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1.
We report the results of magnetic, magnetocaloric properties, and critical behavior investigation of the double-layered perovskite manganite La1.4(Sr0.95Ca0.05)1.6Mn2O7. The compounds exhibits a paramagnetic (PM) to ferromagnetic (FM) transition at the Curie temperature T C = 248 K, a Neel transition at T N = 180 K, and a spin glass behavior below 150 K. To probe the magnetic interactions responsible for the magnetic transitions, we performed a critical exponent analysis in the vicinity of the FM–PM transition range. Magnetic entropy change (??S M) was estimated from isothermal magnetization data. The critical exponents β and γ, determined by analyzing the Arrott plots, are found to be T C = 248 K, β = 0.594, γ = 1.048, and δ = 2.764. These values for the critical exponents are close to the mean-field values. In order to estimate the spontaneous magnetization M S(T) at a given temperature, we use a process based on the analysis, in the mean-field theory, of the magnetic entropy change (??S M) versus the magnetization data. An excellent agreement is found between the spontaneous magnetization determined from the entropy change [(??S M) vs. M 2] and the classical extrapolation from the Arrott curves (µ0H/M vs. M 2), thus confirming that the magnetic entropy is a valid approach to estimate the spontaneous magnetization in this system and in other compounds as well.  相似文献   

2.
In this work, we studied in detail the magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of the La0.7Ca0.2Ba0.1MnO3 compound according to the phenomenological model. Based on this model, the magnetocaloric parameters such as the maximum of the magnetic entropy change ΔS M and the relative cooling power (RCP) have been determined from the magnetization data as a function of temperature at several magnetic fields. The theoretical predictions are found to closely agree with the experimental measurements, which make our sample a suitable candidate for refrigeration near room temperature. In addition, field dependences of \({{\Delta } S}_{\mathrm {M}}^{\max }\) and RCP can be expressed by the power laws \({\Delta S}_{\mathrm {M}}^{\max }\approx a\)(μ 0 H) n and RCP ≈b(μ 0 H) m , where a and b are coefficients and n and m are the field exponents, respectively. Moreover, phenomenological universal curves of entropy change confirm the second-order phase transition.  相似文献   

3.
We present an extensive study of the magnetic properties of a novel La0.5Ba0.5MnO3 perovskite material prepared by the hydrothermal method. The explored sample was structurally studied by the x-ray diffraction (XRD) method which confirms the formation of a pure cubic phase of a perovskite structure with Pm3m space group. The magnetic properties were probed by employing temperature M (T) and external magnetic field M (μoH) dependence of magnetization measurements. A magnetic phase transition from ferromagnetic to paramagnetic phase occurs at 339 K in this sample. The maximum magnetic entropy change (\(\left | {{\Delta } S}_{M}^{\max } \right |\)) took a value of 1.4 J kg??1 K??1 at the applied magnetic field of 4.0 T for the explored sample and has also been found to occur at Curie temperature (TC). This large entropy change might be instigated from the abrupt reduction of magnetization at TC. The magnetocaloric effect (MCE) is maximum at TC as represented by M (μoH) isotherms. The relative cooling power (RCP) is 243.2 J kg??1 at μoH =?4.0 T. Moreover, the critical properties near TC have been probed from magnetic data. The critical exponents δ, β, and γ with values 3.82, 0.42, and 1.2 are close to the values predicted by the 3D Ising model. Additionally, the authenticity of the critical exponents has been confirmed by the scaling equation of state and all data fall on two separate branches, one for T < TC and the other for T > TC, signifying that the critical exponents obtained in this work are accurate.  相似文献   

4.
The critical behavior of perovskite manganite La0.67Ba0.33Mn0.95Fe0.05O3 at the ferromagnetic–paramagnetic has been analyzed. The results show that the sample exhibited the second-order magnetic phase transition. The estimated critical exponents derived from the magnetic data using various such as modified d’Arrott plot Kouvel–Fisher method and critical magnetization M(T C, H). The critical exponents values for the La0.67Ba0.33Mn0.95Fe0.05O3 are close to those expected from the mean field model β = 0.504 ± 0.01 with T C = 275661 ± 0.447 (from the temperature dependence of the spontaneous magnetization below T C ), γ = 1.013 ± 0.017 with T C = 276132 ± 0.452 (from the temperature dependence of the inverse initial susceptibility above T C ), and δ = 3.0403 ± 0.0003. Moreover, the critical exponents also obey the single scaling equation of M(H, ε) = |ε| β f ±(H/|ε| β+γ ).  相似文献   

