WC-Co硬质合金刀具的放电等离子热压烧结工艺与性能研究

研究WC-CO硬质合金的放电等离子热压烧结,采用阿基米德法、扫描电镜、万能试验机和维氏硬度法测试了硬质合金结构和性能。结果表明,随着烧结温度提高,WC硬质合金致密化程度越高,烧结温度1 300℃后晶粒长大且不均匀。烧结温度1 300℃前相对密度随烧结温度提高显著增加,1 300℃后相对密度变化不大。WC硬质合金抗弯强度随烧结温度提高先增加后减小,1 300℃时达到1 920 MPa。烧结温度1 200℃和1 250℃时断裂韧性分别为8.1 MPa·m~(1/2)和9.6 MPa·m~(1/2),烧结温度1 300℃时迅速增加到10.4 MPa·m~(1/2)。     

纳米Cu粉末的放电等离子烧结

利用放电等离子烧结装置考察了纳米铜粉坯体的升温过程,研究了烧结速度和烧结温度对烧结等效电阻、烧结体相对密度及晶粒尺寸的影响。结果表明：在烧结过程中存在着最佳的烧结速度,当烧结速度为150℃／min时,样品致密度达到峰值88％左右,晶粒的平均尺寸接近200nm,且烧结的等效电阻随升温速度的增加而降低;纳米Cu粉末在250℃时开始烧结成块,随烧结温度提高,烧结致密度不断提高,电阻降低;但是当升温速度过快,烧结温度过高时,出现反致密化现象。     

烧结工艺对纳米WC/MgO复合材料性能的影响

利用高能球磨法和放电等离子烧结技术制备了纳米WC/MgO复合材料,研究了烧结温度和烧结压力对WC-8wt%MgO复合材料密度、硬度和断裂韧性的影响.结果表明,烧结温度过低,试样的致密度差;烧结温度过高,晶粒快速长大,使得复合材料性能降低;烧结压力越大,复合材料的致密度越高,硬度和断裂韧性越好.最佳烧结工艺是烧结温度1650℃,烧结压力70 MPa,获得了该复合块体材料的最佳性能组合.     

放电等离子烧结纳米硬质合金的研究

采用放电等离子烧结 (SPS)和普通真空烧结两种烧结工艺烧结 92WC - 8Co纳米硬质合金。放电等离子烧结 ,在 115 0℃的烧结温度、4.5kN压力下保温 5min ,烧结体就完全致密 ,其合金中的WC晶粒度小于 2 0 0nm ,硬度可达到 94.2HRA。真空烧结达到完全致密 ,烧结温度需 140 0℃ ,保温时间 30min ,WC晶粒度为 (30 0 40 0 )nm ,硬度最高为 93HRA。结果表明 :放电等离子烧结硬质合金的温度显著降低 ,烧结时间大大缩短 ,有效地抑制了WC晶粒的长大。SPS还显著降低微孔等缺陷 ,制品性能也大大提高。     

WC-7Co硬质合金放电等离子烧结工艺

采用放电等离子烧结(spark plasma sintering,SPS)技术制取WC-7Co硬质合金。研究了烧结温度、烧结压力对烧结WC-7Co硬质合金力学性能的影响,探讨了最佳烧结热压比,分析了粉末烧结致密化过程和晶粒长大机制。结果表明,WC-7Co硬质合金在1150℃烧结时,随着压力的增加,烧结致密性呈现先增加后降低的变化趋势,在30 MPa时可获得最佳烧结致密性。在升温速率为100℃/min,保温时间为5 min,烧结温度为1150℃,热压比为38℃/MPa的工艺条件下,利用SPS技术可制备组织致密、综合力学性能良好的WC-7Co硬质合金。     

放电等离子烧结Nd—Fe—B过程特征

研究了不同烧结温度下,放电等离子烧结的Nd-Fe-B永磁体在烧结过程中样品收缩量随温度的变化,讨论了提高样品密度的措施.放电等离子烧结的Nd-Fe-B永磁体晶粒细小且均匀,晶粒平均尺寸为3.8 μm,为一般传统粉末烧结制备Nd-Fe-B磁体晶粒尺寸的1/4.     

放电等离子烧结氧化锆陶瓷的工艺优化及性能

采用放电等离子烧结制备了氧化锆陶瓷,利用正交试验方法优化了烧结工艺参数,研究了烧结温度、时间、压力等工艺参数对其组织和性能的影响。结果表明,影响氧化锆陶瓷强韧性能的主要因素是烧结温度,其次是烧结时间;最佳放电等离子烧结工艺参数为烧结温度1400 ℃、烧结时间5 min、烧结压力15 MPa;经最佳SPS工艺烧结后的氧化锆陶瓷,其组织为均匀单一的四方相氧化锆,致密度为95.9%、硬度1332 HV0.5、断裂韧性为5.18 MPa·m^0..5。     

