一种新型无人机高分SAR 信号非均匀混合采样技术

无人机高分辨合成孔径雷达(SAR)系统具有较大的信号频率带宽,根据奈奎斯特采样定律,雷达接收机需要超高速采样的ADC芯片。由于超高速采样率的ADC芯片的采样量化位数较低、功耗较高、成本昂贵,直接采用超高速采样ADC芯片对无人机高分辨率SAR回波信号进行采样接收不是最优方法。文中提出一种新型的非均匀混合采样技术用于对无人机高分辨率SAR回波信号进行采样接收,通过优化无人机SAR系统的信号收发时序,利用325 Msps采样率的ADC芯片即可对频率带宽为2 GHz的雷达回波信号进行采样接收,保证雷达回波的相位扰动与旁瓣电平满足应用需求。仿真实验表明:2 GHz带宽的Ku-SAR系统的回波信号能被采样率为325 Msps的ADC芯片完好采样接收,成像分辨率优于0. 2 m,旁瓣电平控制在-13 dB以下。     

一种超宽带等效采样接收机的设计与实现

脉冲超宽带雷达回波信号由于带宽大而难以直接采样,通常采用等效时间采样方法来进行模数转换。传统的等效采样接收机大都是基于改变ADC采样时钟的时延来实现等效采样,采样时钟对触发信号会产生亚稳态时序,不可避免地会出现数据误对齐,必须添加辅助的在线或离线校正设计。针对这一问题,设计了一种基于FPGA内置延迟线的超宽带等效采样接收机,FPGA产生延时可调的发射触发信号去控制波形产生系统,基于高速采样保持器和ADC完成回波接收,实现了超宽带射频信号的等效采样,而无数据误对齐问题。接收机的等效采样速率为12.8GS/s,-3dB采样带宽为6.4GHz,满足脉冲超宽带雷达的应用需求。     

新型超宽带探地雷达数字采样接收机设计

基于探地雷达应用,结合等效时间采样技术和实时采样技术的优点,提出了一种新的超宽带等效数字采样技术。该采样技术不需要采用集成模数转换(A/D),而是通过对模拟信号进行1比特并行时间交替采样和均匀量化来实现模数转换的功能。基于该技术思想,利用一片现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)研制出具有等效4.096GHz采样率、7位精度模数转换功能的超带宽探地雷达数字采样接收机。电路结构紧凑,功耗低于1.5W.实测结果表明:该接收机的模拟带宽达500MHz,具有很低的量化噪声,能很好的重构输入信号。同时,该接收机具有很好的性能,能满足超宽带探地雷达的要求。     

IR-UWB数字相干接收机的硬件电路设计

在超宽带信号的接收中,相干接收比非相干接收拥有更高的分辨率,能充分发挥超宽带信号定位精度高等优点.相干接收机对UWB信号进行高速采样后再处理,采样的速度和精度是限制UWB相干接收机测距精度的主要因素.本文设计并实现了IR-UWB的数字相干接收机,接收机采用高速采样芯片ADC08D1000对脉冲超宽带（IR-UWB）信号进行双通道交织采样,然后使用FPGA对采样数据进行降速处理.测试结果证明,本文设计的接收机能准确捕获到脉宽为1 ns的UWB信号.     

一种可扩充超宽带数字接收机的设计与实现

本文针对当前雷达、电子战和通信等电子装备的超大规模、多功能一体化等要求,设计了一种2-18GHz可扩充超宽带数字接收机。硬件系统由硅基封装模拟SiP、超宽带数字采集模块、频率源等组成,实现了2-18GHz宽频段信号的低噪声接收、混频以及中频数字化处理。采用射频前端片式集成和数字前端刀片式集成相结合的方式,使整个超宽带接收系统处于天线包络之内,实现单元级数字化的同时,满足密布阵可扩充的能力。样机测试结果表明,接收机的瞬时带宽为1GHz,动态范围优于48db。     

DC-10 GHz数字瞬时测频接收机设计

在射频前端宽开的条件下,为了实现DC-10GHz带宽范围内的信号频率瞬时测量,采用基于多速率欠采样信号处理的超宽带数字测频接收机方案设计,并运用Matlab对三个不同采样率情况下的频率求解算法进行仿真。算法仿真结果显示：当输入信号的信噪比为0dB、每个采样通道对应的FFT运算点数均为1 024时,测频精度可达±3 MHz,测频出错的概率小于3×10-5。克服了直接运用奈奎斯特采样进行DC-10GHz信号频率瞬时测量的困难。     

一种超宽带零中频接收机的设计与实现

针对雷达、电子战和通信等多功能一体化探测要求,设计了一种基于零中频架构的0.3～18 GHz超宽带接收机。硬件系统由宽带数字接收机、超宽带模拟解调器和超宽带频率源组成,实现了0.3～2 GHz频段信号的直接数字化接收和2～18 GHz频段信号的模拟正交解调。给出了FPGA软件处理流程,采用了基于镜像功率检测方法对I/Q支路进行时延误差校正,采用了基于矩阵求逆最小方差法对I/Q支路进行幅相误差校正。样机测试结果表明,接收机的最大瞬时带宽为4 GHz,校正后的镜像抑制度超过50 dB。     

基于高速ADC和FPGA的IR-UWB相干接收机设计

为了探索超宽带(UWB)技术的空间应用,设计了一款脉冲无线超宽带(IR-UWB)的全数字化相干接收机。本系统利用高速采样芯片ADC08D1000对IR-UWB信号进行双通道交织采样,接下来利用Xilinx FPGA对采样数据进行降速处理。按照二分搜索、相干捕获、脉冲跟踪的方案进行接收系统设计,并对该接收机进行了实际测试。最终实现了1 ns脉宽的IR-UWB信号的正确接收和1 Mb/s码速率的OOK编码通信。     

基于VPX的超宽带数字综合系统设计与实现

针对目前超宽带雷达系统的带宽及数据量较大、采样率高、结构复杂等问题,文中设计了一套数字综合系统。该系统采用VPX标准架构进行高集成度的模块化、轻小型化设计。以Windows系统的计算机板卡为中控,各模块基于FPGA进行设计,分别实现超宽带信号产生、超宽带信号采集、高速大容量存储。实验结果表明,所提设计在6U 6槽机箱中实现了两个独立通道的3.6 GHz带宽基带信号产生与视频信号采集,以及24 TB容量、存储速度达3.1 GB/s的数据存储,为超宽带雷达系统的数字化设计提供了有效的解决方案。     

基于多级信道化的超宽带搜索接收机设计与实现

针对大瞬时带宽和高频率分辨率的实时侦察需求,联合采用模拟信道化和数字信道化技术完成了超宽带信号搜索接收机的设计与实现,并重点讨论了数字信道化接收机的高速FPGA数字系统设计.数字没计中,充分考虑了高速数据的可靠接收以及片内数字处理速度和资源的优化配置,确保系统良好的性能.实现和测试结果表明接收机性能稳定,能够完成大瞬时带宽内的无线电信号搜索任务.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.