高铁酸钾的研制与应用实践

以次氯酸盐氧化法制备新型水处理剂高铁酸钾，对其去除ＣＯＤｃｒ和悬浮物的性能进行了研究。对城市污水处理厂初沉池出水以２０ｍｇ／Ｌ进行处理，可去除９０％以上的ＣＯＤｃｒ；对二沉池出水以５ｍｇ／Ｌ进行处理，无需过滤，沉后浊度小于２。     

白酒生产废水处理设计及运行结果

白酒生产过程中产生有机废水,ＣＯＤｃｒ８００ｍｇ／Ｌ,ＳＳ４３０ｍｇ／Ｌ,经氧化沟法工艺处理后,出水ＣＯＤｃｒ〈１００ｍｇ／Ｌ,ＳＳ〈１００ｍｇ／Ｌ。     

活性炭纤维处理有机化工废水的研究

实验表明：活性炭纤维对ＣＯＤＣｒ＝１．２×１０＾５ｍｇ／Ｌ：的有机化工废水具有良好的吸附、分离性能，处理后出水ＣＯＤＣｒ〈１０００ｍｇ／Ｌ，净化效率为９８％以上，活性炭纤维失效后用过热蒸汽再生，可循环使用，再生废用焚烧炉焚烧，不会造成二次污染。本文还对活性炭纤维的吸附机理进行了探讨     

综合法治疗高浓度医药中间体生产废水的研究

采用大孔吸附树脂ＣＨＡ－１１１吸附和厌氧－好氧生物处理－絮凝沉淀法综合治理医药生产废水，使平均ＣＯＤｃｒ为２０２７ｍｇ／Ｌ的废水出水降到１１０ｍｇ／Ｌ，达到太湖流域的工业水排放标准。     

化学沉淀——过滤法处理含锌磷化废水

根据含锌磷化废水特性,以聚合氯化铝为混凝剂,采用化学沉淀———过滤工艺,两级沉淀,分段控制ｐＨ条件。运行结果表明：进水平均ＣＯＤｃｒ１４８．１ｍｇ／Ｌ,ＴＰ４４．４ｍｇ／Ｌ,Ｚｎ８．７ｍｇ／Ｌ,油３２．１ｍｇ／Ｌ,出水平均ＣＯＤｃｒ４２．５ｍｇ／Ｌ,去除率７１．３％,ＴＰ１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ,去除率９７．７％,Ｚｎ０．４ｍｇ／Ｌ、去除率９５．４％,油５．３ｍｇ／Ｌ,去除率８３．５％;处理费用１．４８元／ｔ。     

化学沉淀——过滤法处理含锌磷化废水

根据含锌磷化废水特性,以聚合氯化铝为混凝剂,采用化学沉淀－过滤工艺,两级沉淀,分段控制ｐＨ条件。运行结果表明,进水平均ＣＯＤｃｒ１４８．１ｍｇ／Ｌ,ＴＰ４４．４ｍｇ／Ｌ,Ｚｎ８．７ｍｇ／Ｌ,油３２．１ｍｇ／Ｌ,出水平均ＣＯＤｃｒ４２．５ｍｇ／Ｌ,去除率７１．３％,ＴＰ１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ,去除率为９７．７％,Ｚｎ０．４ｍｇ／Ｌ,去除率９５．４％,油５．３ｍｇ／Ｌ,去除率８３．５％,处理费用１．４８元／ｔ     

微电解-厌氧水解酸化-SBR串联工艺处理制药废水试验研究

采用微电解－厌氧水解酸化－序批式活性污泥法（ＳＢＲ）串联工艺处理化学合成制药废水,试验分别考察了ｐＨ、温度、停留时间以及污泥负荷对整个工艺处理效果的影响。结果表明,原废水ＢＯＤ／ＣＯＤｒ约为０．１３,属难生物降解废水,经微电解－厌氧水解酸化处理后,出水ＢＯＤ／ＣＯＤＣｒ,可达０．６３,可生化性大大提高。维持ＳＢＲ进水ＣＯＤＣｒ在１５００ｍｇ／Ｌ左右,污泥负荷为０．５ｋｇＣＯＤＣｒ／（ｋｇＭＬＳＳ．     

鸟嘌呤生产废水的处理

鸟嘌呤废水具有ＣＯＤｃｒ高达４００００ｍｇ／Ｌ、氨氮含量达２４００ｍｇ／Ｌ,呈强酸性。采用先对工艺废水进行预处理,再用低浓度废水调整水质,然后经水解、接触氧化最终出水的ＣＯＤｃｒ为１３０～１５０ｍｇ／Ｌ,ＮＨ３－Ｎ≤２５ｍｇ／Ｌ。     

络合萃取法处理β-萘磺酸钠工业废水

采用络合萃取法,以ＴＯＡ为萃取剂、煤油为稀释剂处理β－萘磺酸钠工艺废水。结果表明,当ＰＨ＝０．５－１．０,废水：萃取剂：稀释剂＝１００：１０：４０时,废水经二级萃取ＯＣＤｃｒ去经达９８．０％。将二级萃余水相用Ｈ２Ｏ２－Ｆｅ＾２＋氧化后,出水ＣＯＤｃｒ降至１００ｍｇ／Ｌ以下,可达标排放。     

超滤法处理化机浆废水的可行性研究

对超滤法处理化机浆废水进行了研究,结果表明：超滤浓缩液的固形物含量为１８８．９ｇ／Ｌ,燃烧热为１５．５４ｋＪ／ｇ,可以进入硫回收工段。滤过液的ＢＯＤ５／ＣＯＤｃｒ为０．６１,生物可处理性有较大的提高,进行套氧发酵后,过滤过液的ＢＯＤ５和８５ｍｇ／Ｌ,ＣＯｃｒ为２７７ｍｇ／Ｌ,达到ＧＢ３５４４－９２二级排放标准。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。