粉末冶金法制备过共晶Al-23Si合金的微观组织与力学性能

用Al-3Cu-1Mg-2Fe-23Si合金雾化粉末为原料,采用热压然后热挤压的方法制备Al-3Cu-1Mg-2Fe-23Si过共晶铝合金,利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、万能电子拉伸机等研究该合金的显微组织与力学性能。结果表明:热压坯体中存在大量孔隙,相对密度为91%,抗拉强度为70 MPa,硬度为35HRB;经热挤压后相对密度达到99%,颗粒状硅相均匀弥散分布在基体中,硬度提高到72 HRB;进一步热处理后颗粒状硅相消失,合金硬度为84 HRB,抗拉强度达到219 MPa,断裂方式为脆性断裂。     

烧结气氛与温度对AlCuMgSi合金性能的影响

采用Al-3.8Cu-1.0Mg-0.75Si铝合金粉末,分别在高纯氮气、高纯氩气、高纯氢气和分解氨等4种气氛下烧结,对比研究不同烧结气氛下制备的合金致密度、力学性能、尺寸变化和显微组织等性能。同时研究高纯氮气气氛下烧结温度对合金性能的影响。结果表明,在590℃烧结温度条件下,高纯氮气气氛中烧结的合金性能最佳,密度达2.66 g/cm3、致密度为97.1%,硬度为23 HRB,抗拉强度为205 MPa,尺寸收缩率为1.65%;高纯氢气中烧结的合金密度、硬度及强度都最低,抗拉强度为96 MPa,屈服强度只有74 MPa,合金组织中存在大量孔隙。随烧结温度升高,烧结坯中的液相逐渐增多,使合金烧结密度增大,强度提高,在590℃烧结的合金抗拉强度最高,为205 MPa;610℃烧结时产生过烧现象,元素偏析严重,合金性能下降。     

含油轴承用FeCu预合金粉末制备及烧结性能研究

利用扩散法制备了Fe-20Cu-1.2C预合金粉末,与相同成分的混合粉及国外进口粉进行对比,采用X射线衍射(XRD)测定扩散粉及国外粉的物相组成,采用扫描电镜(SEM)观察合金粉末的微观形貌,采用能谱仪(EDS)观察Cu元素分布情况,并制备含油轴承标准试样,研究3种原料制备的含油轴承的显微组织与烧结性能。结果表明:相较于混合粉及国外粉,扩散粉综合性能较好,流动性为35.03 s·(50 g)~(-1),氧含量为0.31%;3种粉末中,扩散粉Cu元素分布相对均匀;相较于混合粉及国外粉,利用扩散粉制备的含油轴承显微组织中Cu分布更加均匀,相同成型密度条件下,扩散粉的烧结尺寸变化率小,径向烧结尺寸变化率为-0.057%,轴向烧结尺寸变化率为-0.191%,硬度为HRB 35.6,压溃强度为324.7 MPa,与国外粉性能相当。     

La、Ce混合稀土对Al-0.75Mg-0.6Si合金组织性能的影响

采用金相显微镜、涡流导电仪和拉伸试验机,研究了La、Ce混合稀土对Al-0.75Mg-0.6Si合金组织、导电性能和力学性能的影响.结果表明:添加微量的La、Ce混合稀土对Al-0.75Mg-0.6Si合金可起到晶粒细化和净化作用,提高Al-0.75Mg-0.6Si合金的导电性能和力学性能.随着La、Ce混合稀土添加量的增加,Al-0.75Mg-0.6Si合金铸态组织晶粒逐渐被细化,电导率、抗拉强度和伸长率逐渐提高.当La、Ce混合稀土添加量为0.5!时,Al-0.75Mg-0.6Si合金的电导率为55.7!IACS,抗拉强度和伸长率分别为236 MPa和16.7!,与未添加La、Ce混合稀土相比,Al-0.75Mg-0.6Si合金的电导率提高了5.69!,抗拉强度和伸长率分别提高了11.32!和15.17!.     

