共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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染料敏化太阳能电池(DSSCs)为无机固态光伏电池提供了可靠的可代替概念。染料敏化太阳能电池的光电转换效率主要依赖于纳米晶多孔半导体TiO2薄膜电极的染料。由于天然染料的低成本和工艺制备简单的优点,天然染料作为敏化剂已成为DSSC研究热点。作为DSSC的敏化剂的天然染料,如花青素类、胡萝卜素类、叶绿素类、类黄酮,可从不同植物不同部分提取出。主要介绍和讨论天然敏化剂的发展和实用化必须解决的关键问题。 相似文献
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染料敏化太阳能电池具有价格低廉、制作工艺简单和较高的光电转换效率等优点,受到人们的广泛关注。作为染料敏化太阳能电池的关键,敏化剂发挥着重要的作用。卟啉化合物因在可见光区域吸收强、容易修饰等优点受到人们广泛而深入的研究。介绍了染料敏化太阳能电池的结构、基本原理分析了近年来卟啉染料敏化剂的发展及它们的结构变化对其光电性能的影响,展望了卟啉敏化剂与其他敏化剂共敏化,提高可电光吸收范围可能是提高光电转换效率的有效途径。 相似文献
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染料敏化太阳能电池结合了染料敏化剂和无机半导体的优势,具有较宽的光谱响应范围,理论光电转换效率高、透明度高、制造工艺简单、成本较低、对原料纯度要求不高、寿命长、对环境友好、应用前景广阔等,因而在最近的二十年中引起人们的广泛兴趣。染料光敏化剂是染料敏化太阳能电池中一个关键的组成部分,起吸收太阳光并向载体转移电子的作用,它的性能将直接影响电池的光电转换效率。文章以卟啉及其配合物为主线,简要介绍了染料敏化太阳能电池的基本构造和光电原理,重点介绍了各种卟啉类光敏剂在染料敏化纳米晶太阳能电池中的应用。 相似文献
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染料敏化太阳能电池是太阳能电池的重要发展方向之一,染料敏化剂是影响电池光电转换效率的重要因素。探讨了染料敏化太阳能电池中羧基类不对称锌酞菁作为光敏剂的研究进展及其成果,提出对未来发展的展望。 相似文献
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染料敏化纳米晶太阳能电池的研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
染料敏化太阳能电池是近些年发展起来的新型、高效、低成本的光电池。而起到负载敏化剂以及收集、传输电子作用的光阳极是关系到该电池性能的重要组成部分,且敏化的效果是整个光电池光电转换效率的关键。从染料敏化纳米晶太阳能电池(DSSD s)的结构和工作原理出发,详细阐述了光阳极敏化、敏化剂选择及分类和敏化方法,并对光阳极及其敏化的可能发展趋势做了简要叙述。 相似文献
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基于自然界光合作用机理的DSSC研究备受关注。不产氧光合细菌中的紫细菌是研究光合作用机理的良好模式生物。从3种典型紫细菌中获得了7种具有不同吸光范围、极性和结构的细菌叶绿素a(BChl a)和类胡萝卜素(Car)以及3种改性BChl a。在此基础上,较系统地比较了天然与改性BChl a、多组分与单一组分Car、BChl a色素浓度、BChl a和Car共敏对DSSC光电性能的影响,并对色素与半导体材料的相互作用进行了表征。结果表明:100 mW·cm-2入射光强下,在不添加任何分散剂(spacer)的条件下,具有近红外吸收的天然BChl a光电转化性能较优,光电转换效率为1.26%。单一组分Car比多组分Car具有较高的光电性能,玫红品Car光电转换效率最佳。BChl a敏化TiO2薄膜电极,吸收光谱红移,800 nm特征荧光淬灭。BChl a与Car共敏TiO2薄膜电极,拓宽了可见光吸收光谱,短路电流和光电转换效率比BChl a提高了12%和7.3%。紫细菌天然色素廉价易得、环境友好,不仅能吸收可见光,而且能有效利用红外光,这对研制响应可见光-近红外的太阳能电池光电器件具有重要参考价值。 相似文献
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In the field of photovoltaic energy conversion, hybrid inorganic/organic devices represent promising alternatives to standard photovoltaic systems in terms of exploiting the specific features of both organic semiconductors and inorganic nanomaterials. Two main categories of hybrid solar cells coexist today, both of which make much use of metal oxide nanostructures based on titanium dioxide (TiO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) as electron transporters. These metal oxides are cheap to synthesise, are non‐toxic, are biocompatible and have suitable charge transport properties, all these features being necessary to demonstrate highly efficient solar cells at low cost. Historically, the first hybrid approach developed was the dye‐sensitized solar cell (DSSC) concept based on a nanostructured porous metal oxide electrode sensitized by a molecular dye. In particular, solid‐state hybrid DSSCs, which reduce the complexity of cell assembly, demonstrate very promising performance today. The second hybrid approach exploits the bulk heterojunction (BHJ) concept, where conjugated polymer/metal oxide interfaces are used to generate photocurrent. In this context, we review the recent progress and new concepts in the field of hybrid solid‐state DSSC and BHJ solar cells based on TiO2 and ZnO nanostructures, incorporating dyes and conjugated polymers. We point out the specificities in common hybrid device structures and give an overview on new concepts, which couple and exploit the main advantages of both DSSC and BHJ approaches. In particular, we show that there is a trend of convergence between both DSSC and BHJ approaches into mixed concepts at the borderline which may allow in the near future the development of hybrid devices for competitive photovoltaic energy conversion. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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《Dyes and Pigments》2013,96(3):523-533
New organic dyes based on diphenylaminofluorene donors, cyanoacrylic acid acceptors and either ethynylbenzene or ethynylthiophene π-spacers have been synthesized and characterized as sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells. The dye with thiophene in the conjugation pathway exhibited longer wavelength absorption due to the significant lowering of the LUMO level when compared to the phenyl analog. However, the dye with the phenylacetylene linker displayed promising DSSC characteristics such as short circuit current, open circuit voltage and fill factor indicative of efficient charge generation and injection. The solvatochromic behavior of the dyes were examined in solvents of different polarity and found to exhibit negative solvatochromism of the fluorescence emission suggestive of a nonpolar solvent stabilized excited state with a significant structural reorganization. The TDDFT computations were used to explain the optical properties of the dyes. 相似文献