5.
Polycrystalline samples of BaTi1?xFexO3 (x = 0.00–0.30) are prepared by solid-state reaction method and their structural and magnetic properties are studied. Detailed investigation of XRD patterns reveal the coexistence of tetragonal (space group P4mm) and hexagonal phases (space group P6 3/mmc) for x ≥ 0.1. Magnetic measurements reveal room-temperature ferromagnetism in x = 0.15–0.3 samples, and their ferromagnetic transition temperature increases from 397 K for x = 0.15 to 464 K for x = 0.3. The initial magnetization curves for x = 0.15–0.3 are analyzed in terms of bound magnetic polaron (BMP) model. The analysis of susceptibility data in the paramagnetic region by Curie-Weiss law confirms the ferromagnetic transition for x ≥ 0.15 and the effective magnetic moment systematically increases with increase in Fe concentration.  相似文献   

6.
Single phase samples of Ni(Cr1?xMn x )2O4 (x = 0–0.50) were synthesized by using sol–gel route. Investigation of structural, magnetic, exchange bias and magnetization reversal properties was carried out in the bulk samples of Ni(Cr1?xMn x )2O4. Rietveld refinement of the X-ray diffraction patterns recorded at room temperature reveals the tetragonal structure for x = 0 sample with I41/amd space group and cubic structure for x ≥ 0.05 samples with \( {\text{Fd}\bar{3}\text{m}} \) space group. Magnetization measurements show that all samples exhibit ferrimagnetic behavior, and the transition temperature (TC) is found to increase from 73 K for x = 0 to 138 K for x = 0.50. Mn substitution induces magnetization reversal behavior especially for 30 at% of Mn in NiCr2O4 system with a magnetic compensation temperature of 45 K. This magnetization reversal is explained in terms of different site occupation of Mn ions and the different temperature dependence of the magnetic moments of different sublattices. Study of exchange bias behavior in x = 0.10 and 0.30 samples reveals that they exhibit negative and tunable positive and negative exchange bias behavior, respectively. The magnitudes of maximum exchange bias field of these samples are found to be 640 and 5306 Oe, respectively. Exchange bias in x = 0.10 sample originates from the anisotropic exchange interaction between the ferrimagnetic and the antiferromagnetic components of magnetic moment. The tunable exchange bias behavior in x = 0.30 sample is explained in terms of change in domination of one sublattice moment over the other as the temperature is varied.  相似文献   

7.
We report the synthesis of a single-phase rare-earth perovskite ErFe0.75Cr0.25O3 polycrystalline and its magnetic properties. A transition occurs at temperature T N = 120 K below which we observe a weak magnetic moment from the canted antiferromagnetism. Interestingly, ErFe0.75Cr0.25O3 reveals the compensation-like behavior at T comp?like = 27 K, where the net magnetic moments of transition-metal ions are antiparallel and equal to the induced net moment of Er3+ ions, and the paramagnetic contribution of Er3+ moment presenting a nonzero magnetization. The temperature-dependent magnetization measurement shows a spin reorientation transition from Γ4 to Γ1 at 6 K. Furthermore, it is also observed that there is a spin-flop transition at low temperature induced by external magnetic field in Γ1 state (antiferromagnetic state). The interaction between (Fe/Cr)-3d and Er-4f electrons drives an extremely interesting spin reorientation transition which is highly sensitive to magnetic field and temperature.  相似文献   

8.
The magnetic properties and the critical behavior in Sr1.5Nd0.5MnO4 have been investigated by magnetization measurements. The magnetic data indicate that the compound exhibits a second-order phase transition. The estimated critical exponents derived from the magnetic data using various techniques such as modified Arrott plot, Kouvel–Fisher method, and critical magnetization isotherms M (T C, H). The critical exponent values for this compound was found to match well with those predicted for the mean-field model (δ = 2.212 ± 0.124, γ = 0.975 ± 0.018, and β = 0.502 ± 0.012) at T C = 228.59 ± 0.17. The critical exponent γ is slightly inferior than predicted from the mean-field model. Such a difference may be due, within the context of the quenched disorder and essentially the presence of the Griffiths phase. The temperature variation in the effective exponent (γ eff) is similar to those for disordered ferromagnets.  相似文献   

