共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 531 毫秒
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为研究锕系可燃毒物在板状燃料组件的燃耗特性和延长寿期的适用性,本研究以不同富集度的板状燃料为对象,计算分析了相同初始组件无限增殖因数(kinf)情况下的锕系可燃毒物装载量、燃耗深度、235U利用率等。结果表明,在低富集度(4%~7%)情况下,240Pu可燃毒物在寿期内表现出较好的转换效应,235U利用率高,可起到延长堆芯寿期的作用;在中等富集度(25%~40%)情况下,240Pu可燃毒物的转换效应减弱,而231Pa可燃毒物表现出较好的转换效应;在高富集度(70%~97%)情况下,231Pa可燃毒物的转换效应减弱,但含231Pa组件的235U利用率和达到的燃耗深度在所选锕系核素中最大;240Pu可作为长寿期低富集度燃料可燃毒物的选择,231Pa可作为长寿期中等、高富集度燃料可燃毒物的选择。 相似文献
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小型棒控压水堆舍弃了可溶硼,并高度依赖控制棒与可燃毒物棒控制堆芯的反应性。为研究控制棒对堆芯关键性能的影响,本文以核动力破冰船用KLT-40模型为对象,以轴向功率偏移、堆芯寿期、燃料利用率与径向功率峰因子为指标,开展长寿期小型棒控压水堆控制棒布置与动作策略设计分析。首先,基于OpenMC程序开发带棒燃耗程序;其次,比较堆芯带控制棒与无控制棒运行时的堆芯寿期等指标;最后,分析不同动作策略对轴向功率偏移等指标的影响。结果表明:控制棒将堆芯寿期从590 EFPDs(等效满功率天,Effective full power days)延长至650~698 EFPDs;低价值棒组优先动作策略使轴向功率偏移程度由-0.69与+0.80分别下降至-0.29与+0.52。因此,要准确计算长寿期压水堆寿期必须采用带控制棒燃耗计算策略,并且通过合理的动作策略能够有效减小控制棒带来的轴向功率偏移。 相似文献
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可燃毒物在长寿期压水堆中起着至关重要的作用,板状燃料组件在长寿期压水堆中具有较好的应用前景。本文开展长寿期压水堆板状燃料组件可燃毒物选型及中子学特性研究,对含不同可燃毒物的板状燃料组件进行输运-燃耗计算,筛选出中子学性能较好的可燃毒物。结果表明,采用富集同位素157Gd、167Er和B4C作为可燃毒物时,几乎无反应性惩罚;当采用PACS-J和231Pa作为可燃毒物时,因其自身特性,在寿期末不仅未造成反应性惩罚,且延长了组件寿期,提高了燃料利用率;PACS-J与慢燃耗可燃毒物组合,可获得更优的反应性曲线。由本文结果可知,板状燃料组件可以选用富集同位素157Gd、富集同位素167Er、B4C、231Pa和PACS-J作为可燃毒物,可燃毒物组合可以选用PACS-Er和PACS-Pa两种组合方案。 相似文献
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百万千瓦级压水堆核电站长燃耗堆芯钆可燃毒物优化研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对百万千瓦级参考核电站长燃耗堆芯(18个月换料)采用的可燃毒物(钆)含量与堆芯燃料管理主要结果进行了分析研究。该研究采用先进的燃料管理程序系统,对不同可燃毒物含量和不同可燃毒物棒根数的燃料组件进行了计算,给出了组件无限增殖因子(kinf)随燃耗的变化关系,据此对参考堆芯采用相同的装载进行了4种方案燃料管理计算。计算结果表明,对于堆芯燃料管理,采用低可燃毒物含量、含可燃毒物棒数多的装载方案明显优于高可燃毒物含量、含可燃毒物棒少的堆芯装载方案。 相似文献
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对百万千瓦参考核电站长燃耗堆芯采用的可燃毒物含量与堆芯燃料管理主要结果进行分析研究。该研究采用先进的燃料管理程序系统,对不同可燃毒物含量和不同可燃毒物棒根数据的进行了计算,给出了组件无了增殖因子随燃耗的变化关系,据此对参考堆芯采用相同的装载进行了4种方案燃料管理计算。 相似文献
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对压水反应堆分别采用反应堆平衡循环寿期末和燃耗包络两种计算方法计算堆芯积存量,对比结果的差异。结果表明:各种核素受计算方法的影响程度不同,83mKr、135Xe和138Cs等10余个核素受影响较大,燃耗包络法计算结果更为保守,其余核素受影响较小。核素放射性活度随着反应堆运行时间的增长可分为核素活度逐渐增加、核素活度先增大后趋于稳定、核素活度逐渐减小和核素活度先增大后减小等不同的变化规律。 相似文献
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Lanfranco Monti Ehud Greenspan Marco Sumini Massimiliano Fratoni Ki-Bog Lee Federico Rocchi 《Progress in Nuclear Energy》2008,50(2-6):262-268
This work investigates the effect of initial fuel composition, power density and number of recycles on the pitch-to-diameter (P/D) ratio and TRans-Uranium isotopes (TRU) loading required for attaining one of the most important design goals of the Encapsulated Nuclear Heat Source (ENHS) – nearly zero burnup reactivity swing over the 20 years of core life. It is found that the required P/D ratio is sensitive to, primarily, the initial concentration of the short-lived isotope 241Pu in the fuel loaded into the first core and to the core power density. The longer is the cooling time of the TRU from LWR spent fuel the smaller becomes the relative 241Pu concentration and the smaller becomes the fraction of 241Pu lost via radioactive decay and, hence, the smaller needs be the conversion ratio required for nearly zero burnup reactivity swing and the larger can be the P/D ratio. Likewise, the higher is the ENHS power density, the smaller becomes the fraction of 241Pu lost via radioactive decay and the larger becomes the P/D required for the first core. The optimal P/D ratio tends to increase with the number of times the fuel is recycled from one ENHS core to the next one. The optimal P/D ratio for the equilibrium composition core is in between 1.53 and 1.59. For a given discharge burnup it tends to somewhat increase with the equilibrium core power density. However, if structural materials will be developed to enable a 20 years core life at elevated power densities, the higher the power density the smaller is the required equilibrium P/D ratio. 相似文献
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The CANDLE burnup is a new reactor burnup concept, where the distributions of fuel nuclide densities, neutron flux, and power density move with the same constant speed along the core axis from bottom to top (or from top to bottom) of the core and without any change in their shapes. It can be applied easily to a block-type high temperature gas cooled reactor (HTGR) using an appropriate burnable poison with a high neutron absorption cross section mixed with uranium oxide fuel. In this study, natural gadolinium is used as burnable poison. In the present paper, the simulation of the burnup for the steady state and the startup is performed.
