紫外Ad hoc网络中基于历史的动态公平性避退算法

本文把UV通信与Ad hoc网络相结合,利用Ad hoc网络的多跳特性来克服UV通信距离有限的弱点。为了使UV Ad hoc网络中的各个节点能够公平有效的接入信道,本文在二进制指数退避（Binary Exponential Backoff,BEB）算法的基础上,以提高公平性为目的,提出了一种基于历史的动态公平性避退算法（Uistory-Based Dynamic Fairness Backoff,HDFB）来改善节点接入信道的公平性。仿真结果表明：新算法能有效地改善信道接入的不公平性。     

一种新的紫外光自组织网络的时分多址接入邻居发现算法

为了适应大 规模及拓扑变化较快的紫外光(UV)自组织网络,本文以提高邻居发现概率为目的,提出了一 种基于时分多址接入(TDMA, time division multiple access)的UV定向邻居发现新算法。新算法在DTRA(directional transmission and reception algorithm)协议的基础上采用了退避时延机制, 并通过邻居判断和维护机制让节点快速更新本地邻居表。实验结果表明,新 算法充分考虑了UV大气传输特性,能够有效地解决节点冲突问题,并通过找到一个最佳退避 时延使得节点冲突 概率和邻居发现时延之间达到一个较好的平衡。     

一种用于移动自组织网的多址接入动态时延退避策略

在移动Ad Hoc网络中，信道接入公平性和吞吐率是MAC协议需解决的重要问题，而IEEE802．11等协议采用的二进制指数退避算法BEB难以满足公平性要求。本文提出了一种基于对节点竞争失败次数（无效RTS）进行计数的方法估计信道争用情况，动态地分配退避计数器初值，从而实现移动Ad Hoc网络的公平多址接入。研究表明，该接入方法能够有效地反映源节点特性，接入公平性好，同时在高负荷和低负荷的情况下，都能提高网络吞吐量，提供良好的QoS保障。     

单兵作战系统中信息监听冲突消除技术研究

针对当前单兵作战系统通信网络中所采用的固定分配TDMA算法不能适应大型战场环境和自组织运行需求的问题,提出一种基于消费算法和二叉树时隙分配算法的动态时隙分配TDMA算法,即C-TDMA算法,通过多组载波监听消除接入冲突,在保证延时的基础上使用消费算法控制节点分组发送量,提高信道接入公平性,同时通过二叉树时隙分配算法支持网络分布式运行。仿真结果表明,对于负载较重、传输混合业务且时延敏感的单兵作战系统网络,该算法可以消除接入冲突,提高信道吞吐率。     

基于Ad hoc网络的退避算法研究

在移动Ad hoc网络中,无线信道由多个节点共享,合理协调多个节点访问共享信道的媒体接入控制(MAC,Medium Access Control)协议是移动Ad hoc网络的关键技术之一。退避算法在MAC协议中起着至关重要的作用。针对目前退避算法存在的问题,本文提出了一种改进算法,根据网络节点发送数据包成功与否,预测网络信道空闲或繁忙的趋势,应用趋势合理地调节退避算法中节点发送数据时退避值的大小,并通过Omnet++软件对算法进行了仿真分析对比。     

改进的紫外光通信网络TDMA邻居发现算法

针对节点数较多的紫外光固定拓扑网络,设计了一种基于时分多址接入(Time Division mMultiple Access,TDMA)技术的紫外光帧结构,结合紫外光大气传输特性提出了一种紫外光定向邻居发现算法.仿真对比了该算法和传统算法的性能,并对该算法不同退避延时下的节点发现效率进行了理论分析和仿真验证.     

无线“日盲”紫外光网格网中的定位研究

为了给无线"日盲"紫外光网格网中的接入层和路由层提供更多接入节点的坐标信息,以获得高质量高效率的无线通信效果,采用"三边测量"定位算法在无线"日盲"紫外光网格网中进行节点坐标定位计算,得到了适用于紫外光传输信道下的计算公式,并对此算法进行了仿真。结果表明,当选择合适的收发仰角时,定位误差能够低于0.01km。对于对准精度要求并不苛刻的非视距紫外光通信而言,此算法是可行的。     

