单晶硅衬底材料中的消光衍射

在经典衍射理论中,Si(2 0 0 ) ,Si(2 2 2 )等4 n+2面的反射是消光的,但在单晶硅或硅基材料中,常发现Si(2 0 0 ) ,Si(2 2 2 )的衍射.考虑非谐效应和电子云反对称分布的贡献,分别计算了Si(2 0 0 ) ,Si(2 2 2 )消光衍射的相对强度,并用XRD测试手段进行了验证.结果表明,理论与实验值基本符合.在室温下,Si(2 0 0 ) ,Si(2 2 2 )衍射主要是因为反对称的电子云分布所致.同时,强调了Si(2 0 0 ) ,Si(2 2 2 )衍射在XRD分析中的应用     

2010香港VR2HAM协会的台湾之旅

参与活动的爱好者:VR2IO VR2CR VR2VBM VR2ZYBVR2XlC VR2XLB VR2VIB VR2XJH VR2VHH VR2WLA VR2ZSZ等。 2010年6月10日至16日,香港业余无线电通讯会(VR2HAM)一行18人前往台湾与当地火腿进行技术及交化交流,并拜会了台湾业余无线电促进会(CTARL)各分会长及会员,包括台北分会,台中分会,高雄分会,宜兰分会与及台南分会等。这是VR2HAM第2次组织与台湾HAM的交流活动。早在2005年,VR2HAM就曾组织香港12名HAM前往台湾     

Ce掺杂Bi2S3/Fe2O3异质结的制备及其光电性能

采用旋涂法与水热法在掺氟二氧化锡(FTO)上制备了Ce掺杂Bi2S3/Fe2O3(Ce-Bi2S3/Fe2O3)异质结,对样品的组成、形貌及其光电性能进行了研究分析.结果 显示,Ce-Bi2S3/Fe2O3的X射线衍射(XRD)图谱中各衍射峰位与Bi2S3/Fe2O3相似,无新的相产生,但在2θ为24.92°(130)与28.65°(211)的衍射峰强度有所降低,而在2θ为35.65°(110)时有所增强;在Ce-Bi2S3/Fe2O3的X射线能谱(EDS)中发现了Ce元素.光电性能测试结果表明,在模拟太阳光的照射下Ce-Bi2S/Fe2O3的光电压为0.347 V,比Bi2S3/Fe2O3 (0.281 V)提高了23.5％;光电流密度达到2.31 mA·cm-2,比Bi2S3/Fe2O3 (0.53 mA·cm-2)提高了约3.36倍;电化学阻抗谱(EIS)显示,在光照下Ce-Bi2S3/Fe2O3具有最低的界面阻抗,表明Ce-Bi2S3/Fe2O3中的载流子被更有效地分离和转移.     

反应条件对液相沉淀法制备FePO4·2H2O的影响

以FeSO4·7H2O,NH4H2PO4,H2O2和NH3·H2O为原料,通过液相沉淀法制备得到FePO4·2H2O,研究了反应温度、搅拌速度、H2O2加入量和pH值等反应条件对合成FePO4·2H2O的影响.采用TG-DTA,XRD和SEM及ICP等测试方法对FePO4·2H2O的物相、结构及形貌进行表征.结果表明:...     

不同物相二氧化钒间的相互转化及其相变性能研究

利用乙醇还原[VO(O2)2]-配合离子可以成功制备出VO2(B)纳米带;考察了VO2(B)在煅烧和水热条件下转化其它物相VO2的条件.结果表明,在惰性氛围中,VO2(B)在700℃的条件下煅烧2 h可以转化为VO2(M);在水热条件下,如果体系中无掺杂剂,VO2(B)可以转化成VO2(A);如果体系中存在掺杂剂(如钼酸),则VO2(B)转化为掺杂的VO2(M).在一步水热法制备VO2(M)过程中,选择掺杂剂是至关重要的,掺杂剂有利于形成掺杂VO2(M),使VO2(M)在水热条件下能够稳定存在.VO2(A)在惰性氛围中煅烧,发现VO2(A)也可以转化为VO2(M).不同物相VO2具有均一的带状形貌,初步探讨了VO2之间的转化机理.VO2(A)的相变温度为162.4℃;Mo掺杂VO2(M)的相变温度为53.7℃,说明掺杂Mo原子可以有效降低VO2(M)的相变温度,也表明Mo原子可以有效地进入VO2(M)晶格中.     