放电等离子烧结温度对ZK61镁合金组织及力学性能的影响北大核心CSCD

以ZK61合金粉末为原料,通过放电等离子烧结的方法制备了ZK61生物镁合金块体,研究了不同烧结温度对合金块体微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:制备出的ZK61合金块体内部结构致密,组织分布均匀,晶粒细小,块体致密度随烧结温度逐渐提高,在520℃时达到99.24%;随着烧结温度的升高,粉末颗粒间原子扩散作用增强,ZK61合金块体的力学性能也逐渐提高,在烧结温度为520℃时综合性能最好,其中显微硬度由370℃时的69.2 HV增加到79.3 HV,抗压强度和抗弯强度也获得最大值,分别为304 MPa和94.7 MPa,压缩率逐渐变大,韧性提高。     

烧结温度对振荡压力烧结工艺制备高性能氧化锆陶瓷的影响

采用新型振荡压力烧结技术制备了高性能氧化锆陶瓷,并系统研究了该工艺中烧结温度对于氧化锆陶瓷中致密度、晶粒尺寸、微观结构以及力学性能的影响。结果表明:在振荡压力烧结工艺下,随着烧结温度的提高,氧化锆试样致密度变化不明显,但晶粒尺寸不断增加,试样表面均几乎无气孔。当目标温度达到1300℃时,氧化锆陶瓷的硬度和抗弯强度均最大,分别为16.6 GPa和1455 MPa。相比常压和热压烧结工艺,振荡压力的引入明显降低了氧化锆陶瓷的致密化温度,且获得了更高的力学强度和断裂可靠性。     

烧结温度对M3∶2高速钢SPS烧结组织和性能的影响

采用放电等离子烧结技术(SPS)制备了M3∶2粉末冶金高速钢,研究了SPS烧结M3∶2粉末冶金高速钢最佳烧结温度、显微组织与性能.通过实验得到以10℃/min的速率升到1200℃时高速钢的连续升温烧结曲线,分析在此烧结实验下的烧结过程,进而确定烧结温度范围.在此范围内的不同温度下烧结试样,根据试样密度、硬度、相对密度和显微组织确定M3∶2粉末高速钢最佳烧结温度.结果表明:在烧结温度900℃、保温时间10min、压力30 MPa工艺下,SPS烧结的M3∶2粉末冶金高速钢,其显微组织均匀、晶粒细小、无碳化物偏析,相对密度达98.17％,硬度达63.37 HRC.     

Change in relative density of WC-Co cemented carbides in spark plasma sintering process

The relative density of WC-Co cemented carbides during spark plasma sintering (SPS) was analyzed.Based on the change in displacement of the ram in the SPS system,the relative densities in the sintering process can be achieved at different temperatures.The results indicated that densification of the samples started at near 900℃,the density rapidly reached its maximum at the increasing temperature stage,in which the temperature was lower than the sintering temperature of 1200℃,and most of the densification took place in the stage.Besides,the theoretcal values were consistent with the experimental results.     

Preparation of ultrafine WC-Co cermets by combining pretreatment and consolidation with spark plasma sintering

Ultrafine-grained WC-Co bulk materials were prepared by a new method that contains pretreatrnent of the milled powder mixture and sub-sequent spark plasma sintering (SPS). Ball milling parameters and the pretreatment temperature have significant effects on the microstructure and properties of WC-Co cermets. The prepared cermets have a mean grain size of less than 0.5 μm even with a pretreatment temperature as high as 1300℃. The WC-10wt.%Co cermet bulk prepared by the optimized milling, pretreatment, and SPS processing achieves excellent mechanical properties with a Vickers hardness of HV 1643, a fracture toughness of 13.1 MPa-m1/2and a transverse rapture strength of 3100 MPa.     

Comparison of sintering behavior and mechanical properties between WC−8Co and WC−8Ni hard materials produced by high-frequency induction heating sintering

The sintering behavior and mechanical properties of WC-Co and WC-Ni hard materials produced by high-frequency induction-heating sintering (HFIHS) were compared using ultra fine WC, WC-Co, and WC-Ni powders. HFIHS allows very quick densification to near theoretical density and prohibits grain growth in nano-structured materials. Highly dense WC, WC-Co, and WC-Ni with a relative density of up to 99.2% could be obtained with simultaneous application of 60 MPa pressure and induced current within 2 min without significant change in grain size. The hardness and fracture toughness of the dense WC, WC-Co, and WC-Ni composites produced by HFIHS were also investigated.     

Rapid sintering of ultra fine WC and WC-Co hard materials by high-frequency induction heated sintering and their mechanical properties

Using a high-frequency induction heated sintering (HFIHS) method, the densification of binderless WC and WC-x wt.%Co (x=8, 10, 12) hard materials were accomplished using an ultra fine powder of WC and WC-Co. The advantages of this process are that it allows very quick densification close to the theoretical density and prohibits grain growth in nano-structured materials. Nearly fully dense WC and WC-Co with a relative density of up to 99.9% could be obtained with a simultaneous application of 60 MPa pressure and induced current (within 2 min) without a significant change in grain size. The average grain size of WC was approximately 270 nm for WC-x wt.%Co. The hardness and fracture toughness of the dense WC and WC-Co composites produced by HFIHS were investigated.     

