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1.
A new bifunctional reactive disperse dye containing a temporarily anionic sulphatoethylsulphone and a nonionic disulphide bis(ethylsulphone) groups was synthesised and applied to nylon 6 fabric by the exhaust dyeing at a variety of pH and temperature conditions. A monofunctional reactive disperse dye containing only nonionic disulphide bis(ethylsulphone) group was also synthesised and its dyeing behaviour was compared with the bifunctional dye. The bifunctional reactive disperse dye exhibited high exhaustion and fixation values at pH 6 and 120 °C. The results also indicate that the combination of temporarily anionic and nonionic reactive groups of the bifunctional dye provided great enhancement in dyeing performance compared to that of the monofunctional dye. The dyes also showed very good levelling and fastness properties on nylon 6 fabric.  相似文献   

2.
A new polyfunctional reactive dye containing disulphidebis(ethylsulphone-monochlorotriazine/sulphatoethylsulphone) reactive system has been synthesised and applied to silk. High exhaustion/fixation results have been achieved at 90 °C and pH 9. The vinylsulphone precursor of the disulphidebis(ethylsulphone) group combined with a sulphatoethylsulphone/monochlorotriazine reactive system confers a relatively high fixation efficiency for this type of polyfunctional reactive dye when compared with that of a conventional bifunctional reactive dye containing the sulphatoethylsulphone/monochlorotriazine reactive system. The results also indicate that high fastness properties were obtained for the reactive dyes under investigation.  相似文献   

3.
The behaviour of a heterobifunctional reactive dye based on a disulphidebis(ethylsulphone/monochlorotriazine) reactive system has been investigated. Relatively high degrees of exhaustion and fixation were achieved for cotton fabrics dyed with the disulphidebis(ethylsulphone/monochlorotriazine) reactive dye compared to bifunctional sulphatoethylsulphone/monochlorotriazine and/or conventional monofunctional monochlorotriazine reactive dyes. The results also indicate that the fastness properties are approximately the same for all the dyes studied in this investigation.  相似文献   

4.
A bifunctional reactive disperse dye containing two temporarily anionic sulphatoethylsulphone groups was synthesised and applied to nylon 6 fabric by exhaust dyeing at a variety of pH levels and temperatures. A monofunctional reactive disperse dye containing one temporarily anionic sulphatoethylsulphone group was also synthesised, and its dyeing behaviour was compared with the bifunctional dye. The bifunctional reactive disperse dye exhibited high exhaustion and total fixation yield under alkaline conditions. The results also indicate that the introduction of two temporarily anionic sulphatoethylsulphone groups of the bifunctional dye gave an enhancement in dyeing performance compared with that of the monofunctional dye. The dyes also showed very good levelling and fastness properties on nylon 6 fabric.  相似文献   

5.
Two models of temporarily anionic sulphatoethylsulphone reactive disperse dyes were applied to wool, polyester and wool/polyester blend fabrics at different dyeing pH. Maximum exhaustion values and colour yield were observed at pH 7. The results showed that reactive disperse dyes containing bis‐sulphatoethylsulphone reactive groups were more convenient for neutral dyeing of wool and wool/polyester blend fabrics if compared with a dye containing a mono‐sulphatoethylsulphone group. Excellent to very good wet fastness properties on all dyed fabrics were achieved.  相似文献   

6.
Acid dyes are employed for commercially dyeing silk, which results in ionic bonds between the silk fibroin and the dye. This generally leads to low wet fastness properties for dyed silk fabrics. In this work, three commercial acid dyes with aromatic primary amine structures were selected to dye silk using a Mannich‐type reaction, resulting in improved wet fastness of dyed silk by forming covalent bonds between silk fibroin and dye. The Mannich‐type reactive dyeing was applied to silk fabrics at both 30 and 90°C in trials. Dyeing at 90°C can shorten the dyeing time compared with dyeing at 30°C, even although dye exhaustion and relative fixation at 90°C were a little lower. The dyeing process was optimised when the dyeing temperature was 90°C, dyebath pH 4, dye‐to‐formaldehyde ratio 1:30 and holding dyeing time 60 minutes. The results showed that the dye exhaustion on silk fabrics for the three aromatic primary amine‐containing acid dyes exceeded 94% and their relative fixation was over 80%. Their washing and rubbing fastness reached grade 4 or higher. Hence, the colour fastness properties of dyed silk fabrics using the Mannich‐type reactive dyeing method is superior to the conventional acid dyeing method using the same aromatic primary amine‐containing acid dyes. The Mannich‐type reactive dyeing for silk fabrics at 90°C can be developed into a novel and rapid reactive dyeing method, promising an effective dyeing process with excellent colour fastness.  相似文献   

7.
A new bifunctional disazo reactive dye of a temporarily high molecular structure based on a disulphide bis(ethylsulphone-sulphatoethylsulphone) reactive system was synthesised and applied to cotton fabric. This dye displayed good primary exhaustion under different neutral exhaustion conditions. The results assessed for the alkaline exhaust dyeing indicate that the disulphide bis(ethylsulphone-sulphatoethylsulphone) dye showed higher exhaustion and fixation values compared to those obtained with the commercial CI Reactive Black 5. The fastness properties of the disulphide dye were similar to those of the commercial dye. Received: 24 March 2005; Accepted: 15 June 2005.  相似文献   

