Ti-Zr-Be-Cu-Co块体非晶合金在NaCl溶液中的冲刷腐蚀行为

为评价Ti基块体非晶合金的耐蚀性,以期今后在工业生产中的应用,采用失重法研究了Ti35Zr30Be2 4Cu7.5Co3.5块体非晶合金及其对应晶体成分在质量分数6%Na Cl溶液中0.2、0.4、0.6 m/s流速下的冲刷腐蚀行为.利用X射线分析(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)研究了Ti35Zr30Be2 4Cu7.5Co3.5块体非晶合金及其对应晶体成分的相结构、微观腐蚀形貌,并利用电化学极化试验测试2种合金冲刷腐蚀后的耐蚀性.结果表明:随着流速的增加,2种合金的腐蚀速度均升高,其中非晶合金出现最大腐蚀速度峰值的时间由无冲刷状态的32 h缩短到流速为0.6 m/s下的10 h,Ti35Zr30Be2 4Cu7.5Co3.5块体非晶合金腐蚀速度较对应晶体成分小;Ti35Zr30Be2 4Cu7.5Co3.5块体非晶合金较对应晶体成分在质量分数6%NaCl溶液中具有更好的耐蚀性.     

Cast bulk ZrTiAlCuNi amorphous alloys

Cylindrical bulk amorphous samples with diameters up to 10 mm have been prepared by casting ZrTiAlCuNi alloys in a copper mould. In order to rank glass-forming ability as a function of alloy composition, alloys were also cast into wedge-shaped moulds; to a first approximation, the thickness of the amorphous region obtained can be taken as an indication of glass-forming ability. The compositions which lead to the production of bulk glasses all have reduced glass transition temperatures in excess of 0.65 and the extremely high glass-forming ability of these compositions is discussed. We suggest that both the Al and Ti contents are determining factors for the production of bulk amorphous samples and these are believed to reduce the driving force for, and hence the rate of, crystallisation. These amorphous alloys have been found to display high thermal stability and can be annealed for several minutes in the supercooled liquid region. They are ductile at room temperature and have a high value of yield stress.     

放电等离子烧结制备块体非晶合金研究进展

非晶合金又称“金属玻璃”,是由于超快速冷却凝固导致无法有序排列结晶,从而得到的一种长程无序结构。这种非晶合金与存在晶界和位错的普通合金相比,具有更加优异的力学及物化性能。由于粉末状或条状非晶合金在尺寸和性能等方面的限制,因而大尺寸、优异力学性能及软磁性能卓越的块体非晶合金的制备受到了大量关注与探究。放电等离子烧结技术以温度低、效率高、时间短及冷却速率快等优点,被认为是一种具有广阔发展前景的制备方法。对Fe基、Zr基、Al基及Ti基本身的特点,以及通过放电等离子烧结技术制备不同体系块体非晶合金的物理及化学性能的研究进行了较为全面的综述。概述了放电等离子烧结技术的原理及在制备块体非晶合金方面的优势;分析了放电等离子烧结技术和制备的块体非晶合金材料存在的问题,以及采用该技术制备块体非晶合金的发展前景。重点介绍了在采用该制备不同体系的块体非晶合金时,如何通过改变放电等离子烧结参数,或通过再加工、本身粉末添加元素等方法获得大尺寸、优异性能的块体非晶合金。     

Characterization and thermodynamic study of nanostructured Cu-26Zn-4Al (wt.%) shape memory alloy through mechanical alloying

In the current study, nanostructured Cu−Zn−Al ternary alloy was synthesized via mechanical alloying. The structural evolutions were also measured using x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope. The results showed an increase in lattice strain while the crystallite size decreased. Afterwards, thermodynamic analysis was carried out on Cu−Zn, Cu−Al and Zn−Al binary systems through Miedema's semi-empirical model. It was found that in all binary systems, there is a driving force for solid solution formation over all compositions due to its negative Gibbs free energy changes in those compositions, whilst, this value is positive for the formation of amorphous phase over some compositions which can be attributed to the absence of driving force. Finally, the extended version of Miedema's semi-empirical model was used and discussed in detail to determine the thermodynamic desirability of solid solution and amorphous phase formation for Cu−Zn−Al ternary system. It was concluded that in this ternary system, the minimum thermodynamic driving force for solid solution formation occurred for those compositions which were located in the corners of ternary diagram.     