9.
Epitaxial Sm0.35Pr0.15Sr0.5MnO3 thin films were deposited on LaAlO3 (LAO, (001)), SrTiO3 (STO, (001)), and (La0.18Sr0.82)(Al0.59Ta0.41)O3 (LSAT, (001)) single-crystalline substrates by using pulsed laser deposition technique. In order to examine the strain effect on electronic and magnetic properties, films were studied by X-ray diffraction, electrical resistivity, and dc magnetization measurements. The film grown on LAO substrate is under compressive strain, and it undergoes ferromagnetic → paramagnetic transition at Curie temperature (T C) of ~ 165 K and metal → insulator transition at ~ 107 K. The films grown on STO and LSAT substrates are under tensile strain and have T C of ~ 120 and 130 K, respectively, and show metal → insulator transition at ~ 145 and 137 K, respectively. At T < T C, the zerofield and fieldcooled magnetization curves of all the films show a huge bifurcation. In the case of films on STO and LSAT substrates, hysteresis is also observed in fieldcooled cooling and warming magnetization vs. temperature measurement protocols at low magnetic field. All the signatures of the firstorder magnetic phase transition are absent in the case of film on LAO substrate. The occurrence and absence of firstorder magnetic phase transition in films on LAO, STO, and LSAT substrates, respectively, have been well explained through the substrateinduced film lattice strain.  相似文献   

10.
Amorphous Co75Er17B8 ribbons were prepared by the melt spinning technique, and their magnetic properties were studied. Mean field theory was used to describe the temperature dependence of magnetization. High-field magnetization studies performed in magnetic fields up to 15 T have revealed a magnetic behavior typical of a non-collinear magnetic structure of Er and Co sublattices. The simulated magnetization curves show the existence of two critical fields at H cri1 =?9.5 T and H cri2 =?94.2 T, corresponding to collinear ferrimagnet, and collinear field-forced ferromagnetic behaviors. The high value of H cri2 highlights the strong antiferromagnetic interaction between Er and Co sublattices. From the non-collinear regime, the inter-subnetwork molecular field coefficients of the ferrimagnetic alloy were accurately evaluated. In addition, it is shown that the region of canted moments can be satisfactorily described by a phase diagram in the H-T plane.  相似文献   

11.
Fluctuations in the conductivity of Ba0.72K0.28Fe2As2 single crystal are studied systematically by resistance measurements as a function of temperature and magnetic field. A clear Maki?Thompson and Aslamakov?Larkin (MT–AL) two- to three-dimensional (2D–3D) crossover is found on the excess conductivity (Δσ) curves as the temperature approaches the superconducting critical temperature, T c. 3D fluctuations in superconductivity are realized near T c that are well fitted to experimental data by the 3D Aslamazov–Larkin theory. The Maki–Thompson model shows a 2D conductivity fluctuation above the 2D-3D temperature transition, T 0, which depends on magnetic field. Results show that the 2D-3D dimensional crossover moves to lower temperature with increasing magnetic field. The values of the transition temperature and the crossover in the reduced temperature, ln(ε 0), as functions of magnetic field were used to determine the coherence length and the lifetime, τ φ , of the fluctuational pairs at the temperature of 35 K. Analysis of the Ba0.72K0.28Fe2As2 single crystal gives a value of 3.76 × 10??12 s for the τ φ in the absence of magnetic field and it decreases to 2.4 × 10??12 s in magnetic field of 13 T.  相似文献   

12.
Structural, magnetic, magnetocaloric, and electrical properties are reported for mixed-valence manganite La0.67Pb0.13Na0.2MnO3. X-ray diffraction reveals that the sample crystallizes in the rhombohedric structure with the R-3c space group. The magnetic properties of the polycrystalline La0.67Pb0.13Na0.2MnO3 compound are discussed in detail, based on the susceptibility, magnetization, and isotherm. The sample presents a ferromagnetic property with T C= 275 K and a Griffiths phase at T G= 325 K which gives the existence of ferromagnetic clusters in the paramagnetic domain. A large deviation is usually observed between field cooled (FC) and zero field cooled (ZFC). M(T) is a low temperature below the blocking temperature. At 40 K, a spin-glass or a cluster-glass state is seen to arise from a ferromagnetic state. This is caused by the competition between the antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic interactions. The electrical properties show the presence of a metal–semiconductor transition at T M?Sc. To understand the dependence of disorder with the transport mechanism, we used the phenomenological equation for resistivity under a percolation approach, which is dependent on the phase segregation of a paramagnetic semiconductor and ferromagnetic metallic regions.  相似文献   