8.
侯毓汾 《化工学报》1979,30(1):31-40
本文综合了应用于锦纶染色的弱酸性染料酸性浴上色的高竭染率,活性染料与纤维的共价键结合,分散染料在纤维上迁移、匀染、盖染性好等优点,提出一类含β-羟乙基砜硫酸酯基的活性分散染料。用分子较小的分散染料结构,以含β-羟乙基砜硫酸酯为活性基;在弱酸性浴中染色,再在弱碱性浴中与聚酰胺纤维反应成共价键结合。 合成了一系列偶氮型和蒽醌型染料。进行了合成工艺、对锦纶的染色性能以及染色锦纶的牢度等试验。并讨论了染料与聚酰胺纤维的结合 这类染料可用于锦纶66和锦纶6丝纺、弹力锦纶丝和针织品,还可用于桑丝、柞丝及其与人造丝的提花织物。这类染料在锦纶上色泽鲜艳,竭染率较高,益染性优良,耐晒、耐湿处理等牢度较好,适于各种锦纶织物的染色。这类活性分散染料,具有酸性染料、活性染料和分散染料染锦纶的主要特点。  相似文献   

9.
《Dyes and Pigments》2006,68(2-3):119-127
Four mono-functional reactive monochlorotriazinyl (MCT) dyes, each derived from the same chromophore and possessing a single monochlorotriazinyl reactive group, but differing only in degree of sulphonation, were synthesised and evaluated on nylon. The colour yield, degree of exhaustion, fixation, and the fastness properties of each dye were assessed. Initial exhaustion, at pH 4, was high for all dyes but percentage fixation, via covalent bond formation, increased with increasing levels of sulphonation. In all cases fixation efficiency reduced markedly with increasing concentrations of dye applied.  相似文献   

10.
The use of ultrasonic power (38.5 KHz, 350 W) to assist the dyeability of nylon‐6 fibre with reactive dyes is reported. The effects of the different factors that may affect the dyeability of nylon‐6 fibre with Reactive Red 55 were simultaneously carried out under both ultrasonic power and conventional heating conditions. The colour strength values obtained for the dyed samples using ultrasonic power were higher than those obtained using conventional heating. Also, the effect of alkaline soaping treatment on dye fixation for the dyed fabrics with different reactive dyes, at both acidic and neutral pHs, is generally better with ultrasonic than with conventional heating. The overall results indicate that the enhancing effect is mainly attributed to the de‐aggregation of dye molecules, which leads to better dye diffusion and possible assistance for dye‐fibre covalent‐bond fixation. The results of wet fastness properties of the dyed fabrics reveal improvement using ultrasonic power dyeing relative to the conventional heating method. © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

11.
A member of the new series of cationic reactive dyes containing a thioether‐ethylsulphone grouping referred to in Part 1 of this series has been applied to nylon at pH 3–10. The dye is water soluble and shows excellent substantivity for nylon 6.6 when dyed at the boil at pH 8–10. Under alkaline conditions, gradual β‐elimination back to the vinylsulphone dye occurs and covalent bond formation quickly takes place with the fibre; the higher the pH the more rapidly this occurs. Dyeings carried out at pH 10 showed very good brightness and levelling, together with good wash fastness. The light fastness of dyeings at moderate depth was 4–5 on the Blue Wool scale.  相似文献   

12.
Acidic or basic dyeing of fibers involves ionic interactions between reactive groups on the polymers and dye molecules. Such interactions can be utilized in the functional finishing of fabrics. This article discusses a new approach of employing the ionic interactions between anionic carboxylic end groups of polyamides and cationic quaternary ammonium salts in the chemical finishing of nylon fabrics to achieve desired durable antimicrobial functions. The finishing conditions such as pH, finishing temperature, and time were studied, and the pH of the finishing bath was very critical in affecting the ionic interactions and thus exhaustion of the salts on the fabrics. The finishing process should be carried out at a temperature above the glass transition temperature of nylon 66. The finished products demonstrated excellent durability of antimicrobial functions. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 2194–2199, 2003  相似文献   

13.
Polyamide (nylon 6) fabrics were irradiated with a 193 nm argon fluoride excimer laser and the effects on the dyeing properties of the fabrics were studied. Chemical analysis indicated that carbonisation occurred in the laser-irradiated samples. The laser treatment breaks the long chain molecules of nylon, increasing the number of amine end-groups which change the dyeing properties of acid and disperse dyes. The results suggest that laser treatment could be used to improve the dyeing properties of nylon fabric with a disperse dye.  相似文献   