一种提高IEEE 802.11吞吐量和公平性的自适应优化算法

该文提出了一种针对IEEE 802.11 DCF网络增强其吞吐量和公平性性能的自适应优化算法,算法基于网络节点侦听信道得到的网络状态信息进行竞争发送的自适应调整以获得最优的网络性能,称之为CSCC(Channel Sensing Contention Control)算法。算法采用了对节点的信道接入请求以概率参数P_T进行过滤的方法控制节点竞争接入信道的激烈程度,其主要特点在于在优化调整过程中不需要进行计算复杂的网络节点数量估计,并且可以在不同网络状态下围绕始终确定的优化目标进行参数优化调整。仿真实验结果表明,算法能够适应不同节点数量和不同数据大小的网络进行自适应的网络优化调整,并获得了系统吞吐量、碰撞概率、延迟、延迟抖动、公平性等多方面的性能改善。     

IEEE 802.11 DCF的一种优化退避算法

为了提升无线网络的整体性能,通过IEEE 802.11 MAC(媒体访问控制)层DCF(分布式协调功能)在基本工作模式下所使用的二进制退避算法和CW(竞争窗口)的大小对网络整体性能的影响进行了分析。采用了增大初始 CW、取消信道从忙碌变为空闲后继续退避需要等待的DIFS (分布式帧间间隔)和设置一个中间值作为阀值使得节点发送失败或成功后采用不同的退避算法进行退避这3种措施来优化DCF方式下的退避机制。经 OPNET仿真验证,改进算法能够有效地降低网络接入时延并能提高网络吞吐量。     

基于机会公平退避的无线传感网MAC协议

在无线传感网SMAC协议的基础上,提出了一种基于机会公平竞争退避机制的媒体接入控制协议(OF-MAC).该机制综合考虑节点当前的吞吐率和节点当前信道状态,引入了新的退避时间的计算方法,能够兼顾无线传感网节点间的公平性和网络吞吐率.实验表明,该方法在节点公平性和网络吞吐率方面都取得了较好的表现,且能够根据需要自由调整两者的性能.该方法只需要在SMAC协议的基础上做简单的改动,易于实现.     

机间紫外光通信网络MAC层分段运行退避算法研究

对飞机编队内部和飞机编队之间的紫外光通信网络工作模式以及相应的MAC层协议进行研究.为保证编队内所有飞机的信息共享与交互,编队内部采用非直视通信NLOS(a)模式;为保证通信距离和质量,编队之间采用NLOS(c)模式进行通信.机间紫外通信组网MAC层协议以原IEEE802.11 DCF协议为基础,对传统二进制指数退避算法进行改进,提出了一种基于分段思想的动态退避算法并进行了仿真研究,仿真结果表明:该算法与传统算法相比具有时延短,吞吐量大的特征,更适用于机间紫外通信网络.     

基于IEEE802.11的星间链路最短接入时延退避算法

为满足空间信息网络低轨卫星用户多址接入骨干中继卫星的访问需求,基于IEEE 802.11机制,提出最短接入时延退避算法（Delay-Optimal Backoff,DOB）,可解决大时空尺度条件下,传统二进制退避算法（Binary Exponential Backoff,BEB）造成的网络平均接入时延高和吞吐量低的问题.根据用户卫星与中继卫星的相对位置特性,设定中继卫星通信窗口,利用通信窗口内不同用户卫星数量时用户接入时延与平均接入请求概率的变化关系,确定最短接入时延条件下用户平均接入请求概率,实现动态调整碰撞窗口大小.研究结果表明,该算法使网络接入时延较BEB算法平均降低了10s,饱和吞吐量提升一倍,归一化业务量阈值比BEB算法增加至0.6,网络多址接入性能显著提高.     

An Efficient Backoff Algorithm for IEEE 802.15.4 Wireless Sensor Networks

IEEE 802.15.4 is one of the most prominent MAC protocol standard designed to achieve low-power, low-cost, and low-rate wireless personal area networks. The contention access period of IEEE 802.15.4 employs carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) algorithm. A long random backoff time causes longer average delay, while a small one gives a high collision rate. In this paper, we propose an efficient backoff algorithm, called EBA-15.4MAC that enhances the performance of slotted CSMA/CA algorithm. EBA-15.4MAC is designed based on two new techniques; firstly, it updates the contention window size based on the probability of collision parameter. Secondly, EBA-15.4MAC resolves the problem of access collision via the deployment of a novel Temporary Backoff (TB) and Next Temporary Backoff (NTB). In this case, the nodes not choose backoff exponent randomly as mentioned in the standard but they select TB and NTB values which can be 10–50 % of the actual backoff delay selected by the node randomly. By using these two new methods, EBA-15.4MAC minimizes the level of collision since the probability of two nodes selecting the same backoff period will be low. To evaluate the performance of EBA-15.4MAC mechanism, the network simulator has been conducted. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme significantly improves the throughput, delivery ratio, power consumption and average delay.     

