随机二相编码连续波雷达的研究

本文对新型噪声雷达即随机二相编码连续波雷达作了系统研究。分析了该雷达波形的概率分布、平均模糊函数以及脉冲压缩后距离旁瓣的概率分布，提出了一种抑制距离旁瓣的统计处理方法，通过多级统计处理后可保证峰值距离旁瓣低于－３０ｄＢ，同时给出了系统参数的设计，并讨论了该噪声雷达的多普勒容限扩展问题，分析表明，该噪声雷达能同时测定远距离和高速目标。     

基于单比特量化的噪声雷达系统与处理方法

噪声雷达通过发射随机信号探测目标信息,具备低截获概率与良好的电子对抗性能,但随机信号引入的高距离旁瓣会严重影响系统动态范围。通常采用大时宽带宽积信号来降低噪声雷达的旁瓣水平,但会引起采样率和数据量的增加。单比特量化能够降低高速采样器件的难度,同时降低数据存储设备负担。文中设计并构建了单比特噪声雷达实验系统,介绍了系统方案与信号处理方法,开展了实际点目标的距离成像实验,并基于真实实验数据分析了时间宽度对距离旁瓣水平的影响。实验结果表明：对于大时宽带宽积的噪声雷达,通过采用单比特技术能够在保持动态范围不变的同时大幅降低数据量。     

一种新的低旁瓣LFM噪声雷达波形设计方法

针对LFM噪声雷达波形旁瓣功率水平高的问题,该文将低旁瓣波形设计方法和LFM噪声雷达波形设计方法相结合,提出一种新的低旁瓣LFM噪声雷达波形设计方法。该方法首先建立低旁瓣LFM噪声雷达波形设计目标函数,将确定性二次相位和随机相位的组合关系转化为优化问题的约束条件,然后通过该文提出的修正循环算法(MCAN)迭代求解,使得设计的恒模LFM噪声波形同时具有低旁瓣和高多普勒容忍性。最后,仿真结果表明该算法能够降低波形模糊函数的距离-多普勒2维旁瓣,对静止目标和运动目标均能够起到较好的效果,且保证了波形的低截获概率性能。     

一种频谱随机非连续雷达信号的处理方法

高频地波OTH雷达工作在电磁干扰严重的短波波段 ,采用非连续频谱信号可降低电磁干扰对雷达的影响 ,但频谱的非连续性会引起距离旁瓣的升高 ,回波信号的动态范围变小 ,这种旁瓣无法用传统频域加权方法消除 ,从而导致地波雷达在多目标环境下探测弱小目标的能力降低。文中从消除信号频谱的非连续性的角度 ,介绍了一种基于线性预测方法的频谱非连续高频雷达信号的处理方法 ,较好地实现了频域不连续信号距离速度二维处理。经过预测处理后所得到的输出波形的距离旁瓣电平达到 -2 7dB ,目标的距离旁瓣得到有效抑制 ,使雷达在多目标环境下检测弱小目标的能力大大提高。     

噪声调频复合单频连续波雷达空间高速目标的探测

噪声调频连续波雷达由于发射信号无周期,具有理想的图钉型模糊函数,没有周期性距离模糊和速度模糊,从原理上非常适合在轨探测远距离的超高速空间目标。该文采用插值法建立了噪声调频连续波高速目标回波模型,提出噪声调频复合单频连续波雷达采用校正距离走动的“匹配参考信号”进行相参处理的方法,实现跨距离门积累从而提高距离主旁瓣比;针对多个目标的检测采用FFT-IFFT逐个“Clean”的办法,进一步提高检测目标动态范围。仿真结果表明所提出的方法是有效可行的。     