石墨对Cu-12Al-6Ni粉末合金组织和性能影响

研究了石墨的添加对Cu-12Al-6Ni粉末合金组织和性能影响。结果表明：随着石墨含量增加,合金中的孔隙、Al4Cu9和NiAl相逐渐增多;合金的烧结密度、硬度和抗拉强度随着石墨的增加逐渐减小,而合金的摩擦因数和磨损量都先增大后减小,当石墨含量为0.5%时磨损达到最大,当石墨含量为1%时摩擦因数达到最大,当石墨添加2%时,磨损量比不添加石墨合金降低了约32%。     

Cu含量对汽车车身板用Al-1.0Mg-1.0Si-0.6Mn合金显微组织的影响

采用金相、SEM/EDS、XRD等研究了Cu含量对汽车车身用Al-1.0Mg-1.0Si-0.6Mn(in wt.%)铝合金结晶相及合金板材晶粒的影响规律.结果表明:Al-1.0Mg-1.0Si-(0.1~0.7)Cu-0.6Mn合金中主要存在部分可溶的浅灰色不规则条块状Al8(FeMn)2Si和黑色条块状或骨骼状结晶相Mg2Si,及完全可溶的球状或椭球状主要含Al1.9CuMg4.1Si3.3多相共晶产物;随着Cu含量增加,铸态合金中主要含Al1.9CuMg4.1Si3.3的共晶产物数量逐渐增多,而Mg2Si和Al8(FeMn)2Si结晶相变化不明显;同时,固溶后合金板材的再结晶晶粒变得越来越细,尽管Cu含量对合金冷轧板的晶粒尺寸影响不明显.     

采用氢化钛粉制备Ti-6Al-4V合金

研究了以氢化钛粉和Al-V合金粉为原料，采用粉末冶金方法，在真空炉中脱氢烧结一次完成的生产工艺，制备了Ti-6Al-4V合金．其合金性能为：烧结密度4．4g／cm^3，抗拉强度854．89MPa，延伸率3.8％，达到国外相同水平．该方法简化了钛粉制备工艺，有利于降低最终产品杂质含量和节能．     

放电等离子烧结制备Cu-15Cr-15W复合材料北大核心

采用高能球磨和机械混粉等方法分别制备了3种Cu-15Cr-15W复合粉末,然后通过放电等离子烧结(SPS)制备了Cu-15Cr-15W合金。研究了不同混粉工艺对合金微观组织、物理与力学性能的影响。结果表明:采用高能球磨Cr、W粉末后机械混合Cu粉而制备的Cu-15Cr-15W复合粉末经SPS烧结所得铜合金的组织细小均匀,致密度99.3%,电导率2.95×107S/m,热导率212.0 W/(m·K),维氏硬度152HV0.5,抗拉强度和伸长率分别365 MPa和11.5%,各项性能均优于相同SPS工艺制备的Cu-30Cr合金。     

放电等离子烧结制备Cu-15Cr-15W复合材料

采用高能球磨和机械混粉等方法分别制备了3种Cu-15Cr-15W复合粉末,然后通过放电等离子烧结(SPS)制备了Cu-15Cr-15W合金。研究了不同混粉工艺对合金微观组织、物理与力学性能的影响。结果表明:采用高能球磨Cr、W粉末后机械混合Cu粉而制备的Cu-15Cr-15W复合粉末经SPS烧结所得铜合金的组织细小均匀,致密度99.3%,电导率2.95×107S/m,热导率212.0 W/(m·K),维氏硬度152HV0.5,抗拉强度和伸长率分别365 MPa和11.5%,各项性能均优于相同SPS工艺制备的Cu-30Cr合金。     

Mn含量对Cu-Mn合金结构与性能的影响

基于Cu-Mn中间层可改善Cu与CuCrZr合金的连接性能,采用高能球磨法制备Cu-Mn合金粉末,研究烧结温度为650~850℃、Mn含量(质量分数)为10%~50%的Cu-Mn合金的烧结性能。结果表明:随Mn含量增加,Cu-Mn合金的相对密度和抗拉强度先增大后减小,但Mn含量过高时生成较多的Mn O,导致合金性能下降;随烧结温度升高,合金的相对密度和抗拉强度增大。850℃下烧结的67Cu-33Mn合金孔隙较小、组织均匀,其相对密度和抗拉强度均达到最大值,分别为91.62%和610.91 MPa,表明67Cu-33Mn合金具有最佳的烧结活性,宜作为Cu与CuCrZr合金连接的中间层。     