新的Ⅱ型偶长Z-互补对构造

为丰富Z-互补对(ZCP)的参数形式,研究了新的Ⅱ型ZCP的构造方法。基于迭代法,实现了Ⅱ型(2^k+2N,(2^k+2-1)N)-ZCP的构造,当N=1时,可得Z-最优Ⅱ型(2^k+2,(2^k+2-1))-ZCP。进一步,将迭代法与插值法相结合,构造了Ⅱ型(2^k+1N+2^k+1,2^k+1N+2^k+1-N/2)-ZCP;当N=2时,可得Z-最优Ⅱ型(3×2^k+1,3×2^k+1-1)-ZCP。所提方法可以生成新的偶长ZCP,实现了对现有ZCP数量的扩展。     

纳米SnO_2粉体的制备与掺杂研究

利用液相沉淀法制备了一系列掺杂型SnO2纳米粉体,晶粒度小于20 nm。研究了Ni2+、Co2+、Cu2+掺杂对SnO2粉体物相结构、晶化行为及晶粒度的影响。分析认为,各SnO2粉体样品都属于金红石结构,掺杂离子以类质同象方式进入SnO2晶格,对SnO2晶胞参数、结晶度、晶粒度等方面产生影响,其中Ni2+和Cu2+的掺入影响较大,可对SnO2晶粒生长有明显的抑制作用,大大降低其晶粒度。     

自供能Bi2O2Se/TiO2异质结紫外探测器的制备与光电探测性能

采用一步水热法合成了不同质量分数的Bi₂O₂Se/TiO₂异质结构,对其进行了X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜表征,并基于Bi₂O₂Se/TiO₂异质结制备了紫外探测器。实验结果表明：在365 nm紫外光的照射下,Bi₂O₂Se的质量分数为60%时,Bi₂O₂Se/TiO₂异质结探测器的光电探测性能最好,光电流高于Bi₂O₂Se探测器,是TiO₂探测器的7倍;响应时间约为30 ms,是TiO₂探测器的1/6。Bi₂O₂Se/TiO₂异质结探测器的响应度和探测率分别为10^-3A/W、1.08×10⁷cm·Hz^1/2/W,均比...     

2001年IEEE MTT—S介绍

20 0 1年 IEEE微波理论与技术国际会议 ( IEEE MTT- S)于 5月 2 0～ 2 5日在美国的凤凰城 ( Phoenix)召开。其中 ,2 0、2 1和 2 5日安排的是专题讨论会 ( Workshops)等 ,2 2～ 2 4日为分组学术报告。本次会议共收到学术论文 930篇 ,其中学生投稿论文 2 42篇 ,这两项都刷新了MTT- S的记录。经过 2 50位专家的评审 ,从中录用了 51 1篇论文 ,录用率为 55%。这些学术论文安排在 2 2～ 2 4三天的 6 5个分组内进行学术交流 ,其中除了论文宣读 ( presentation)之外还在每天的下午安排了论文张贴交流 ( interactive forum)。根据当前的热门…     

提高玻璃封装二极管可靠性的研究

利用超细ZrO2在ZnO-B2O3-SiO2微晶玻璃中的同素异构转变带来的体积效应来增加二极管封装玻璃的韧性和二极管的可靠性.在ZnO-B2O3-SiO2微晶玻璃中添加一定量的超细ZrO2粉粒,弥散均匀,用烧结法制得ZnO-B2O3-SiO2微晶玻璃,使用AKASHI压痕法,测试材料增韧前后的效果.使用XRD测试验证在玻璃封装二极管的工艺温度下能保持t-ZrO2和m-ZrO2晶型应具有的特征相.实验证明添加超细ZrO2后,ZnO-B2O3-SiO2微晶玻璃材料的韧性有很大的提高.经功率二极管玻璃封装工艺流程实验和二极管的理化性能考核,引人适当含量的超细ZrO2能提高玻璃封装二极管的抗热冲击性.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks