包套热挤压SiCp/6066铝基复合材料断裂机制和强化机制的研究

采用包套热挤压工艺制备了不同体积分数SiC颗粒增强的6066铝基复合材料,结合其断口形貌及微观组织,分析了材料的断裂机制及抗拉强度和屈服强度随SiC增强颗粒体积分数变化的规律.结果表明,材料的断裂机制为颗粒与基体间的界面脱粘以及SiC团聚体的脆性开裂.当SiC颗粒的体积分数小于12%时,随着SiC颗粒增强相的增加,SiCp/6066铝基复合材料的抗拉强度和屈服强度增加.当SiC颗粒的体积分数大于12%时,材料的强度增加减缓或略有下降,其主要强化机制是位错强化和弥散强化.     

高体积分数SiCp/A356复合材料的显微组织和电导率

铝基复合材料在电子封装领域存在着潜在的应用前景。为获得高体积分数的铝基复合材料,利用压力浸渗法制备了高体积分数SiC颗粒增强A356复合材料(SiC_p/A356),通过金相显微镜、XRD、SEM和EDS等分析手段对其物相、显微结构和电导率进行了表征。结果表明:用该方法制备的SiC_p/A356复合材料组织致密,颗粒分布均匀,界面结合性能较好;SiC增强颗粒与A356基体界面反应控制良好,仅有少量Al4C3脆性相生成。SiC粉体经颗粒表面氧化处理在其表面生成一层SiO_2薄膜,虽抑制了界面反应的发生,但也使复合材料的收缩减小,电阻率增大,导电性能变差。     

喷丸强化对SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料疲劳性能的影响EI北大核心

采用快速凝固/粉末冶金工艺制备SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料,详细研究了喷丸强化对材料表面微观组织、残余应力和疲劳性能的影响,并观察了疲劳断口的微观形貌。结果表明:经喷丸强化后,SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料疲劳性能明显提高;材料表面形成强化层,厚度约为95μm,压应力呈U型分布;位错在第二相质点周围形成位错缠结。     

Al-20Cu-9.6Si-xEr钎料对SiC_p/A356复合材料真空钎焊接头组织与性能的影响EI北大核心CSCD

采用不同铒含量的7组Al-20Cu-9.6Si-xEr钎料分别对SiCp/A356复合材料进行了真空钎焊。利用扫描电镜和能谱分析等方法对接头微观组织进行了观察和分析。通过剪切实验对钎焊接头的抗剪强度进行了测定,并对剪切断口的微观形貌进行了观察。结果表明：添加稀土后,钎焊接头的抗剪强度明显提高。当w（Er）=0%时,钎缝处SiC颗粒聚集严重,接头强度为43.5MPa;当w（Er）=0.05%时,钎缝边界无SiC颗粒的聚集,接头强度最高,达到68.6MPa;当w（Er）=0.1%-0.4%时,钎缝处SiC颗粒聚集趋势减弱,接头强度值在45.3-50.5MPa之间;当w（Er）=0.5%时,SiC颗粒分布在钎缝内部,接头强度明显提高,达到62.2MPa。     

采用Ag-Cu-Ti钎料钎焊Cf/SiC接头的组织和强度

选用Ag-35.5Cu-1.8Ti和Ag-27.4Cu-4.4Ti两种钎料,在880℃/10min钎焊规范下进行了Cf/SiC陶瓷基复合材料的钎焊实验。实验结果表明,钎焊接头中央为典型的Ag-Cu共晶组织,而在钎料与Cf/SiC母材的界面处形成了扩散反应层,Ti在该层中富集。通过界面X射线衍射分析,确定界面存在TiC相,但未检测到Ti-Si相。分析了界面反应机理。接头强度试验结果表明,采用Ag-35.5Cu-1.8Ti钎料获得接头的三点弯曲强度为132.5MPa,而Ag-27.4Cu-4.4Ti对应的接头强度为159.5MPa,分析认为,Ti在钎料中的活性是决定接头性能的关键因素之一,即接头强度随着钎料中Ti活性的提高而呈现增加的趋势。     

碳化硅颗粒增强7A04铝基复合材料的腐蚀行为

碳化硅颗粒增强7A04(SiCp/7A04)铝基复合材料的应用环境及其腐蚀状况都较复杂.过去,对它的研究方法多样,依据不同,因而其腐蚀结论有异,甚至矛盾.为了研究SiCp/Al复合材料的耐蚀性,用电化学法和失重法研究了SiC颗粒含量和粒度对SiCp/7A04铝基复合材料及基体合金耐腐蚀性能的影响.结果表明,与基体合金相比,SiCp/7A04铝基复合材料耐蚀性下降,SiC含量高的复合材料腐蚀较快,SiC颗粒尺寸越大,复合材料耐蚀性越好;采用扫描电镜(SEM)观察腐蚀后的微观形貌表明,SiC颗粒破坏了基体表面氧化膜的完整性,促进了点蚀的形成,但其自身的稳定性又阻碍了蚀孔的长大.     

