城市设计与地铁车站综合开发

着重分析地铁车站综合开发的优势，以及如何运用城市设计的手段来指导地铁车站的综合开发，目的是研究我国未来地铁车站综合开发的趋势。     

城市地铁沿线房地产综合开发的研究

指出城市地铁沿线房地产综合开发利用为解决地铁建设资金短缺问题提供了新的思路,阐述了城市地铁沿线房地产综合开发利用的意义,分析了城市地铁沿线房地产综合开发的模式及原则,最后总结了国内地铁沿线房地产综合开发需注意的事项。     

对地铁站点物业综合开发的设计研究——以厦门地铁3号线双十中学站物业开发为例

随着我国城市轨道交通建设的迅速发展,地铁建设引导规划和土地综合开发成为关注重点。文章通过对厦门地铁三号线双十中学站物业开发方案设计研究,对"地铁+物业"开发模式特点及地铁物业开发设计重点进行分析总结,以期对地铁站物业综合开发及可持续发展提供设计参考。     

多维视角下的地铁枢纽站周边综合开发——以广州白鹅潭地铁站场站综合体为例

在我国轨道交通建设如火如荼的今天,轨道交通站点及其周边用地综合开发的重要性逐渐突显,已成为城市发展和优化提升的重要契机。对于广州市等超大城市,位于城市中心区的地铁枢纽站周边综合开发尤为关键。论文以最近通过控制性详细规划方案审查的广州白鹅潭地铁场站综合体为研究对象,结合项目的背景和面临的挑战,从城市发展、枢纽设计和开发运营视角进行深入剖析,以期为我国当下地铁枢纽站及周边用地综合开发项目提供参考。     

植入城市的生长“点”——关于武汉市中南路地铁站点周边城市设计方案的探讨

当前武汉城市地铁建设逐步展开,以地铁站为中心的周边城市区域开发以及地下空间的开发将引领新一轮的城市建设。该文首先对地铁站综合开发的一些理论进行了研究,然后以中南路地铁站及其周边的开发为例．通过结合相关理论以及分析区域现状,从城市设计的视角探讨了地铁站及周边地区地上、地下空间开发以及整合的方法。     

综合开发的车辆基地交通流线设计策略探析——以平台模式车辆基地上盖开发为例

以平台模式地铁车辆基地为主要研究对象,归纳了平台模式地铁车辆基地典型的交通流线特征,并结合实际案例分别从其对外交通流线设计、内部交通组织设计与消防流线设计3个方面提出针对性的设计策略,对现阶段平台模式综合开发车辆基地交通流线设计策略与方法的分析及梳理,期望能够对即将兴建的综合开发地铁车辆基地设计起到有益的推动作用。     

地铁车站与周边地块开发结合设计思考

地铁车站与周边地块的开发模式越来越多样化。本文以两个不同类型的车站综合开发项目为例,对地铁车站与周边地块结合的方案及设计特点进行了详细地论述,对规划条件、建设时序、开发性质等不同情况下的车站综合开发提出了设计思路。     

地铁站点地下公共空间综合开发设计分析

文中结合实际，围绕地下、公共、空间三个关键点展开讨论，探讨如何开发利用地铁站点地下空间；分析综合开发设计的重要性，以及如何将付费区和出入口的地下通道与周边写字楼等设施相连接，强调了有度线的车站如何利用负二层和负一层的空间与周边业态考虑综合开发设计；介绍了TOD模式在地铁站点综合开发中的应用。     

日本城市公共交通考察报告

本文是作者随中国土木工程学会赴日城市公共交通考察团的考察报告,内容包含六项:(1)政府格外重视城市公共交通的建设;(2)电铁地铁已成为城市公共交通运输的主干;(3)开发了“新交通系统”;(4)解决城市公共汽车优先问题成效显著;(5)实行产业的综合开发已经成为公交企业提高经济效益的重要途径;(6)以降低成本、节省人力为目标,努力推动技术进步。最后谈论此次访日感受。     

利用白云新城四站点进行地下空间综合开发的设想

地铁站点地下空间有系统的综合利用开发,将把地铁站与周边地区的建设联结成为一个统一、集约、高效的有机整体。本文介绍了地铁站点综合开发利用的意义,分析了白云新城区域情况,并对白云新城四站点如何进行地下空间综合开发提出了设想。     