原位CuYSi颗粒增强块体镁基非晶合金复合材料的研究

用Mg-4%Si合金、纯Cu、纯Mg、Cu-38%Y合金经普通铜模铸造方法制备了一种原位颗粒增强Mg60Cu30Y10块体非晶合金复合材料。运用XRD以及EDS确定其颗粒为CuYSi相,采用SEM-EDS对颗粒的形貌、大小及成分进行了分析,并对Mg60Cu30Y10块体非晶合金复合材料的硬度及热稳定性进行了研究。结果表明,原位生成的CuYSi颗粒尺寸细小(10μm左右),形状规整并且均匀分布在非晶合金基体上;与Mg60Cu30Y10块体非晶合金相比,CuYSi颗粒的生成使得非晶合金复合材料的硬度增加102.5HV,ΔTx增加6.1K。     

ZrTiCuNiBe块体非晶合金的热电阻特性及电子结构

为了揭示ZrTiCuNiBe块体非晶合金的物理性能,利用电弧炉熔炼及铜模快速铸造的方法,制备Zr41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5块状非晶合金.通过测量热电阻系数和电子能谱,研究了块体非晶合金的热电阻特性和电子结构.研究表明:电阻率随着温度升高而降低,紧临晶化前未出现电阻率极大现象;块体非晶态合金与晶态纯金属相比,锆的电子结合能不发生变化,其余元素电子结构明显改变.     

块状非晶态镍磷合金的电化学沉积制备与结构研究

采用电化学沉积方法,在不同的工艺条件下,制备块状非晶态Ni-P合金,并研究了工艺条件和磷含量对块状Ni-P合金结构的影响.结果表明,电化学沉积制备块状非晶态Ni-P合金的方法是可行的,较低的pH值、较高的温度和较低的阴极电流密度更有利于非晶态结构的形成.试验中还发现,磷含量是决定块状Ni-P合金结构的主要因素,随着磷含量的增加,块状Ni-P合金由晶态向非晶态结构转变.     

铝基非晶合金的制备、性能与应用研究进展

铝基非晶合金因其独特的物理和化学性能在诸多领域具有广泛的应用前景,综述了铝基非晶合金的成分体系、制备方法、性能特点及应用研究进展。首先,介绍了铝基非晶合金的发展历史和成分体系,目前铝基非晶主要分为3大体系：二元、三元和多元体系,以及综合性能和形成能力2大方面,多元体系表现更佳,并逐渐向更多元化发展;其次,系统介绍了铝基非晶合金的制备方法,包括粉末状、薄带状、块体样品的制备,相较于非晶薄带的制备,块体和粉状的制备方法较为丰富,而粉状非晶通常作为铝基非晶涂层的预制材料;随后,详细介绍了铝基非晶合金的性能特点、应用现状及发展趋势,从性能上来看,铝基非晶在强度和硬度以及耐腐蚀性能上表现良好,目前主要以涂层的形式参与应用,除此之外,研究者们也开始对磁性和热塑性展开研究,由于玻璃形成能力的限制,作为结构材料的应用较少;最后,对其未来应用前景进行了展望,认为涂层是目前铝基非晶合金最具应用前景的工程化方式。     

高通量开发非晶合金的研究进展

革新非晶合金成分的传统试错研发方法,加速非晶合金从研究到应用的进程,已成为非晶合金研究领域的迫切需求。高通量实验技术作为美国政府2011年6月提出的"材料基因组计划"的三大要素之一,可在短时间内完成大量样品的制备与表征,可将材料从发现到应用的速度至少提高1倍,成本至少降低1/2。高通量实验可以加速非晶合金成分的筛选和优化,其重要性在非晶合金的研究中日益凸显。文章首先简要回顾非晶合金成分的传统设计方法,然后着重介绍利用高通量实验方法研发非晶合金成分的最新进展,并简要分析高通量实验技术在非晶合金研究中面临的挑战。     