SiC陶瓷真空钎焊接头的组织及性能分析

采用BNi-5钎料对SiC陶瓷进行真空钎焊,获得了力学性能良好的SiC钎焊接头,并对焊缝的微观结构和形成过程进行了分析。研究结果表明,Ni基钎料与SiC母材发生反应生成层状界面反应层结构,所形成的SiC钎焊接头钎缝微观形貌可以表述为:SiC母材/石墨+Ni_2Si/Ni_2Si/石墨+Ni_2Si/Cr_3Ni_2SiC/Ni+Cr_3Ni_5Si_2/Cr_3Ni_2SiC/石墨+Ni_2Si/Ni_2Si/石墨+Ni_2Si/SiC母材。所得SiC钎焊接头常温力学性能较好,平均钎焊接头剪切强度可达到124 MPa。Ni基钎料钎焊SiC陶瓷接头的断裂位置位于钎料与陶瓷基体间的界面反应层,主要原因是界面反应层中Ni_2Si和Cr_3Ni_2SiC等脆性化合物在钎焊接头拉伸变形过程中会产生应力集中,在残余钎焊应力的共同作用下钎焊接头发生断裂。     

铝基钎料在SiC及SiC_p/6061复合材料上的润湿性研究

对多种铝基钎料在SiC、6 0 6 1及SiCp 6 0 6 1复合材料上进行了润湿性试验。结果表明 :炉中钎焊时 ,钎料与钎剂的成分、加热温度与保温时间、钎料与钎剂熔化温度的匹配等是影响铝基钎料润湿性的主要因素 ;真空钎焊时 ,镁含量不同的各种含镁Al 2 8Cu 5Si钎料在Al基复合材料连接的温度范围内都不能润湿SiC陶瓷表面 ;配合QJ2 0 1钎剂 ,Al 2 8Cu 5Si 2Mg钎料对 15 %SiCp 6 0 6 1Al复合材料具有良好的润湿性 ,但对 30 %SiCp 6 0 6 1Al复合材料却润湿不良 ;在加钎剂的情况下 ,钎料中的镁反而对在铝合金及铝基复合材料上的润湿性有不利影响 ;在Al 2 8Cu 5Si 2Mg钎料和 15 %SiCp 6 0 6 1Al复合材料的钎焊界面处存在SiC颗粒的偏聚现象     

碳化硅颗粒增强铝基复合材料颗粒表面改性技术研究现状

SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料因具有高的比强度、比刚度、耐磨性及较好的高温稳定性而被广泛应用于航空航天、电子、医疗等领域,但由于SiC颗粒高熔点、高硬度的特点以及SiC颗粒与铝基体间存在界面反应,碳化硅铝基复合材料存在加工性差、界面结合力不足等问题,已无法满足航天等领域对材料性能更高的要求,因此开展如何改善基体与颗粒之间界面情况的研究对进一步提升复合材料综合性能具有重要的科学意义。结合国内外现有研究成果,总结了SiC颗粒与铝基体界面强化机制、界面反应特点、表面改性技术原理及数值建模的发展现状,结果表明,现有经单一表面改性方法处理后的增强颗粒对铝基复合材料性能的提升程度有限,因此如何采用新的手段使复合材料性能进一步提升将成为后续研究热点,且基于有限元数值模拟方法进行复合材料设计也是必然趋势。最后针对单一强化性能提升有限的问题,提出了基于表面改性的柔性颗粒多模式强化方法,同时针对现有的技术难点展望了后续的研究方向,以期为颗粒增强复合材料的制备提供理论参考。     

界面相对3D-SiC/SiC复合材料静态力学性能及内耗特征的影响

采用先驱体浸渍裂解工艺制备无界面、SiC、PyC和PyC/SiC等界面相SiC/SiC复合材料, 研究了SiC/SiC复合材料的微观结构及静态力学性能, 并通过强迫振动法系统分析了界面相对复合材料内耗行为的影响。研究结果表明, 引入界面相有效改善了复合材料的微观结构及力学性能, 并降低了复合材料的内耗。其中, PyC/SiC复相界面中亚层SiC限制了PyC界面相与纤维的结合及塑性形变, 提高了复合材料的力学性能; 同时, 界面相对SiC/SiC复合材料内耗行为有显著影响, 材料内耗水平与界面剪切强度成反比。对比50和350 ℃时的材料内耗变化率发现, 随界面剪切强度增大, 材料内耗呈降低的趋势, 且含有PyC的PyC/SiC界面复合材料具有较低的内耗变化率, 说明PyC/SiC复相界面的SiC/SiC复合材料更适于高温振动环境。     

