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《机械制造与自动化》2016,(3):5-7
触发式测头是数控机床在线检测系统的组成部分,在线检测过程中预行程误差不可避免,带有预行程误差的测量结果将影响产品检测精度。分析了触发式测头测量中预行程误差产生的原因,采用标准球的标定方法测量了预行程误差,从测量结果中剔除了机床运动误差,得到准确的预行程误差。通过多组测量数据,分析了预行程误差与测针杆长、测头运动速度及测量角度之间的关系。 相似文献
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研究了采用球形测头测量不同从动件挺杆形式的凸轮时,凸轮轮廓坐标数据的几何形状误差计算方法以及从动件的升程误差的计算方法. 相似文献
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测头对准误差对齿轮测量中心ZC蜗杆齿廓偏差测量结果的影响较大,需要建立测头对准误差修正方法。基于ZC1蜗杆齿面方程,建立了蜗杆轴向齿廓测量误差模型,修正得到轴截面上齿廓测量点的轴向坐标,再依据精度标准评定得到蜗杆齿廓偏差,并分析了蜗杆的不同头数、模数和分度圆直径对蜗杆轴向齿廓测量误差的影响规律。在齿轮测量中心上开展了蜗杆轴截面齿廓测量实验,测头对准误差对齿廓形状偏差的影响较小;测头对准误差修正前后齿廓测量总偏差的最大差异由1.2μm降为0.2μm;齿廓形状测量偏差的最大差异由0.5μm降为0.3μm;齿廓倾斜测量偏差的最大差异由2.5μm降为0.4μm。该方法可有效减小齿轮测量中心测头对准误差对蜗杆轴截面齿廓偏差测量的影响。 相似文献
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为了解决三维测头在齿轮测量中心应用上的技术难点,通过构建三维扫描测头的多元非线性模型,规划出基准球的扫描路径,实现了对测头自身的垂直度、直线度、测针挠度以及与仪器坐标轴不重合等误差的校准。分析影响校准精度的因素,解决了三维扫描测头的标定问题,为后续工件的测量奠定了基础。由于三维扫描测头无法精确探测到给定的工件坐标点位置,测量时也无法严格按照预定的路径扫描,无法采取传统的电子展成法得到测量误差值。本文利用空间曲面理论实现了齿轮的测量及误差计算,通过对标准齿轮的检测,验证了方法的可行性,为复杂工件的一次装卡,全自动完成几何误差和形位误差的测量提供了条件,拓展了齿轮测量中心的检测能力。 相似文献
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通过分析在线测量系统测量过程中触发式测头测量结果的误差组成元素及其产生的原因,建立了测头标定的数学模型,并通过最小二乘法进行解算,提出通过对测头半径进行补偿来减小测量误差的新方法,该补偿方法综合考虑了实际测量过程中测头预行程误差、测头各向异性、测头偏心误差等影响因素,并利用双线性插值法建立测头半径补偿值与测点法矢方向之间的映射关系,来计算拟合任意法矢方向的半径补偿值。最后通过实验验证,对比补偿前后的测量结果,结果表明补偿后的测量系统测量精度有明显提高。 相似文献
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测头半径误差补偿原理及其应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用接触式形状测量仪测量轴承沟道曲率半径和沟道形状时,消除测头半径引起的测量误差是提高测量精度的关键.本文用B样条曲线的最小二乘法逼近曲线,建立曲线的数学模型,利用测头的中心轨迹与被测轮廓互为等距曲线的关系,进行测头半径补偿,从而获得精确的实测点集,最终实现高精度测量. 相似文献
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A method, which is referred to as the edge reversal method, is proposed for precision measurement of the cutting edge radius of single point diamond tools. An indentation mark of the cutting edge which replicates the cutting edge geometry is firstly made on a soft metal substrate surface. The cutting edge of the diamond tool and its indentation mark, which is regarded as the reversal cutting edge, are then measured by utilizing an atomic force microscopy (AFM), respectively. The cutting edge radius can be accurately evaluated through removing the influence of the AFM probe tip radius, which is comparable to the cutting edge radius, based on the two measured data without characterization of the AFM probe tip radius. The results of measurement experiments and uncertainty analysis are presented to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method. 相似文献
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利用三坐标测量仪在光学非球面镜研磨与粗抛阶段进行面形检测时,测量结果常由于补偿程序不完善而出现像散误差。本文分析了非球面三坐标测量得到的数据,指出测量结果中出现像散误差是测头半径补偿不准确所致。然后,提出了一种离线数据处理方法对测量数据进行补偿来消除像散误差。该方法通过计算网格排列的测头中心点行和列方向的切向量得出曲面上每个点的法向矢量;根据测头半径计算出测头球心到接触点的偏移量,从而实现三坐标测量仪的三维测头半径补偿。球面样板实验显示这种方法可以将该样板测量中的像散峰谷值(PV)由4.921 9μm减小到0.065 2μm,基本消除了测量结果中的像散误差,提高了三坐标测量结果的准确度。实验结果验证了提出的三维测头半径补偿程序的有效性。 相似文献
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盘形凸轮轮廓曲线检测中的数据处理 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
介绍了在数控凸轮磨床工作台上对平面凸轮轮廓线进行检测的方法,这里主要介绍盘形凸轮轮廓曲线检测中数据处理的方法,并详细介绍了曲线拟合方法。 相似文献
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Tibet Erkan René Mayer Adam Woźniak 《The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology》2011,55(1-4):307-315