13.
We investigated the magnetic properties of a geometrically frustrated magnet of ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles by carrying out the comprehensive measurements of dc magnetization and ac susceptibility. Spin glass is confirmed to occur in this weakly Fe(Zn)-ionic-inversed sample. The common characteristics of spin glass including the aging, the memory, and the rejuvenation effects were observed. By using the critical-power law to study the spin dynamics, the spin-glass transition temperature Tg is obtained to be 18 K and the dynamic exponent zν is 8.0. The weak exchange interaction disorder introduced by the ferrimagnetic JAB interaction, together with the weak nonmagnetic dilute disorder induced by the ionic inversion, is responsible for the formation of spin glass in the ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles.  相似文献   

14.
The La0.78Dy0.02Ca0.2MnO3 (LDCMO) compound prepared via high-energy ball-milling (BM) presents a ferromagnetic-to-paramagnetic transition (FM-PM) and undergoes a second-order phase transition (SOFT). Based on a phenomenological model, magnetocaloric properties of the LDCMO compound have been studied. Thanks to this model, we can predict the values of the magnetic entropy change ΔS, the full width at half-maximum δ T FWHM, the relative cooling power (RCP), and the magnetic specific heat change ΔC p for our compound. The significant results under 2 T indicate that our compound could be considered as a candidate for use in magnetic refrigeration at low temperatures. In order to further understand the FM-PM transition, the associated critical behavior has been investigated by magnetization isotherms. The critical exponents estimated by the modified Arrott plot, the Kouvel–Fisher plot, and the critical isotherm technique are very close to those corresponding to the 3D-Ising standard model (β = 0.312 ± 0.07, γ = 1.28 ± 0.02, and δ = 4.80).Those results revealed a long-range ferromagnetic interaction between spins.  相似文献   

15.
A systematic study on the effect of monovalent cation doping on structural, magnetic, and magnetocaloric properties of Pr0.85 A 0.15MnO3 (A = Ag and K) samples synthesized by a sol-gel method has been carried out. The crystal structure and morphology have been worked by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging measurements. The XRD results indicate that both samples have orthorhombic structure. Magnetization versus temperature measurements show that our samples display a ferromagnetic-to-paramagnetic phase transition with increasing temperature. The ferromagnetic-to-paramagnetic phase transition temperature (T C) values were found as 74 and 116 K for Pr0.85Ag0.15MnO3 and Pr0.85 K 0.15MnO3, respectively. The magnetic entropy changes were evaluated from isothermal magnetization curves measured at various temperatures near T C by steps of 4 K. The values of the magnetic entropy change were determined as 0.99 and 1.39 J kg ?1 K ?1 for Pr0.85Ag0.15MnO3 and Pr0.85 K 0.15MnO3 under external field changes of 10 kOe, respectively.  相似文献   

16.
Magnetic entropy change (?ΔS M ) of Nd0.67 Ba0.33Mn0.98Fe0.02O3 perovskite have been analyzed by means of theoretical models. An excellent agreement has been found between the (ΔSM) values estimated by Landau theory and those obtained using the classical Maxwell relation. In order to estimate the spontaneous magnetization M s pont(T), we used the mean-field theory to analyses the (ΔSM) vs. M 2 data. The obtained M s pont(T) values are in good agreement with those found from the classical extrapolation from the Arrott plots(H/M vs. M 2), confirming that the magnetic entropy is a valid approach to estimate the spontaneous magnetization in our system. At a relatively low magnetic field, a phenomenological model has been used to estimate the values of the magnetic entropy change. The results are in good agreement with those obtained from the experimental data using Maxwell relation.  相似文献   

17.
Single-phase samples of Mn(Cr1?x Al x )2O4 (x = 0 – 0.30) with cubic spinel structure were prepared and the lattice constant is found to decrease from a = 8.4396 Å for x = 0 to a = 8.3801 Å for x = 0.30. The substitution of Al at Cr site is confirmed from the blue shift of Raman modes. Magnetization measurements and analysis show all the prepared samples exhibit ferrimagnetic transition with transition temperature in the range of 46 K for x = 0 to 33 K for x = 0.30. The saturation magnetization (M s ) and the estimated anisotropy constant (K) show an anomalous behavior up to x = 0.10 and beyond that they decrease monotonously. They are explained by considering different site preferences of Al 3+ ions as the doping concentration is increased. The theoretical and experimental effective magnetic moment of the samples is found to be comparable and it decreases with increase in Al concentration.  相似文献   