热压烧结制备SiC增强石墨复合材料及其性能

以天然鳞片石墨为起始原料,SiC颗粒为增强相,采用热压烧结工艺制备了SiC增强石墨复合材料。研究了SiC含量对SiC增强石墨复合材料微观结构、力学性能和摩擦性能的影响。结果表明:SiC颗粒均匀分布在石墨基体中,降低了基体中的孔隙率;随着SiC含量增加,SiC增强石墨复合材料的相对密度和弯曲强度相应增加,开孔率显著降低,当SiC含量达到40vol%时,SiC增强石墨复合材料中形成了SiC网络骨架结构,相对密度达到了94.2%,比商品高强纯石墨材料提高了11.8%,弯曲强度达到了146 MPa,比商品高强纯石墨材料提高了147%;基体石墨保持了层状结构;SiC含量低于40vol%时,SiC增强石墨复合材料的摩擦系数随SiC含量的增加轻微增加,与纯石墨材料的摩擦系数相当,具有良好的摩擦性能。     

Aging Behavior of High Volume Fraction SiC Particles Reinforced 2024Al Composite

2024 Al matrix composite reinforced by SiC particles with 45% volume fraction and 1 μm diameter was successfully fabricated by squeeze-exhaust casting method. The aging behavior of SiCp/2024Al composite at four temperatures was investigated and compared to 2024 alloy. It was found that the addition of high volume fraction SiC particles does not alter the aging sequence, but it significantly accelerates the kinetics of precipitation in the composite matrices.Therefore, the aging peak of the composite appears earlier than that of 2024Al alloy. This is attributed to the decrease in the activation energy for the precipitate formation and the increase in the precipitate growth rate due to the high density dislocations in the composite with high volume fraction particles. The high density dislocations, as preferential nucleation sites for precipitates, bring about the tiny and dense precipitates in the composite.     

Aging Behavior of High Volume Fraction SiC Particles Reinforced 2024Al Composite

2024 Al matrix composite reinforced by SiC particles with 45% volume fraction and 1μm diameter was successfully fabricated by squeeze-exhaust casting method. The aging behavior of SiCp/2024AI composite at four temperatures was investigated and compared to 2024 alloy. It was found that the addition of high volume fraction SiC particles does not alter the aging sequence, but it significantly accelerates the kinetics of precipitation in the composite matrices. Therefore, the aging peak of the composite appears earlier than that of 2024AI alloy. This is attributed to the decrease in the activation energy for the precipitate formation and the increase in the precipitate growth rate due to the high density dislocations in the composite with high volume fraction particles. The high density dislocations, as preferential nucleation sites for precipitates, bring about the tiny and dense precipitates in the composite.     

Mechanism of localized corrosion of aluminum–silicon carbide composites in a chloride containing environment

In marine environments, more pits develop on SiC reinforced aluminum alloy composites than on their unreinforced counterparts. Although it has been suggested that the SiC plays an active role in composite corrosion by fostering the initiation of pits, this fact has not been conclusively demonstrated. The present paper considers data of two independent investigations concerning the effects of alloy type, and heat treatment on pit initiation in SiC reinforced aluminum composites. For four alloys, it is shown that pit initiation is dependent on the alloy type and heat treatment. Further, microscopic observations show that pit initiation sites are correlated with secondary phase particles. Results suggest that secondary phases, rather than the SiC particles, contribute to the pitting behavior of the composites.     

包覆混料对镀铜混合尺寸SiCp/Fe力学性能的影响

为探索提高SiCp/Fe力学性能的途径,采用包覆混料工艺,研究了该工艺对镀铜SiCp/Fe力学性能的影响,以及该工艺下增强粒子混合尺寸的影响.结果表明:包覆混料相比于普通混料,可显著改善SiC粒子在基体中分散的均匀性,而镀铜的作用是显著消除界面缺陷;性能的改善是包覆混料改善粒子分散性和镀铜改善界面结合的综合结果.对于体积分数30%SiCp/Fe的抗拉强度,通过包覆改善均匀性的贡献可提高7.2%,通过镀铜消除界面缺陷的贡献可提高12.5%,因此减少界面缺陷对颗粒增强复合材料力学性能的提高更重要.混合尺寸粒子对力学性能的增强效果明显高于其对应单一尺寸,这是由于小尺寸粒子能有效地提高基体的强度,而大尺寸颗粒更有效地承担载荷传递的作用.     