冷热循环处理对钛基非晶合金摩擦学性能的影响EI北大核心CSCD

钛合金的耐磨性较差,在钛合金活动部件表面制备钛基非晶合金涂层是一种保持钛合金优势又提升其耐磨性的选择。采用X射线衍射仪、差示扫描量热仪、SEM、摩擦磨损试验机,对冷热循环处理前后钛基块体非晶合金的组织结构与摩擦行为进行比较研究。结果表明:经过冷热循环处理后的钛基块体非晶合金仍然保持着完全非晶态,弛豫焓提升11%。冷热循环处理后钛基非晶合金的平均纳米硬度从6.84 GPa降低到6.59 GPa,平均弹性模量从118.70 GPa降低到103.43 GPa,但硬度与弹性模量的比值增大。冷热循环处理后,钛基块体非晶合金在5 N和10 N的载荷下磨损率减小了约10%。与TC4合金相比,其在5 N和10 N载荷下的磨损率分别减小了20%和50%。TC4合金由于硬度较低,呈现较为严重的黏着磨损。冷热循环处理后,钛基非晶合金的磨损机制从铸态的磨粒磨损为主向磨粒磨损、黏着磨损和氧化磨损共同作用转变,且随着载荷的增大,黏着磨损减轻,磨粒磨损占据主导。因此,冷热循环处理是提升钛基块体非晶合金摩擦学性能的一种有效方法。     

非晶钢研究进展

为了系统地介绍和了解非晶钢这一新型的铁基大块非晶合金,结合国外最新的有关非晶钢的报道,综述了非晶钢的发展历史、非晶成分设计、内在机制和应用前景等.通过实验优化合金成分使得非晶钢尺寸取得了突破,达到厘米级,减少使用贵金属降低成本,同时机械强度、硬度、抗腐蚀能力等性能远远优于同类晶态钢材.非晶钢的性能经过进一步的改善,将是极具发展潜力的结构材料和特殊功能材料.     

Laser Surface Modification of a Crystalline Al‐Co‐Ce Alloy for Enhanced Corrosion Resistance

The surfaces of Al‐Co‐Ce bulk crystalline alloys have been successfully laser processed resulting in amorphous‐like surface layer formation with enhanced corrosion characteristics. The material system, Al₈₄Co_7.5Ce_8.5, is one of several next generation alloy compositions scientifically designed to form a metallic glass under the proper processing conditions. This material system exhibits both local composition changes and enhanced corrosion resistance in comparison to their native counterparts.     

Fe基非晶合金粉末的研究进展

非晶合金粉末是指快冷雾化合金液滴所制得的合金粉末,其中Fe基非晶合金粉末因具有生产成本低廉和应用前景广阔等优势,一直备受青睐。同时,Fe基非晶合金粉末的应用也为块体Fe基非晶合金应用难的问题提供了一条崭新的途径。本文综述了Fe基非晶合金粉末的研究进展,对其在涂层制备、磁性材料、激光3D打印、废水处理4个方面的研究现状进行了归纳分类与总结,并分析了Fe基非晶合金粉末在各领域的应用优势。最后指出Fe基非晶合金粉末在制备高质量涂层、老化磁性粉末再利用及增材制造领域的研究方向,并展望了作为传感、控制等功能性器件的应用前景。此外,在薄膜等小尺寸、低维材料及柔性电子领域也展现出巨大的应用潜力。     

Surface Characterization of Ni_(64)P_(20)Fe_(16)Amorphous Alloy by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Auger Electron Spectroscopy

The nature of the native oxides formed on thesurface layer of amorphous alloy Ni_(64)P_(20)Fe_(16)hasbeen studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and Auger electron spectroscopy(AES)withdepth profiling by ion bombardment.There aregreat distinctions in compositions and chemicalstates between the surface layer and the bulk.Themain constituents Ni,P and Fe are lower in the sur-face layer,and they are mostly in oxidized states,whereas C,O and N are enriched in the surface lay-er.The thickness of surface oxide layer isapproximately 20 nm,this layer was assumed to beof great significance to various properties of amor-phous alloy Ni_(64)P_(20)Fe_(16),expecially to the chemicaland catalytic properties.Experiments proved thattransitional element Fe cannot improve oxidationresistance of the amorphous Ni-P system.     

