烧结法在不同温度合成了不同配比的堇青石-莫来石质耐火材料.采用XRD分析、三点弯曲法及Angilent阻抗分析等测试了烧结温度及配比对耐火材料物相组成、抗弯强度、抗热震性能及介电性能的影响规律.结果表明,随烧结温度由1400℃提高至14...     

Co3O4电化学电容电极材料的制备及性能研究

利用水热法,以硝酸钴为原料,分别以碳酸氢铵、六次甲基四胺为沉淀剂,制备了Co3O4。借助X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜手段对样品进行表征。以六次甲基四胺为沉淀剂制得的Co3O4,在6 mol.L-1KOH水溶液中,电位窗口为0～0.4V内,通过循环伏安和恒流充放电测试,显示该材料制备的电极具有良好的电容行为。充放电流在为5 mA时,单电极的比容量达到239 F.g-1,是以碳酸氢铵为沉淀剂制得的Co3O4电极的1.57倍,说明以六次甲基四胺为沉淀剂制备的Co3O4具有较好的电化学电容性能。     

SmFeO_3的制备及其多波段兼容隐身性能研究

采用固相法制得了SmFeO3粉体.借助XRD、SEM对SmFeO3粉体的物相组成和形貌进行了表征.此外,测试了SmFeO3的微波电磁特性及其吸波性能、红外辐射率以及1.06 μm波长处的反射率性能.结果表明,当煅烧温度为1250℃时,可以制得单一相的SmFeO3粉体;该粉体宏观呈现橙红色,微观颗粒尺寸大小为2～4μm的不规则块状.当单层SmFeO3材料的厚度为2.0mm时,反射损耗在15.8GHz左右出现约为-10dB的峰值,同时在14.3～16.8 GHz频率范围内反射损耗均达到-5dB.SmFeO3粉体在1.06μm波长处的反射率为0.31%,激光吸收性能强;红外辐射率为0.58,属于中低红外辐射率.     

Biopolymer-based material used in optical image correlation

We investigate the possible application of a modified deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-dye system for dynamic processing of optical information, e.g., optical correlation. The system consists of a biopolymeric matrix made of DNA substituted with the cationic surfactant molecule cetyltrimethyl-ammonium chloride (CTMA) and doped with a photochromic Disperse Red 1 dye. Fast dynamics (millisecond range of rise and fall times) of output correlation signal formation was measured in a joint Fourier transform optical correlator experimental setup. Full reversibility of the correlation signal and reproducibility were observed even after long-time exposures.     

Preparation and properties of a new porous ceramic material used in clean energy field

At high temperature, the oxide redox reactions of ceria can split H₂O and CO₂ to produce H₂ and CO, so porous ceria with high temperature resistance and high specific surface area has an important foreground in clean energy applications. In this work, a reticulated porous ceria ceramic material with interconnected porous structure was prepared by the impregnation technique using organic polyurethane sponges as template. The influences of pretreated sponge, dipping time length, pore size and sintering temperature on the porosity and strength of the porous ceria ceramics were systematically studied. With the increasing sintering temperature, the glass phase occurred and led to an increase in strength, but an decrease in porosity. Eventually, we analyzed the relationships between porosity and strength of these porous materials, aiming to provide theoretical and practical references for its application in clean-energy field.     

Characterization and acidic properties of Al-SBA-3 mesoporous material

SBA-3 mesostructured silica containing framework aluminum is reported here. This material was successfully synthesized using sodium aluminate via post synthesis method. The structural properties of this novel material were studied by X-ray diffraction and FTIR. The Al insertion was determined by ²⁷Al-NMR and the acidity was monitored by infrared spectroscopy of Pyridine adsorption/desorption. The ²⁷Al NMR results indicate that Al has been effectively incorporated into the framework of SBA-3 material by post-synthesis method. The bridging hydroxyl (Si₃O-Al-OH) acid sites are observed after the adsorption of basic probe molecules, such as pyridine; this fact strongly supports the presence of Bronsted acid sites. The alumination of Si-SBA-3 produces stronger Brønsted acidity than the conventional mesoporous aluminosilicates.     

Physicochemical properties of rare earth perovskite oxides used as gas sensor material

The change of the conductivity in the rare earth perovskite oxide took place after the chemisorption of flammable gases. The sensitivity for methanol was highest. From the conductivity change of these perovskite oxides after the injection of methanol, the energy needed to promote an electron from a conducting to a nonconducting state, E=E _c-E _t, could be derived from the equation=A ₀ exp (–E/kT). LnCoO₃ had the smallest E and H (metal-O), which is the binding energy of oxygen coordinating to the metal ions, but exhibited the highest activity for gas sensing. The gas sensing mechanism was also considered.     

Ag包覆MnO锂离子电池负极材料的合成及性能

通过热分解MnCO3和AgNO3的方法制备了具有Ag包覆结构的MnO微米球。分别采用XRD、SEM和恒流充放电技术考察了其晶体结构、颗粒形貌和电化学性能。分析结果表明,该MnO/Ag复合材料结晶度良好,呈球状,直径约1.2μm,Ag包覆在MnO球体表面。当充放电电流密度为34.8mA/g时,MnO/Ag复合材料的首次库伦效率高达70.0%,初始可逆比容量为805.3mA.h/g,经30周循环后,其放电比容量仍保持在407.8mA.h/g。当电流密度增加到190.5mA/g时,其放电比容量仍有320mA.h/g。