曝气吹脱法去除水中三氯乙烷的试验研究

研究了曝气吹脱法对水中1,1,1-三氯乙烷和1,1,2-三氯乙烷的去除效果。结果表明,曝气吹脱法对水中1,1,1-三氯乙烷具有理想的去除效果,但是对1,1,2-三氯乙烷的去除效果很差;当曝气量为0.4～1.0 L/min,气水比为3～5时,能将初始质量浓度为5倍国家标准限值的1,1,1-三氯乙烷降低至《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749—2006)限值以内;在相同曝气量条件下,气水比越大,对1,1,1-三氯乙烷的去除效果越好。     

IL-13和乙醇对人肺成纤维细胞增殖的影响

目的研究乙醇和（或）IL-13对人肺成纤维细胞（HFL-1）的促增殖作用。方法培养HFL-1,通过MTT法检测乙醇和（或）IL-13对HFL-1增殖的影响,并对结果进行分析。结果①25、50、100、200 mmol·L^-1乙醇对HFL-1的增殖无影响（P〉0.05）。②10、20、50μg·L^-1的IL-13对乙醇有促增殖作用,且有浓度依赖性（P〈0.05）。③不同浓度的乙醇（25、50、100、200 mmol·L^-1）和10μg·L^-1IL-13共同刺激HFL-1后增殖效果与10μg·L^-1IL-13单独刺激的效果差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;除50 mmol·L^-1外,其余浓度的乙醇（25、100和200 mmol·L^-1）和20μg·L^-1IL-13共同刺激HFL-1后增殖效果高于20μg·L^-1IL-13单独刺激的效果（P〈0.05）;不同浓度的乙醇（25、50、100和200 mmol·L^-1）和50μg·L^-1IL-13共同刺激HFL-1后增殖效果明显高于50μg·L^-1IL-13单独刺激的效果（P〈0.05）,且具有浓度依赖性。结论单独低浓度乙醇（25、50、100和200 mmol·L^-1）不会影响HFL-1的增殖,但与一定浓度IL-13共同作用下将对HFL-1的增殖有显著影响。     

复方血栓通片中人参皂苷Rb1与Rg1在大鼠体内的药代动力学研究

目的考察大鼠灌胃口服复方血栓通片后人参皂苷Rb1与Rg1在大鼠体内的药代动力学特征。方法通过建立测定血浆中人参皂苷Rg1与Rb1的液质联用色谱法（LC—MS），测定8只大鼠灌胃给1200mg·kg^-1的复方血栓通片后的血药浓度，通过DAS软件进行药代动力学统计分析。结果大鼠灌胃给1200mg·kg^-1的复方血栓通片后，血浆中人参皂苷Rb1与Rg1达峰时间均快，分别为1．02h与1．05h；与人参皂苷Rb1相比，人参皂苷Rg1原形在胃肠吸收较差，生物利用度低；人参皂苷Rb1半衰期长[（16．45±3．17）h]而人参皂苷Rg1半衰期短[（4．33±1．34）h]。结论复方血栓通片中人参皂苷Rb1与Rg1的药代动力学研究对含该组分的新药研发和制剂研究等有一定的意义。     

The influence of metabolic gene polymorphisms on urinary 1-hydroxypyrene concentrations in Chinese coke oven workers

Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP), a biomarker of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) exposure, may be influenced by metabolic gene polymorphisms. Such knowledge could benefit us in understanding the inter-individual difference in the mechanism of PAHs-induced carcinogenesis. We investigated the influence of gene polymorphisms on urinary 1-OHP concentrations in 447 coke oven workers from two coking plants in south China. After adjustment for age, plant, level of occupational exposure, body mass index, level of education, alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking and respirator usage, AhR R554K (rs2066853), UGT1A1 -3263T>G (rs4124874) and GSTP1 I105V (rs1695) were associated with urinary 1-OHP excretion with the p-value of 0.053, 0.006 and 0.021, respectively. The concentrations of urinary 1-OHP (Geometric mean, micromol/mol creatinine) in the homozygous major variant carriers and homozygous minor variant carriers for AhR R554K, UGT1A1 -3263T>G and GSTP1 I105V were listed as follows: 4.20 and 5.12, 5.11 and 3.92, 4.93 and 2.91, respectively. GSTT1 present carriers had a significantly higher urinary 1-OHP level than that in null carriers in the case with AhR R554K GA/AA carriers (5.17 vs. 3.64 micromol/mol creatinine, p=0.038), as well as in the case with UGT1A1 -3263T>G TG/GG carriers (5.67 vs. 3.38 micromol/mol creatinine, p=0.001). These results showed that AhR, UGT1A1, GSTP1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms were associated with urinary 1-OHP concentrations in Chinese coke oven workers. No influence was found in the association between urinary 1-OHP and other genetic polymorphisms such as CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1, CYP2E1, EPHX1, EPHX2 in this population.     