IEEE 802.11网络中增强的退避算法

IEEE 802.11协议的MAC层通过二进制指数退避算法实现对媒体的争用,该文提出一种增强的退避算法,对网络中的动态站点数进行估计,自适应改变退避算法的竞争窗口,以提高网络的性能。     

一种IEEE 802.16中快速有效的冲突解决算法

IEEE 802.16宽带无线接入系统在其上行媒体接入控制层采用时,分复用和资源竞争与预留的方式进行接入,各用户站(SS)之间存在着竞争与冲突,这将导致系统性能下降。该文针对SS在碰撞以后的冲突解决过程提出了一种快速有效的冲突解决算法动态退避控制(Dynamical Backoff Control,DBC)算法。在该算法中,基站(BS)通过预测下一个上行帧中将会出现的带宽请求报文数,动态地控制SS的退避范围,以增大每帧中成功发送的带宽请求报文数,从而提高MAC层的数据吞吐,降低SS的平均接入延迟。利用OPNET对DBC和二进制指数退避两种算法进行了仿真。仿真结果显示DBC算法对系统性能有一定的改善和提高。     

On MAC optimization for large-scale wireless sensor network

The media access control (MAC) performance of a large-scale wireless sensor network (L-WSN) determines the efficiency of the wireless communication channel. A good MAC protocol could reduce network energy consumption and network delay, which are two problems to be solved urgently in L-WSN. In this paper, we proposed a multi-level integrated MAC protocol (MI-MAC) to solve the overall performance optimization problem of L-WSN. Compared with other protocols, MI-MAC has two mainly improved performances: (1) It improved binary exponential backoff algorithm by twice back off strategy; (2) It designed a sending and receiving algorithm based on the threshold value to recognize control frames (small frames), which effectively avoids the collision probability of data frame. The simulation results show that the MI-MAC protocol improves network throughput and delay performance, significantly reduces energy consumption, and obtains overall network optimization.     

Dynamic tuning of the IEEE 802.11 protocol to achieve a theoreticalthroughput limit

In wireless LANs (WLANs), the medium access control (MAC) protocol is the main element that determines the efficiency in sharing the limited communication bandwidth of the wireless channel. In this paper we focus on the efficiency of the IEEE 802.11 standard for WLANs. Specifically, we analytically derive the average size of the contention window that maximizes the throughput, hereafter theoretical throughput limit, and we show that: 1) depending on the network configuration, the standard can operate very far from the theoretical throughput limit; and 2) an appropriate tuning of the backoff algorithm can drive the IEEE 802.11 protocol close to the theoretical throughput limit. Hence we propose a distributed algorithm that enables each station to tune its backoff algorithm at run-time. The performances of the IEEE 802.11 protocol, enhanced with our algorithm, are extensively investigated by simulation. Specifically, we investigate the sensitiveness of our algorithm to some network configuration parameters (number of active stations, presence of hidden terminals). Our results indicate that the capacity of the enhanced protocol is very close to the theoretical upper bound in all the configurations analyzed     

Performance of Energy-Efficient Cooperative MAC Protocol with Power Backoff in MANETs

This paper presents an energy-efficient cooperative MAC (EECO-MAC) protocol using power control in mobile ad hoc networks. Cooperative communications improve network performance by taking full advantage of the broadcast nature of wireless channels. The power control technique improves the network lifetime by adjusting the transmission power dynamically. We propose the best partnership selection algorithm, which takes energy consumption into consideration for selection of the optimal cooperative helper to join in the transmission. Through exchanging control packets, the optimal transmission power is allocated for senders to transmit data packets to receivers. In order to enhance energy saving, space–time backoff and time–space backoff algorithms are proposed. Simulation results show that EECO-MAC consumes less energy and prolongs the network lifetime compared to IEEE 802.11 DCF and CoopMAC at the cost of delay. Performance improvement offered by our proposed protocol is apparent in congested networks where nodes have low and limited energy.     

紫外光非视距通信的定向媒体接入控制协议

对基于紫外光非视距（NLOS）定向发送全面接收通信方式（MAC）协议进行了研究。首先根据紫外光NLOS通信的特点,推导出NLOS通信覆盖范围方位角的表达式;其次根据紫外NLOS通信时路径损耗特点和方位角表达式,对目前紫外NLOS定向发送全向接收的节点结构设计规则进行改进;然后提出一种基于角度感知的紫外光NLOS通信定向...