Nb含量对GH4169合金组织和拉伸性能的影响

采用真空感应熔炼、锻造、轧制、热处理等工艺得到Nb元素含量分别为4.99%、5.13%、5.34%、5.50%的四种GH4169合金,研究了Nb元素含量对GH4169合金组织和拉伸性能的影响。结果表明:随着Nb元素含量的增加,GH4169合金两组室温屈服强度和抗拉强度的均值分别由1124.5 MPa和1402 MPa提高至1152.5 MPa和1489 MPa,两组650℃屈服强度和抗拉强度的均值分别由867.5 MPa和1035 MPa提高至975.0 MPa和1105 MPa,室温拉伸塑性略有降低,但650℃拉伸塑性几乎无变化,说明Nb元素含量的增加促进了主要强化相γ″的析出和长大,同时金相观察表明同样促进了晶界δ相的析出。     

石墨烯化学镀铜及其对石墨烯/铜基复合材料组织性能的影响

以还原氧化石墨烯（reduced graphene oxide,RGO）和CuSO₄·5H₂O为主要原料,通过化学镀法得到铜包覆RGO复合粉体,再与铜粉混合得到含有不同质量分数RGO（0.2%、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%）的RGO/Cu粉末混合料,经压制及烧结得到RGO/Cu复合材料。通过X射线衍射仪（X-ray diffraction,XRD）、拉曼光谱仪（Raman spectroscopy,RS）和场发射扫描电镜（field emission scanning electron microscope,FESEM）等对RGO/Cu复合材料的微观组织和相关性能进行测试分析,并与由未镀铜处理的RGO所制备的RGO/Cu复合材料的组织性能进行对比。结果表明,经化学镀处理的RGO在RGO/Cu复合材料中分布较均匀,而未镀铜处理的RGO在基体中发生明显的团聚。RGO/Cu复合材料的导电导热性随石墨烯加入量的增加有所下降,但石墨烯的加入可有效提高RGO/Cu复合材料的力学性能,且由镀铜RGO所制备的RGO/Cu复合材料的性能要优于由未处理RGO所制备的RGO/Cu复合材料的性能。此外,RGO加入量对复合材料性能也有明显影响,当添加RGO质量分数为0.4%时,由镀铜RGO所制备的RGO/Cu复合材料的综合性能达到最好,其电导率达95.01% IACS,热导率达415.5W·（m·K）-1,而压缩屈服强度和抗拉强度分别为156.73 MPa和268.62 MPa,较相同工艺条件制备的纯铜的屈服强度（75 MPa）和抗拉强度（234.64 MPa）提升了109%和14.48%。     

90W-7Ni-3Cu重合金真空热处理的研究

研究了真空热处理温度和时间对90W-7Ni-3Cu重合金机械性能的影响以及合金氢含量与机械性能的关系。表明:真空热处理可以降低合金的氢含量,改善其性能,当合金氢含量由7.3ppm降至3.6ppm时,其极限抗拉强度提高18%,延伸率提高近3倍。     

Al-3B变质对铸造Al-10Si合金显微组织与力学性能的影响

采用Al-3B对铸造Al-10Si合金进行了变质处理,运用非平衡相图和杠杆定律分析了变质处理Al-10Si合金显微组织变化规律,研究了变质处理对合金力学性能的影响.研究表明,Al-3B变质处理使铸造Al-10Si合金的凝固过冷度减小;当变质温度一定时,随着Al-3B加入量增加,铸造Al-10Si合金组织中初生α-Al相...     