Scanning coordinate metrology is largely based on recording the position of a spherical tip which is maintained in contact with the surface to be measured. The coordinate measuring machine (CMM) software converts these tip coordinates into coordinates of points on the measured surface, a process called probe radius correction. In order to investigate the probe radius correction accuracy of specific CMM software in scanning measurements, a surface probing simulator is developed. It calculates the coordinates of probe tip center points (virtual indicated measured points) as raw measurement data by numerically probing a known virtual surface. An iterative solution based on geometric criteria is used to achieve the necessary tangential contact conditions. Various sculptured surface profiles, probe radii, and scanning increments can then be simulated. These raw data are then fed to the CMM software where the probe radius correction is performed. The CMM results are then compared with the known surface to evaluate the probe radius correction accuracy of the CMM built-in algorithm. The simulator allows a rapid CMM software capability check for a variety of situations and may pinpoint shortfalls that may be avoided through alternative measurement procedures. It may also be used to motivate the development of new probe radius correction techniques and assist in their evaluation. Tests were conducted on a Zeiss and a Mitutoyo CMM to demonstrate the usefulness of the simulator. 相似文献
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In this paper the Rayleigh-Ritz method was used to study the scanning near-field optical microscope (SNOM) with a tapered optical fiber probe's flexural and axial sensitivity to vibration. Not only the contact stiffness but also the geometric parameters of the probe can influence the flexural and axial sensitivity to vibration. According to the analysis, the lateral and axial contact stiffness had a significant effect on the sensitivity of vibration of the SNOM's probe, each mode had a different level of sensitivity and in the first mode the tapered optical fiber probe was the most acceptive to higher levels of flexural and axial vibration. Generally, when the contact stiffness was lower, the tapered probe was more sensitive to higher levels of both axial and flexural vibration than the uniform probe. However, the situation was reversed when the contact stiffness was larger. Furthermore, the effect that the probe's length and its tapered angle had on the SNOM's probe axial and flexural vibration were significant and these two conditions should be incorporated into the design of new SNOM probes. 相似文献
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针对超精密机床两轴联动接触式在位测量过程中测头误差影响测量精度的问题,提出了一种测头半径误差及形状误差校正方法。进行了在位测量实验,比较分析了测头误差未校正、测头半径误差校正及测头形状误差校正三种情况的测量结果,并分别与Taylor Hobson PGI840离线测量结果进行对比,以验证测头形状误差校正方法的有效性。测头形状误差校正后,面形精度PV值由420nm变为370nm,与离线测量PV值380nm的差值为10nm。结果表明,该在位测量系统测头误差校正方法有效,能够提高在位测量精度。 相似文献
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针对大尺度空间中构件特征隐藏区的空间坐标测量,提出了一种基于无衍射光束的测量探针,并将该探针与全站仪结合构成了空间坐标组合测量系统。介绍了探针姿态测量系统和组合测量系统的结构与原理。测量时,首先将探针测头接触于被测点,并用全站仪或激光跟踪仪瞄准探针的光学系统,测得探针的空间位置坐标。接着,使用探针将测距激光通过axicon透镜变换为无衍射光,并由CCD摄像机获得图像。由无衍射光的中心一对一映射激光的入射方向,通过无衍射光图像定中计算,获得探针的水平角和俯仰角。最后,通过电子倾角仪测得探针滚动角;联合测得各姿态角和位置坐标,通过坐标变换,计算得出被测点的空间坐标。实验显示,该探针的姿态角测量精度为1mrad,组合测量空间位置偏差为±1mm,表明基于无衍射光束的探针与全站仪所构成的组合测量系统可满足大尺度空间中特征隐藏区空间坐标测量的要求。 相似文献
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点光源测头光束方向的标定 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
指出在采用点光源测头测量物面测点坐标时 ,因光束方向相对于机床坐标系的安装偏角而引起的测量误差问题。提出了一种标定光束方向的方法。设计 V形块做标定的靶标平面 ,通过在 V形块随各坐标轴做等距移动时采样 ,实现了点光源测头光束方向的标定。给出了标定光束方向后的测点坐标计算方法。并设计了仿真程序验证了该方法的可行性。仿真结果表明 ,当测头精度为 0 .0 1m m,光栅尺对机床位移的检测精度为 0 .0 0 2 mm时 ,光束方向的标定误差可以控制在 0 .1mrad的水平 相似文献