For the steady state simulation with direct solutions of steady state nuclide densities as inputs, the difference between the results of the steady state analysis and the simulation analysis is very small. It confirms that the steady state analysis is correct. When the initial core is constructed from easily available nuclides, the simulation result gives a reactivity change of 1.7% at a burnup time of 0.7 years. 相似文献
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为将全陶瓷微胶囊封装(FCM)燃料应用于小型压水堆,对FCM燃料组件开展了可燃毒物中子学设计与分析。通过寿期初引入负反应性、寿期内消耗速率和寿期末残留3个方面,对弥散在SiC基体中的弥散型可燃毒物Gd2O3、Er2O3、Sm2O3、Eu2O3、Dy2O3及HfO2进行评价。FCM燃料中TRISO颗粒核芯直径达800 μm,燃料颗粒自屏效应强烈,在RMC程序中引入随机介质计算功能,对FCM燃料进行随机几何建模,保证了反应性计算精度。分析表明:Er2O3可作为FCM燃料堆芯的候选可燃毒物,Gd2O3和Eu2O3需结合堆芯开展进一步研究,Sm2O3、Dy2O3及HfO2的反应性惩罚过大,不适合作为FCM燃料可燃毒物。 相似文献
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《Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology》2013,50(8):1045-1051
An innovative concept of PFPWR50 for district heating has been studied, which is a small PWR of 50MWt capability using coated particle fuels with conventional zircaloy cladding. This concept takes advantages of fuel integrity against fission products release of coated particle fuels and a high reliability of PWR technology based on the long history of a successful operation. We have investigated burnup characteristics of fuel rods, assemblies, and reactor cores by the calculation code SRAC95 in order to establish a core concept of long life without on-site refueling. The loading pattern of assemblies with various concentrations of burnable poison is optimized to obtain a flat excess reactivity during the core life in order to eliminate a soluble boron control system. The core life of a cycle is about 8.9 equivalent full power years. And we have also studied the applicability of SiC/SiC composite cladding in place of zircaloy cladding, which is now under development for gas cooled fast reactor fuels. It could be applicable to high burnup fuel rods for a long term operation. From the calculation results, it is found out that the burnup characteristics do not change significantly with SiC cladding and contribute to elongate the core life to 9.2 equivalent full power years. 相似文献
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先进聚合物可燃毒物燃耗特性分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对当前新提出的先进聚合物材料(PACS),分析聚合物可燃毒物的材料特性与慢化特性,基于秦山核电厂与Crystal River Three两类堆型燃料组件,对比分析采用不同类型可燃毒物材料时组件的燃耗特性。结果表明:聚合物材料的慢化特性随含氢量呈线性变化关系,调节聚合物分子组成可以改变毒物的燃耗特性。相对传统的可燃毒物材料,先进聚合物可燃毒物体现了良好的毒物特性,全寿期具有更低的局部功率峰,在燃耗初期PACS聚合物可燃毒物有较低的初始k_(inf)值,而在燃耗后期释放高于1%的k_(inf)值,可燃吸收体核素B-10消耗更加充分,且具有较大的热通量,可提高热中子利用率,并促进裂变核素Pu的消耗。 相似文献
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可燃毒物被布置于反应堆堆芯中以控制堆芯剩余反应性,颗粒可燃毒物由于空间自屏效应而具有区别于常规均匀弥散可燃毒物的特性,同时颗粒可燃毒物可以增加可燃毒物的使用自由度,通过调整可燃毒物类型、可燃毒物颗粒尺寸以及可燃毒物体积份额以实现堆芯反应性的长期和平稳控制。本文重点研究颗粒可燃毒物的颗粒尺寸对系统反应性以及颗粒内有效核素核子密度变化规律的影响,并解释颗粒可燃毒物由于空间自屏效应而产生的"洋葱"效应,同时对比分析了多种常见可燃毒物不同颗粒尺寸下的中子学规律,对颗粒可燃毒物用于堆芯反应性控制具有重要的指导意义。 相似文献