Fe80P13C7块体非晶态合金与非晶薄带抗腐蚀性能的对比研究

通过J-Quenching技术在低冷速(低于1000K/s)下制备出块体尺寸达2mm的Fe80P13C7非晶态合金。通过阳极极化曲线测试以及对样品在1mol/L的HCl溶液中浸泡后的腐蚀形貌的观察,对Fe80P13C7块体非晶态合金、非晶薄带以及晶态合金的电化学腐蚀行为进行了对比研究,结果表明,块体非晶的腐蚀性能优于非晶薄带和晶态合金。这可能是由于块体非晶态合金在制备过程中冷速较低,原子发生结构弛豫的时间更长,结合能增大,使得合金中原子与溶液中离子的反应速率减慢,从而提高了块体非晶态合金的腐蚀性能。     

非晶态合金条带高压复合法制备大块非晶态合金

介绍一种制备大块非晶态合金的新方法－快淬非晶态合金和条带高压复合法，其原理是利用高压抑制非晶态合金的晶化过程，从而在较宽的温区通过大量均匀的粘滞流变实现快淬非晶态合金条带的全致密复合。     

大块非晶合金形成的控制因素与制备技术

综合评述了大块非晶合金形成的主要控制因素和提高玻璃形成能力的机制，简介制备大块非晶合金的技术及其组织结构与性能特点，提出进一步开展计算机辅助合金设计，以寻求具有极大玻璃形成能力的合金系统，采用铸造成型促进实用化进程。     

大块非晶合金Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5的电子结构特征及电击穿行为

测定了大块非晶合金Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5晶化前后的费米能级和各元素的电子结合能,研究了非品合金的电子结构特征和电击穿行为．测试并讨论了非晶材料场发射能力和耐电压强度的关系．结果表明,对于Zr基合金,非品态比品态合金具有更大的功函数．比较了Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5合金非晶态与晶态的耐电压强度数值,发现非晶态合金的耐电压强度数值比较分散,品化合金的耐电压强度相对比较集中．耐电压强度平均值表明,Zr基合金非晶态具有更好的耐电压能力．     

Fabrication of YbAl3 film via annealing amorphous Yb-Al film deposited by RF magnetron sputtering

YbAl₃ single-phase bulk alloy was synthesized by melting at 1258 K using raw Yb and Al metals in the ratio of 1:2.2. A sputtering YbAl₃ target was prepared using the precursor YbAl₃ bulk alloy with the spark plasma sintering process. An amorphous Yb-Al film was fabricated by RF magnetron sputtering using the YbAl₃ target, and a single-phase crystalline YbAl₃ film was fabricated by annealing the amorphous Yb-Al film at temperatures higher than 923 K in Ar atmosphere.     

Microstructure and electrical characteristics of Ni-Cr thin films

Microstructure of thin films of different compositions of Ni-Cr alloy, over the range from 40 wt.% to 80 wt.% Ni, deposited on silicon nitride coated GaAs substrates, is investigated under Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) in as-deposited and annealed conditions. The procedure of wet etching vias through GaAs substrates is used for preparing samples for TEM. Microstructures of as-deposited films of different Ni-Cr alloys are related to the nature of the parent alloy in the binary phase diagram. The microstructural transformations in annealed films of single and two-phase alloy materials are interpreted based on the comparison of TEM micrographs in conjunction with the X-ray diffraction and electron diffraction data. The changes in the electrical characteristics such as resistivity and temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) of the films in relation to the microstructural transformations are discussed. The effect of superimposing a polyimide layer on the TCR of Ni-Cr films is also discussed.