Mechanical Properties and Fracture Behavior of Cu-Co-Be Alloy after Plastic Deformation and Heat Treatment

Mechanical properties and fracture behavior of Cu-0.84Co-0.23 Be alloy after plastic deformation and heat treatment were comparatively investigated.Severe plastic deformation by hot extrusion and cold drawing was adopted to induce large plastic strain of Cu-0.84Co-0.23 Be alloy.The tensile strength and elongation are up to 476.6 MPa and 18%,respectively.The fractured surface consists of deep dimples and micro-voids.Due to the formation of supersaturated solid solution on the Cu matrix by solution treatment at 950℃for 1h,the tensile strength decreased to271.9 MPa,while the elongation increased to 42%.The fracture morphology is parabolic dimple.Furthermore,the tensile strength increased significantly to 580.2 MPa after aging at 480℃ for 4h.During the aging process,a large number of precipitates formed and distributed on the Cu matrix.The fracture feature of aged specimens with low elongation(4.6%) exhibits an obvious brittle intergranular fracture.It is confirmed that the mechanical properties and fracture behavior are dominated by the microstructure characteristics of Cu-0.84Co-0.23 Be alloy after plastic deformation and heat treatment.In addition,the fracture behavior at 450 ℃ of aged Cu-0.84Co-0.23 Be alloy was also studied.The tensile strength and elongation are 383.6 MPa and 11.2%,respectively.The fractured morphologies are mainly candy-shaped with partial parabolic dimples and equiaxed dimples.The fracture mode is multi-mixed mechanism that brittle intergranular fracture plays a dominant role and ductile fracture is secondary.     

Effect of Cu infiltration on static and dynamic properties of PM steels

Abstract

Performance improvement that can be achieved by Cu infiltration is quantified in this paper. Tensile and fatigue properties of a Fe–2·0Cu–0·7C powder metallurgy steel were compared to the same alloy infiltrated with 8 wt-%Cu. Microstructural characterisation, using optical and electron microscopies, was carried out to understand the effect of Cu infiltration on mechanical properties. Cu infiltration improves the ultimate tensile strength by 40% by increasing the load bearing structure, decreasing the stress concentrations associated to open porosity and increasing the hardness of the steel matrix. Fractographic observations show the evidence of stress transmission from the sinternecks to the steel particles due to infiltrated Cu. The beneficial effect of Cu infiltration is less pronounced for the fatigue properties as the endurance limit is increased by 10%. This lower improvement is explained by crack initiating at the Cu/steel matrix interface.     

粉末冶金铜铁合金的组织与性能

分别以元素混合粉、机械合金化粉和水气联合雾化合金粉为原料,结合冷等静压成形、烧结及轧制工艺制备了Cu?5％Fe合金(质量分数),对比了三种原料粉的铜铁合金粉末形貌、微观组织、力学性能及物理性能.结果表明,铁颗粒分布均匀,元素混合、机械合金化和水气联合雾化法粉末烧结体中铁颗粒平均尺寸分别为9.4μm、1.2μm、3.5μ...     

A1-Si-Cu合金低温力学性能的研究

主要以Al-Si-Cu合金为研究对象,研究了低温变化对锶变质后的Al-Si-Cu合金组织及性能的影响。变质处理后的Al-si-Cu合金的抗拉强度和屈服强度随温度的降低均升高,同时伸长率和断面收缩率随温度的降低也略有上升。通过对Al-si-Cu合金金相观察,加入Sr元素后,合金的组织得到显著细化。变质后的Al-si-Cu合金在低温下具有更好的力学性能。     

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The influence of Nb on tensile properties at room temperature and 650?? as well as the effects of Nb on stress rupture properties at 650??/690MPa of GH4169 alloy with standard heat treatment (STD) and direct aging heat treatment (DA) were investigated. Microstructure and thermodynamic calculation were also undertaken. The results show that as Nb content increases from 5??2% to 5??4% (mass percent), the mass fraction of strengthening phases in the alloy as DA increases, and the strength also improves obviously at room temperature and 650?? while the strength decreases when Nb content reaches 5??6%. At the same solution temperature, the increase of Nb content will promote the mass fraction of ?? phase in the alloy as STD, but the effect on the mass fraction of strengthening phases is not so apparent as the DA state, and the extent of strength promotion is small. The stress rupture life of the alloy as DA improves with the increasing of Nb content, and remains nearly unchanged after Nb content reaches 5??6%. Whereas when Nb content rises to 5??6%, the change of ?? phase??s amount and morphology in the alloy as STD may result in significant decrease of the stress rupture life.