30t电炉冶炼不锈钢除尘红泥球的实践

使用电炉将不锈钢除尘灰熔化还原,实现了不锈钢除尘友内的贵重合金元素Ni、Cr、Mn等的回收使用,也避免了不锈钢除尘灰对环境的二次污染。     

Self-reduction of Manganese-rich Slag Briquette Containing Carbon

The self-reduction experiment of manganese-rich slag briquette containing carbon was carried out in a hightemperature carbon tube furnace.The main factors affecting the reduction rate were analyzed,and the kinetic model of reduction was established.The results show that the increase of basicity of briquette has an obvious effect on improving reduction rate.When the carbon ratio of briquettes is 1.2and its basicity is 1.0,the reduction rate can reach90%.It can accelerate reduction process and decrease reduction time when the appropriate flux CaF2 is added to the briquette.The apparent activation energy of chemical reaction is 24.07kJ/mol,and the apparent activation energy of internal diffusion is 107.55kJ/mol by calculation.Therefore,the reduction rate of briquette is determined by the mass transfer of CO in the product layer.     

双相不锈钢2205的热加工性能研究

研究了双相不锈钢2205在1 000~1 200℃温度、应变速率0.01~30 s-1下压缩变形的热加工行为。讨论了该条件下的应力应变曲线的特征并根据sinh-Arrhenius方程计算了其形变激活能为519 KJ/mol。通过对试样的金相及TEM观察,讨论了双相不锈钢中的奥氏体相和铁素体相在热变形中的回复、再结晶机制。     

400系列不锈钢除尘灰复合喷吹预脱磷回收铬研究

介绍了利用400系列不锈钢除尘灰复合喷吹铁水预脱磷并回收铬的实验研究。计算了利用除尘灰铁水预脱磷并回收Cr的可行性,计算表明,脱磷后Cr的回收率较高。与单喷相比,利用除尘灰复合喷吹处理后硅的含量显著下降,铁水预脱磷的处理周期减少了约15 min,处理所消耗的石灰和氧化铁皮都有所减少。     

Investigation of the Hot Plasticity of Duplex Stainless Steel

Hot plasticity of a nitrogen alloyed 25Cr 7Ni-4Mo duplex stainless steel was investigated. The results indicate that the main factors affecting the hot plasticity of duplex stainless steel are listed as follows： coalescent force of phase interface, microstructure, and the phase ratio and difference between the mechanical properties of ferrite and austenite. The heat treatment and sulphur contents have a notable effect on the hot plasticity. The reasonable heat treatments and the increased interfacial coalescent force will effectively enhance the hot plasticity of duplex stainless steel.     

金属粉末作中间材热轧制备不锈钢复合板

针对真空热轧制备不锈钢复合板工艺复杂和碳元素在复合界面扩散易形成碳化物影响结合强度的问题,进行了在低碳钢和不锈钢之间加入金属粉末的不锈钢/低碳钢非真空热轧试验研究。结果表明,金属粉末作为中间层时,不锈钢和低碳钢容易达到良好的冶金结合,还可以阻碍碳元素向复合界面处扩散,减少了碳铬化合物形成,有利于界面结合强度的提高。     

轧制法生产不锈钢复合板工艺研究及应用

介绍了轧制法生产不锈钢复合板的技术,并以304不锈钢和Q345R两者复合轧制为例,分析了采用该方法生产复合钢板的力学性能及复合界面组织形貌结构特征。结果表明,采用轧制法生产不锈钢复合钢板结合面无锯齿形,基层、复层组织均良好,板材拉伸断口无分层及白斑,力学性能完全满足不锈钢复合板的要求。     

Hot Compression Behavior of AsCast Precipitation Hardening Stainless Steel

 High temperature deformation characteristics of a semiaustenitic grade of precipitation hardening stainless steels were investigated by conducting hot compression tests at temperatures of 900-1 100 ℃ and strain rates of 0001-1 s-1. Flow behavior of this alloy was investigated and it was realized that dynamic recrystallization (DRX) was responsible for flow softening. The correlation between critical strain for initiation of DRX and deformation parameters including temperature and strain rate, and therefore, Zener Hollomon parameter (Z) was studied. Metallographic observation was performed to determine the as deformed microstructure. Microstructural observation shows that recrystallized grain size increases with increasing the temperature and decreasing the strain rate. The activation energy required for DRX of the investigated steel was determined using correlations of flow stress versus temperature and strain rate. The calculated value of activation energy, 460 kJ/mol, is in accordance with other studies on stainless steels. The relationship between peak strain and Z parameter is proposed.     