对话──谈厦门机场综合楼的创作构思

本文讨论厦门机场综合楼创作过程中的外部环境和内在因素及其所影响的方案过程，并试图探讨传统和现代相结合的可能性。     

Fish toxicity of jet fuels—I. The toxicity of the synthetic fuel JP-9 and its components

The toxicity of the jet fuel JP-9 and its components RJ-4, RJ-5 and MCH was assessed in static bioassays on the warm water fish, golden shiner (Notemigonus chrysoleucas). The 96-h LC₅₀ of emulsions was 2.0 mg 1⁻¹ for JP-9, 0.51 mg 1⁻¹ for RJ-4, 0.61 mg 1⁻¹ for RJ-5 and 72 mg 1⁻¹ for MCH. As determined by the 96-h LC₅₀ values unemulsified fuel (pools of fuel) JP-9 was 235 times less toxic, RJ-4 was 196 times less toxic, RJ-5 was 7700 times less toxic and MCH was 3.3 times less toxic than the corresponding emulsified materials.

In continuous flow bioassays with the water soluble fraction of the fuel and its components the effect on egg hatchability and fry development of flagfish (Jordanella floridae) and rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) was studied. The no effect of level on flagfish egg hatchability was 0.23 mg 1⁻¹ for JP-9 and 0.05 mg 1⁻¹ for RJ-5. Concentrations of 0.83 mg 1⁻¹ MCH and 0.2 mg 1⁻¹ RJ-4 did not affect egg hatchability. In rainbow trout studies 97-day LC₅₀ values for RJ-4 and RJ-5 were 0.045 mg 1⁻¹ and 0.072 mg 1⁻¹, respectively, and 23-day LC₅₀ values for JP-9 and MCH were 0.26 mg 1⁻¹ and 1.3 mg 1⁻¹, respectively.

The accumulation of fuels in fish bodies was studied and it was found that flagfish can tolerate a total body burden of 0.5 mg MCH g⁻¹ wet weight without lethality. It was also found that body burdens of 0.43 mg RJ-4 g⁻¹ and of 0.27 mg RJ-5 g⁻¹ on a wet weight basis will produce 50% mortality in rainbow trout.

Voiding of MCH from fish bodies occurs readily in fuel-free water, but RJ-4 and RJ-5 are retained in the tissues.     

Survey of lead, cadmium, cobalt and nickel in infant formulas and evaporated milks and estimation of dietary intakes of the elements by infants 0-12 months old

Lead, cadmium, cobalt and nickel were determined in 282 infant formulas and evaporated milks using a graphite-furnace atomic absorption coprecipitation method capable of determining background levels in all samples. On an "as sold" basis, lead in ready-to-use (RTU), concentrated liquid, and powder formulas averaged 1.6, 3.7 and 12.6 ng g-1, respectively. Evaporated (evap.) milks in lead-free and lead-soldered cans contained 2.8 and 95 ng g-1, respectively. Average concentrations of cadmium, cobalt and nickel in evap. milk, milk-based RTU formulas and soy-based RTU formulas were: Cd, 0.38, 0.35 and 3.39 ng g-1; Co, 0.89, 0.46 and 2.79 ng g-1; and Ni, 4.7, 6.0 and 63.7 ng g-1, respectively. In milk-based formulas, cobalt and nickel concentrations were statistically higher in those fortified with iron. Dietary intakes of lead, cadmium, cobalt and nickel by 0-12-month-old infants from food and water used to dilute concentrated foods averaged 1.81 micrograms per kilogram body weight per day (micrograms kg-1 day-1) (13.2 micrograms day-1), 0.44 micrograms kg-1 day-1 (3.5 micrograms day-1), 0.52 micrograms kg-1 day-1 (3.93 micrograms day-1), and 5.0 micrograms kg-1 day-1 (38.2 micrograms day-1), respectively. Lead and cadmium intakes were below the respective FAO/WHO provisional tolerable daily intakes (PTDI) of 3.6 and 0.96-1.2 micrograms kg-1 day-1, except the lead intake of 6 micrograms kg-1 day-1 by infants fed evap. milk stored in lead-soldered cans.     