Consolidation and properties of binderless sub-micron tungsten carbide by field-activated sintering

The rapid sintering of nano-structured WC hard materials in a short time is introduced with a focus on the manufacturing potential of this spark plasma sintering process. The advantage of this process allows very quick densification to near theoretical density and prohibition of grain growth in nano-structured materials. A dense pure WC hard material with a relative density of up to 97.6% was produced with simultaneous application of 60 MPa pressure and electric current of 2800 A within 2 min. A larger current caused a higher rate of temperature increase and therefore a higher densification rate of the WC powder. The finer the initial WC powder size the higher is the density and the better are the mechanical properties. The fracture toughness and hardness values obtained were 6.6 MPa m^1/2 and 2480 kg/mm², respectively under 60 MPa pressure and 2800 A using 0.4 μm WC powder.     

Effects of (Ti,W)C Addition on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ultrafine WC-Co Tool Materials Prepared by Spark Plasma Sintering

In this study, powder mixtures containing (Ti, W)C additions (10, 20, 30 and 40 wt%) were prepared and then consolidated at 1200, 1250, 1300 and 1350 °C by spark plasma sintering. The effect of (Ti, W)C additions on the microstructure and mechanical properties of ultrafine WC-Co materials was investigated. The results demonstrate that the (Ti, W)C not only retards the sintering densification but also increases the porosity of sintered samples. The increasing sintering temperature is beneficial to the densification but results in the grain coarsening and the dissolution of W in (Ti, W)C. Moreover, there are no (Ti, W)C grains with obvious core/rim structure in the microstructure. With the (Ti, W)C increasing from 10 to 20 wt%, the hardness increases and fracture toughness changes hardly. However, the hardness and fracture toughness decrease slightly as the (Ti, W)C further increases. The transgranular fracture of (Ti, W)C phases is responsible for the slight reduction in fracture toughness. The sample with 20 wt% (Ti, W)C has high hardness and fracture toughness (H_V: 21.3 GPa, K_IC: 9.8 MPa m ^1/2).     

SPS反应烧结HfB2复合材料的制备和性能

针对HfB2陶瓷材料难烧结和韧性差等问题,选择ZrC粉、Si粉和C粉为烧结助剂,借助ZrC-Si-C间的原位反应生成ZrSi2和SiC,促进HfB2陶瓷的烧结,并提高HfB2陶瓷的综合力学性能。结果表明,HfB2与烧结助剂的混合粉体经放电等离子烧结(SPS)在1600℃保温10 min和40 MPa的压力条件下制备出相对密度为96.6 1%的HfB2-ZrSi2-SiC复合材料,所制样品的硬度、抗弯强度和断裂韧性均随着烧结助剂ZrC-Si-C含量的增加呈现先上升后降低的趋势。当ZrC-Si-C添加量为10%时所制备样品的综合力学性能最好,其硬度值为26.80±1.2 GPa、抗弯强度为504±40 MPa、断裂韧性值为4.66±0.21 MPa·m1/2。     

放电等离子烧结CuIn5合金的工艺优化

采用正交试验法确定了CuIn₅合金放电等离子烧结(SPS)的最佳工艺参数,研究了烧结温度、烧结时间、烧结压力对CuIn₅合金的致密度、硬度和导电性能的影响。结果表明:影响CuIn₅合金致密度和硬度的主要因素均为烧结温度,其次为烧结压力,烧结时间的影响最小;影响CuIn₅合金电导率的主要因素为烧结温度,其次为烧结时间和烧结压力。利用SPS技术制备CuIn₅合金的最佳工艺为烧结温度850 ℃,烧结时间5 min,烧结压力50 MPa。采用最佳工艺制备的CuIn₅合金组织均匀致密,In固溶于Cu中形成固溶体,其晶格常数为0.362 865 nm,晶格畸变率为0.38%,致密度为99.56%,显微硬度为136.3 HV0.1,导电率为37.86%IACS。     

SPS烧结WC-5%Co纳米复合粉硬质合金

采用喷雾干燥、流态化床化学转化法生产的WC-5%Co纳米复合粉为原料,研究了放电等离子体烧结(SPS)对超细硬质合金显微结构和性能的影响,同时对SPS烧结、低压烧结、真空烧结等三种工艺进行了比较。结果表明:采用SPS烧结可以在较低的温度下实现超细硬质合金的固相烧结,使合金快速致密化,当1170℃保温6min、压力为50MPa时合金可以获得最好的力学性能;其显微硬度HV30、抗弯强度、断裂韧性分别为1870、3230MPa、10.96MPa/m1/2。低压烧结可促进颗粒在液相中重排,硬质合金压坯经8MPa、1410℃、保温45min烧结,也可以获得比较好的力学性能;而传统真空烧结,合金孔隙度比较高,晶粒不均匀,性能较差。