14.
Several new disperse dyes derived from thiosemicarbazides and acetoacetanilide have been synthesised. The dye structures were ascertained by chemical analysis and infrared measurements. Prepared dyes were used for dyeing nylon fabric by the exhaustion method. The colour strengths and dye fixation on the fabric were also determined. The results suggest a practical significance.  相似文献   

15.
《Dyes and Pigments》2008,76(3):747-752
The behavior of a polyfunctional reactive dye containing bis(monochlorotriazine/sulphatoethylsulphone) reactive system on silk has been investigated. The twinned monochlorotriazine/sulphatoethylsulphone reactive system confers a relatively high fixation efficiency of this type of polyfunctional reactive dye even at low salt and/or temperature conditions when compared with that of the conventional bifunctional reactive dye containing one monochlorotriazine/sulphatoethylsulphone reactive system. The results also indicate that the fastness properties are approximately the same for both the reactive dyes under investigation.  相似文献   

16.
The objective of the current study was to introduce the coumarin structure into a conventional reactive dye system. A fluorescent reactive dye was synthesised based upon 7‐amino‐4‐methylcoumarin. The dye was obtained by a multi‐step sequence initiated by displacement of a chlorine group from 2,4,6‐trichloro‐1,3,5‐triazine using H‐acid. Diazo coupling of 3‐aminobenzenesulphato‐ethylsulphone to this adduct, followed by a second chlorine displacement using aminomethylcoumarin completed the sequence. The fluorescent dye and the non‐fluorescent precursor were characterised by mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy and capillary electrophoresis. The newly synthesised dye was applied to wool fibres using an exhaust dyeing method. The exhaustion, fixation and total efficiency values were calculated by ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometric analysis of the dyebath. The synthesised red dye presented high values for exhaustion, fixation and total efficiency on the wool fibres. The novel dye, after its application to the wool fibres, exhibited fluorescence under an ultraviolet light. This feature confirmed that the novel dye retained the inherent characteristic feature of fluorescence on the wool fibres. The dyed wool fibres exhibited level 4–5 of light fastness when compared with international wool light fastness standards.  相似文献   

17.
A series of seven reactive hydrophobic compounds was synthesised and authenticated. Aqueous dispersions of these compounds were prepared by milling and applied to wool by pad–dry–steam and exhaustion procedures. The extent of fixation achieved was assessed by determining the weight gain of the treated wools. Treated wool fabric was transfer printed with disperse dye papers and the disperse dye affinity was assessed both by dye yield (K/S) measurements and by determining the  相似文献   

18.
Polyester, nylon, silk and wool were dyed with disperse reactive dyes in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2). The dyes were substituted with either vinylsulphone or dichlorotriazine reactive groups. Since earlier research showed that water, distributed over the scCO2 and the textile, increased the colouration, experiments were done with the vinylsulphone dye with varying amounts of water in the dyeing vessel, to investigate if there is an optimum water concentration. The amounts were such, that no liquid water was present. The maximum colouration was obtained when both the scCO2 and the textiles were saturated with water. At the saturation point, deep colours were obtained with the vinylsulphone dye for polyester, nylon, silk and wool, with fixation percentages between 70 and 92% when the dyeing time was 2 h. The positive effect of water was due to its ability to swell fibres or due to an effect of water on the reactivity of the dye–fibre system. Also the dichlorotriazine dye showed more colouration when the scCO2 was moist. With this dye, experiments were conducted in water-saturated scCO2, varying the pressure from 225 to 278 bar and the temperature from 100 to 116 °C. The colouration of polyester increased with pressure, the results for silk and wool were not sensitive to pressure. Increasing the temperature had no influence on the dyeing of polyester, silk and wool. The fixations on polyester, silk and wool, being between 71 and 97%, were also independent of pressure and temperature.  相似文献   

19.
A novel blue cationic reactive dye (dye 1 ) based on an azo benzothiazole derivative and possessing an acrylamido reactive group, was synthesised and evaluated on dyeing Coloursafe modified nylon 6.6 at optimum pH. Benzothiazole quaternary dye was chosen as a target as this is known to be very strong chromophically. Evaluation of the technical properties of dye 1 showed that it fixed efficiently to nylon under acidic dyeing conditions. As it was necessary to prove that fixation occurs via a covalent bond, the dyeing properties of a non‐reactive cationic dye, (CI Basic Blue 41), on dyeing nylon 6.6 at optimum pH were evaluated. CI Basic Blue 41 was similar in structure to dye 1 and would be capable of forming an ion–ion bond with the fibre. Evaluation of the technical properties of dye 1 proved that, in all cases, its fixation efficiency and build‐up properties were far better than that of CI Basic Blue 41.  相似文献   

20.
Lyocell union fabrics, namely lyocell/silk and lyocell/polyester fabrics, were woven in different fabric constructions and dyed with reactive dyes, acid dyes and a disperse dye. The resulting dyed fabrics were given a resin finishing treatment and their wash fastness was measured. With appropriate dye selection and control of dyeing conditions, some bright solid shades and effective cross‐dyed shades were obtained. The dyed and finished fabrics had a smooth, lustrous handle, ideal for lightweight garments.  相似文献   

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