粉末316L不锈钢热挤压工艺

研究了氮气雾化316L粉的真空碳热还原烧结规律和挤压坯密度对热挤压工艺和挤压材性能的影响。获得了1种粉末316L钢无包套热挤压新工艺,即氮气雾化制粉→粉末振实真空烧结→热挤压。由于在真空烧结中碳对氧化物的还原作用,使316L雾化钢水的碳含量可以适当提高,简化了熔炼工艺。     

碱度对热压含碳球团软熔滴落性能的影响

热压含碳球团是一种利用煤的热塑性提高冶金性能的新型炼铁原料,具有还原速度快、高温强度高、原料适应性强等优点。在固定碳氧比n(FC)/n(O)为1.00的条件下,通过改变热压含碳球团碱度,系统研究了碱度对热压含碳球团软熔滴落性能的影响。研究表明:碱度对软化区间、熔化区间、滴落率等软熔滴落性能参数有显著的影响。随着碱度的增加,软化区间t40-t4先变窄后加宽,在碱度为1.40时最窄,降至331℃;熔化区间tD-tS先缓慢变窄后急剧加宽,在碱度为1.00时最窄,降至47℃;滴落率先增加后降低,在碱度为1.20时滴落率最高,达到22.22%。从软熔滴落性能角度综合考虑,实际生产热压含碳球团时其适宜的碱度范围为1.00~1.20。     

Chromium Recycling from Argon-oxygen Decarburization Dust in Hot Metal Pre-dephosphorization Process

The chromium recycling from the stainless steel dust of an argon-oxygen decarburization (AOD)furnace during a hot metal pretreatment process was investigated.Experiments at different temperatures or with different amounts of AOD dusts were carried out in a laboratory furnace equipped with MoSi2 heating elements and subsequently industri-al experiments were conducted in a stainless steelmaking factory,in order to study the thermodynamic mechanism of C and Si reacted with Cr2 O3 to get Cr from AOD dust.The results showed that the reaction between C and Cr2 O3 occurred below 1 572.18 K.Although its reducing ability was weaker than that of Si,C enabled the Cr in Cr2 O3 in the AOD dust to be recycled using the Si in the slag.By combining the AOD dust added in an earlier stage,the hot metal pretreatment slag added in a later stage could not only recycle Cr from AOD dust but also remove Si,S,and P.Higher hot metal temperatures resulted in higher Cr content and lower remained P concentration in the molten iron.     

碳素除尘灰在三脱铁水预处理中的循环利用

通过对三脱铁水预处理实际生产分析,铁鳞剂在使用效果、生产成本方面存在一定的不足,使用碳素红泥球替代铁鳞剂后,生产过程稳定顺行,脱磷效果良好,碳素除尘灰得到有效的循环利用,取得良好的经济效益和社会效益。     

Fundamental Study on Carbon Composite Iron Ore Hot Briquette Used as Blast Furnace Burden

Carbon composite iron ore hot briquette (CCB) is the product of fine iron ore and fine coal by hot briquetting process, which attracts more and more attention as a new type of ironmaking raw materials aiming to improve the operation efficiency and reduce the coke consumption of blast furnace. This paper is devoted to experimental study on metallurgical properties of CCB and numerical simulation of the BF operation with CCB charging. At first, the metallurgical properties of CCB, including cold crushing strength, RDI, RSI, reducibility, high temperature strength, and softening and dripping are experimentally tested and compared with the common burdens, which revealed that the CCB possesses the required metallurgical properties and is suitable to use as the blast furnace burden. Then, the effects of charging CCB on the dripping properties of comprehensive burdens are elucidated based on the experiments under simulated blast furnace conditions. The results showed that the maximum charging ratio of CCB in the iron burdens is 40%–50% for achieving appropriate dripping properties of the mixed burdens. Finally, a multi‐fluid blast furnace model is used to simulate BF operation with CCB charging. According to model simulations, charging CCB will cause the temperature level to decreases in the furnace and the location of the cohesive zone shifts downward. On the other hand, the productivity tends to increase while coke rate and total reducing agent rate decrease, the heat efficiency improves remarkably and the operation performance of BF is effectively enhanced.     