基于序列优化的认知雷达稳健旁瓣抑制方法

距离旁瓣可能导致强目标掩盖弱目标以及大量虚假目标的出现,针对认知雷达旁瓣抑制问题,该文提出一种基于序列优化的方法。首先,将待测区域按距离单元进行划分,之后,基于最小均方误差准则,针对某距离单元进行发射-接收联合优化,所优化结果用于该距离单元散射点雷达截面积(RCS)的估计。上述过程在场景内各距离单元序贯进行,并将已获估计值用于后续距离单元距离旁瓣的抑制,各散射点RCS值依次以递归方式获得,并循环更新。所提方法构建了一个闭环系统,根据实时反馈的场景信息调整收发系统,提高雷达对环境的感知能力,从而改善旁瓣抑制性能,提高抗噪声稳健性。仿真结果验证了所提方法的有效性。     

双基地噪声雷达中直达波干扰抑制技术研究

针对双基地噪声雷达直达波和近距离强杂波严重影响远距离微弱目标检测的问题,对直达波和杂波干扰抑制技术进行了研究。分析了LMS自适应时域干扰抑制算法在双基地噪声雷达中的直达波干扰抑制性能。针对雷达参考信号时域强相关情况下算法收敛速度过慢的问题,提出了基于格型预测的联合过程估计对消算法,通过对参考信号进行去相关处理,降低LMS类型算法输入相关矩阵的特征值散布,提高了收敛速度。通过仿真对干扰抑制算法进行了收敛过程分析和性能验证。     

基于改进LMS算法的自适应旁瓣对消研究

自适应旁瓣对消是雷达抗干扰的有效方法。为了提高雷达旁瓣对消中算法的收敛速度和稳态性能,针对目前定步长LMS算法存在的问题,本文对该算法进行了分析以及步长改进,提出一种基于双曲余弦函数的自适应变步长LMS算法,并对不同的影响因子进行了仿真分析。通过对加噪的信号进行自适应旁瓣对消仿真分析,仿真结果表明改进的自适应变步长LMS算法对消器可以有效地抑制旁瓣干扰信号,提高对消器的收敛速度和稳态性能,提高输出信噪比。     

基于MSN准则的自适应脉冲压缩修复处理

采用标准匹配滤波器会使雷达的脉冲压缩处理在大目标附近的距离单元产生距离旁瓣,从而遮蔽附近的小目标.针对这种情况提出的基于最大输出信噪比准则(MSN)的自适应脉冲压缩实现了对旁瓣的自适应压缩.然而有些在役雷达系统不能在标准脉冲压缩之前获得接收信号,或者不能更换当前脉冲压缩系统,这种算法不再适用.基于迭代思想和最大输出信噪比准则提出的脉冲压缩修复处理,自适应地作用于匹配滤波后的输出信号,利用先验目标信息实现对距离旁瓣和噪声的抑制.在推导的算法原理基础上给出了实现步骤,并对算法的适用性进行了仿真,结果表明对单、多目标算法能够实现有效脉冲压缩,对于多普勒失配,性能有所下降,但仍远优于匹配滤波,提高了雷达对小目标的检测能力.     

QAM-OFDM雷达通信共享信号长时间相参积累算法

QAM-OFDM(Quadrature Amplitude Modulation-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)雷达通信共享信号因携带随机通信信息,其脉压旁瓣的随机性较大,类似噪声的影响。针对该问题,采用基于Keystone变换的长时间相参积累算法抑制其旁瓣。在共享信号模型的基础上,分析了其脉压旁瓣受随机通信信息的影响以及采用长时间相参积累抑制其旁瓣的可行性,然后采用Keystone变换校正其长时间相参积累产生的距离单元走动,并进行多普勒模糊补偿处理。理论分析和仿真结果表明,该方法使得回波能量积累集中,能有效实现共享信号脉压旁瓣的抑制。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks     

Call for Papers—Feature Topic,Vol.12,No.7,2015

正Information Centric Networking Information-Centric Networking(ICN) is an emerging direction in Future Internet architecture research,gaining significant tractions among academia and industry.Aiming to replace the conventional host-to-host communication model by a data-centric model,ICN treats data content as the first