基于BP神经网络模型的Ni-SiC纳米镀层耐磨性能预测研究

采用神经网络技术,构建结构为3×8×1型的BP神经网络模型,并利用该模型对超声电沉积Ni-SiC纳米镀层的耐磨性能进行预测。通过磨损试验测试并研究Ni-SiC纳米镀层的耐磨性能,利用扫描电镜(SEM)、原子力显微镜(AFM)和X射线衍射(XRD)观察不同参数下Ni-SiC纳米镀层的组织结构及成分。结果表明,在BP神经网络模型的隐含层数和神经元数分别为1和8时,该BP神经网络模型的均方根误差最小,其最小值为1.24%。该BP神经网络模型的预测值与实验值相差不大,其最大误差为1.51%。当采用SiC粒子浓度8 g/L、电流密度2 A/dm^2、温度40℃时,SiC粒子均匀分布于Ni-SiC纳米镀层中,且镀层镍晶粒显著细化,其镍晶粒的衍射峰变宽、变矮。     

Understanding the influence of particle size on strain versus fatigue life,and fracture behavior of aluminum alloy composites produced by spray deposition

The strain versus fatigue life and fracture behavior of spray-formed Al–Si composites reinforced with SiC particles of two different sizes were studied under total strain amplitudes. Both composites exhibit short low-cycle fatigue (LCF) which follows a Coffin-Manson relationship, and display cyclic hardening at all strain amplitudes. The LCF endurance of the composite with large particles is higher than that of composite containing small particles in the high strain amplitudes, however, at low strains the difference in fatigue endurance between the two composites decreased. Moreover, the decrease in particle size results in a higher degree of hardening at low and middle strains, but reduces the magnitude of hardening at highest strain. Fractographic analysis reveals that particle/matrix debonding is the main mechanism of failure in composite with small particles, while fracture and debonding of SiC particle are predominant in the large particle reinforced composite.     

Effects of Interphase Damage and Residual Stresses on Mechanical Behavior of Particle Reinforced Metal-Matrix Composites

Mechanical behavior of aluminum matrix composites reinforced with SiC particles are predicted using an axisymmetric micromechanical finite element model. The model aims to study initiation and propagation of interphase damage subjected to combination of thermal and uniaxial loading. Effects of manufacturing process thermal residual stresses and interphase de-bonding are considered. The model includes a square Representative Volume Element (RVE) from a cylindrical unit cell representing a quarter of SiC particle surrounded by Al-3.5wt.%Cu matrix. Suitable boundary conditions are defined to include effects of combined thermal and uniaxial tension loading on the RVE. An appropriate damage criterion with a linear relationship between radial and shear stresses for interphase damage is introduced to predict initiation and propagation of interphase de-bonding during loading. A damage user subroutine is developed and coupled to the finite element software to model interphase damage. Overall Stress-strain behavior of particulate metal-matrix composite by considering residual stresses is compared with experimental data to estimate interphase strength. Effects of thermal residual stresses in elastic, de-bonding and plastic zones of composite system are discussed in details. Furthermore, parametric study results show high influence of interphase strength on the overall mechanical behavior of composite material.     

SiC 和Gr 颗粒混杂增强Al 基复合材料的摩擦磨损特性的研究

比较了SiC 和Gr 颗粒混杂增强Al 基复合材料的干摩擦磨损行为, 并与单一SiC_P 和单一G_rP 增强Al 基复合材料的相应行为进行了比较。结果表明, 在低载荷(< 30 N ) 时, SiC_P 和G_rP 能协调作用, 使混杂复合材料的摩擦系数和磨损率均比单一SiC_P 和G_rP 增强复合材料低。在较高载荷(30～ 120 N ) 时, 混杂复合材料磨损以剥层磨损机制为主, 摩擦系数比单一SiC_P 增强复合材料低, 磨损率比单一G_rP 增强复合材料低得多, 比单一SiC_P 增强复合材料高。混杂复合材料对偶件的磨损比单一SiC_P 增强复合材料低得多。      

碳化硅增强铝基复合材料界面改善对力学性能的影响

用粉末冶金法制备了致密度较好的镀铜碳化硅增强铝基复合材料,并对碳化硅的表面化学镀工艺进行了分析.通过化学镀前后复合材料力学性能的对比研究表明,碳化硅表面镀铜较好地解决了碳化硅与基体的相容性问题,使复合材料的力学性能得到明显提高.