Optimization of Hot Workability in Superaustenitic Stainless Steel 654SMO

Hot compression tests were conducted on a Gleeble-3800 machine in a temperature range of 950 to 1200 ℃ and a strain rate range of 0. 001 to 10 s-1 in order to study the hot deformation behaviour of superaustenitic stainless steel 654SMO. The results show that peak stress increases with decreasing temperature and increasing strain rate, and the apparent activation energy of this alloy was determined to be about 494 kJ/mol. The constitutive equation which can be used to relate the peak stress to the absolute temperature and strain rate was obtained. The processing maps for hot working developed on the basis of flow stress data and the dynamic materials model were adopted to op- timize the hot workability. It is found that the features of the maps obtained in the strain range of 0.2 to 1.0 are fun- damentally similar, indicating that the strain does not have a substantial influence on processing map. The combina- tion of processing map and mierostructural observations indicates that the favorable hot deformation conditions are located in two domains of processing map. The first domain occurs in the temperature range of 980 to 1035 ℃ and strain rate range of 0. 001 to 0.01 s-1 with a peak efficiency of 55%. The second domain appears in the temperature range of 1 120 to 1 180 ℃ and strain rate range of 0.3 to 3 s-1 with peak efficiency of 35%. Compared to other stable domains, the specimens deformed in these two domains exhibit full dynamic recrystallization grains with finer and more uniform sizes. An instability domain occurs at temperatures below 1 100 ℃ and strain rate above 0.1 s-1 , and flow instability is manifested in the form of flow localization.     

双相不锈钢2205铸态组织的热变形研究

研究了工业连铸双相不锈钢2205在不同温度和应变速率下的热变形过程。通过单道次热模拟压缩试验分析了铸态2205流变应力与温度和应变速率的关系,计算出铸态2205的热变形激活能Q=599 kJ/mol,说明铸态2205热加工性能较差。组织分析显示,两相之间变形不协调是相界微裂纹产生的根本原因。     

不锈钢热压变形组织不均匀性的有限元分析与试验

 采用有限元方法对AISI 304钢经1100℃,0.1,1,10s-1的热压变形过程进行了数值模拟,分析了变形试样上等效应变的分布情况,确定了实际变形条件与试验设定条件之间的关系及合理的组织观察位置,研究了不均匀变形对奥氏体显微组织变化的影响。结果表明：不锈钢热压试样变形与组织不均匀性十分明显,心部的等效应变比实际设定值大40％左右,而端面值小于设定值的1/6,且应变速率对等效应变的分布情况影响不大;1100℃,1s-1,设定真应变为1（工程应变为63.2%）的试验条件下,变形试样心部组织发生完全动态再结晶,变形轴线端面位置组织与未变形组织形貌相似,且试样截面上硬度分布不均匀,沿变形轴线方向,硬度从端面到心部逐渐增大,端面硬度最小值为238HV,心部硬度最大值为251HV。     

热轧不锈钢步进梁式加热炉的优化设计

结合不锈钢分公司不锈钢精品基地对热轧不锈钢加热炉工艺需求的研究,论述了加热炉设计技术难点的解决途径及加热炉本体优化设计特点.文章对不锈钢加热炉的综合技术指标实现及加热炉生产运行、炉子热平衡结果进行了分析评述.     

高炉炉料配加热压含碳球团软熔滴落性能的试验研究

 以常用的炼铁原料为基础,系统研究了配加不同比例的热压含碳球团对高炉炉料的软熔滴落性能的影响,并进行了理论分析。研究表明,配加热压含碳球团对高炉综合炉料的软化区间、熔化区间、滴落率和透气性等软熔滴落性能参数有显著的影响。随着热压含碳球团配比的增加,软化区间t40-t4逐渐变宽;熔化区间tD-tS逐渐变窄,熔化开始温度tS逐渐升高,滴落温度tD逐渐降低;滴落率先增加后降低,当配比为40%时,滴落率最高,为6710%;最高压差先下降后升高,但在配加热压含碳球团条件下,炉料的最高压差都有所降低。从综合炉料的软熔滴落性能综合考虑,高炉炉料配加热压含碳球团的适宜配比应为40%~50%。