18.
The effects of Ba 2+ doping on the electrical and magnetic properties of charge-ordered Pr0.6Ca0.4MnO3 were investigated through electrical resistivity and AC susceptibility measurements. X-ray diffraction data analysis showed an increase in unit cell volume with increasing Ba 2+ content indicating the possibility of substituting Ba 2+ for the Ca-site. Electrical resistivity measurements showed insulating behavior and a resistivity anomaly at around 220 K. This anomaly is attributed to the existence of charge ordering transition temperature, \(T^{\mathrm {R}}_{\text {CO}}\) for the x = 0 sample. The Ba-substituted samples exhibited metallic to insulator transition (MI) behavior, with transition temperature, T MI, increasing from ~98 K (x = 0.1) to ~122 K (x = 0.3). AC susceptibility measurements showed ferromagnetic to paramagnetic (FM-PM) transition for Ba-substituted samples with FM-PM transition temperature, T c, increasing from ~121 K (x = 0.1) to ~170 K (x = 0.3), while for x = 0, an antiferromagnetic to paramagnetic transition behavior with transition temperature, T N, ~170 K was observed. In addition, inverse susceptibility versus T plot showed a deviation from the Curie–Weiss behavior above T c, indicating the existence of the Griffiths phase with deviation temperature, T G, increasing from 160 K (x = 0.1) to 206 K (x = 0.3). Magnetoresistance, MR, behavior indicates intrinsic MR mechanism for x = 0.1 which changed to extrinsic MR for x > 0.2 as a result of Ba substitution. The weakening of charge ordering and inducement of ferromagnetic metallic (FMM) state as well as increase in both T c and T MI are suggested to be related to the increase of tolerance factor, τ, and increase of e g ?electron bandwidth as average ionic radius at A-site, <r A> increased with Ba substitution. The substitution may have reduced MnO6 octahedral distortion and changed the Mn–O–Mn angle which, in turn, promotes itinerancy of charge carrier and enhanced double exchange mechanism. On the other hand, increase in A-site disorder, which is indicated by the increase in σ 2 is suggested to be responsible for the widening of the difference between T c and T MI.  相似文献   

19.
We report bulk superconductivity at 2.5 K in LaO0.5F0.5BiSe2 compound through the DC magnetic susceptibility and electrical resistivity measurements. The synthesized LaO0.5F0.5BiSe2 compound is crystallized in tetragonal structure with space group P4/nmm and Reitveld refined lattice parameters are a = 4.15(1) Å and c = 14.02(2) Å. The lower critical field of H c1 = 40 Oe, at temperature 2 K is estimated through the low field magnetization measurements. The LaO0.5F0.5BiSe2 compound showed metallic normal state electrical resistivity with residual resistivity value of 1.35 m Ω cm. The compound is a type-II superconductor, and the estimated H c2(0) value obtained by WHH formula is above 20 kOe for 90 % ρ n criteria. The superconducting transition temperature decreases with applied pressure till around 1.68 GPa and with further higher pressures a high- T c phase emerges with possible onset T c of above 5 K for 2.5 GPa.  相似文献   

20.
The superconducting properties of Nb2PdS5 superconductor have been investigated with Ni doping at Pd site All the bulk polycrystalline Nb2Pd1?xNix S 5 (0 = x ≤ 0.10) samples are crystallized in singlephase monoclinic structure. The electrical resistivity and magnetic measurements of Nb2Pd1?xNix S 5 (0 = x ≤ 0.15) were carried out to study the variation of superconducting critical parameters with Ni doping. Superconductivity in Nb2PdS5 sample completely disappears for x ≥ 0.15. We observed that the ratio of upper critical field to transition temperature decreases with increasing Ni concentration. Also, the magnetization study of Nb2Pd1?xNix S 5 (0 = x ≤ 0.15) samples shows similar superconducting behaviour. In summary, the superconductivity in Nb2PdS5 sample is slightly varying with partial doping of Ni at Pd site in Nb2PdS5 superconductor.  相似文献   

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