Effects of genetic polymorphisms CYP1A1, GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 on urinary 1-hydroxypyrene levels in sugarcane workers

Sugarcane workers in Brazil are exposed to various genotoxic compounds, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), derived from an incomplete combustion process of burnt sugarcane fields. The effects of the occupational exposure to sugarcane fields burning were measured in urine samples of sugarcane workers from the northwest of the State of S?o Paulo when exposed (harvesting) and when non-exposed (non-harvesting). The urinary levels of 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) and the influence of the genetic polymorphisms CYP1A1, GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 were evaluated. Our results showed that the 1-OHP levels were significantly higher (P<0.0000) in the exposed sugarcane workers (0.318 mumol mol(-1) creatinine) than in the non-exposed workers (0.035 mumol mol(-1) creatinine). In an unvaried analysis, no influence regarding the polymorphisms was observed. However, multivariate regression analysis showed that the CYP1A1()4 polymorphism in the exposed group, and age and the GSTP1 polymorphism in the non-exposed group significantly influenced urinary 1-OHP excretion levels (P<0.10). The same group of sugarcane workers was significantly more exposed to PAHs during the harvesting period than during the non-harvesting period.     

Cytochrome P450 1B1 mRNA levels in peripheral blood cells and exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Chinese coke oven workers

Cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) is induced through the Ah receptor and is involved in the activation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). To determine the validity of a quantitative analysis of CYP1B1 mRNA in peripheral human blood cells for the estimation of PAH exposure, a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction method was used to measure the relative levels of CYP1B1 mRNA in 37 Chinese coke oven workers and 13 control workers. A large inter-individual difference in the levels was observed. The average level of the CYP1B1 mRNA in workers at the top work site, where the PAH exposure level from the coke ovens was highest, was significantly higher than in workers at the middle site (P<0.01) or the controls (P=0.02). A non-significant positive correlation was found between the CYP1B1 mRNA levels and urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (R=0.22, P=0.13), and a significant correlation between these mRNA levels and urinary cotinine (R=0.33, P=0.02). It was interesting that a significant positive correlation between CYP1B1 mRNA and 1-hydroxypyrene was observed in subjects with the Leu/Leu type of CYP1B1 Leu432Val polymorphism (R=0.33, P=0.02, n=38) and a non-significant correlation in subjects with the Leu/Val and Val/Val types (R=-0.36, P=0.25, n=12), although the number of subjects in this strata analysis was small. Our preliminary study suggests that PAH exposure in coke ovens and smoking maybe associated with CYP1B1 mRNA levels in peripheral blood cells although mRNA is generally unstable and could be expressed following exposure to other agents.     

miR-1腺病毒载体的构建及表达分析

目的构建并鉴定microRNA-1（miR-1）的腺病毒表达载体。方法 PCR扩增含大鼠miR-1前体的DNA片断,并将其克隆到腺病毒穿梭质粒pAdTrack。pAdTrack经PmeI酶切线性化后与腺病毒骨架质粒pAdEasy-1在BJ5183菌中进行同源重组。重组质粒pAdprecusor-miR-1线性化后,转染293A细胞,进行病毒包装,得到重组腺病毒颗粒Ad-miR-1。Ad-miR-1与Ad-GFP病毒转染培养的乳鼠心肌细胞,通过实时荧光定量PCR方法检测miR-1的表达效率。结果基因测序及酶切鉴定证实重组Adprecursor-miR-1腺病毒载体构建成功;腺病毒Ad-miR-1转染心肌细胞后,实时荧光定量PCR方法证实腺病毒Ad-miR-1能够显著提高心肌细胞内miR-1的表达水平。结论利用同源重组的方法构建的miR-1腺病毒能够提高心肌细胞内miR-1的表达水平。