三热源吸收式制冷机的传热面积优化

建立了一种可以充分利用低温热源驱动而获得制冷量的三热源制冷机模型,考虑传热及工质内部的摩擦、涡流和其它不可逆性对三热源制冷机循环性能的影响,以总传热面积为优化函数,导出其最小传热面积与三热源熵变化率的关系并得到了热力学第二定律的类比表达式,获得了最佳制冷率与性能系数和传热面的优化关系.分析了工质内部不可逆性对制冷机性能的影响,所得结论可以描述同时受内外不可逆性影响的三热源吸收式制冷机的优化特性,可为吸收式制冷机的优化设计和性能改进提供新的理论途径.     

三热源吸收式制冷机的传热面积优化

建立了一种可以充分利用低温热源驱动而获得制冷量的三热源制冷机模型，考虑传热及工质内部的摩擦、涡流和其它不可逆性对三热源制冷机循环性能的影响，以总传热为优化函数，导出其最小传热面积与三热源熵变化率的关系并得到了热力学第二定律的类比表达式，获得了最佳制冷率与性能系数和传热面的优化关系，分析了工质内部不可逆性对制冷机性能的影响，所得结论可以描述同时受内外不可逆性影响的三热源吸收式制冷机的优化特性，可为吸收式制冷机的优化设计和性能改进提供新的理论途径。     

不可逆四热源吸收式制冷机的最优性能

为从热力学角度获得吸收式制冷机更为有用的性能上界,建立其四热源循环模型.该模型将吸收式制冷机视为一个由不可逆卡诺热机驱动的不可逆卡诺制冷机的联合循环系统,考虑热阻及工质内部耗散的不可逆性.运用优化理论,推导出:制冷量与性能系数间的基本优化关系;总热导率在各换热器间的最优分配关系;最大制冷量及相应性能系数的一般表达式.与三热源制冷循环模型相比,四热源制冷循环模型更接近于实际的吸收式制冷机.     

有限热容不可逆四热源吸收式制冷机的优化

将吸收式制冷机视为由不可逆卡诺热机驱动不可逆卡诺制冷机的联合循环系统,应用有限时间热力学理论建立了既考虑内、外不可逆性影响,又考虑有限热容影响的、更接近于实际系统的热力学模型。引入两个内不可逆性参数,分别用于描述热机循环的内不可逆性和制冷循环的内不可逆性。利用所建模型,由拉格朗日乘数法推导出吸收式制冷机的基本优化关系、相应的优化设计条件以及工质的最优工作温度。还利用这些关系式进行了一些分析和讨论,得到了一些有益于实际吸收式制冷机优化设计与改进的简化关系式和重要结论。     

有限热容不可逆四热源吸收式制冷机的优化

将吸收式制冷机视为由不可逆卡诺热机驱动不可逆卡诺制冷机的联合循环系统,应用有限时间热力学理论建立了既考虑内、外不可逆性影响,又考虑有限热容影响的、更接近于实际系统的热力学模型。引入两个内不可逆性参数,分别用于描述热机循环的内不可逆性和制冷循环的内不可逆性。利用所建模型,由拉格朗日乘数法推导出吸收式制冷机的基本优化关系、相应的优化设计条件以及工质的最优工作温度。还利用这些关系式进行了一些分析和讨论,得到了一些有益于实际吸收式制冷机优化设计与改进的简化关系式和重要结论。     

不可逆卡诺制冷机的有限时间热力学分析

自有限时间热力学问世以来,采用内可逆卡诺制冷机理论模型,讨论工质与热源之间的传热不可逆性对制冷机的优化性能的影响,取得了许多重要的结论.由于实际过程是不可逆过程,所以研究和分析各种不可逆损失及其对制冷机的性能的影响,是机器设计的主要任务之一.本文将在内可逆卡诺制冷机的理论模型基础上,考虑在制冷机的压缩和膨胀过程中由于摩擦阻力引起的内部不可逆因素,忽略过程中的散热影响(因为过程进行很     

顺磁质不可逆斯特林制冷循环的优化分析

建立了考虑热阻、热漏、有限速率过程及其它内不可逆性因素的以顺磁质为工质的斯特林制冷机的不可逆模型,导出了最大制冷率以及对应的最佳制冷系数     

溴化锂吸收式制冷机模块设计及优化

为改变目前溴化锂吸收式制冷机设计上的计算繁琐、设计灵活性差、精度不够等设计现状，通过对溴化锂吸收式制冷机的系统分析、工质的热物理参数的拟合、整理及利用计算机辅助设计，建立了一套完整的溴化锂吸收式制冷机的设计模型。该模型由７个模块组成，７个模块自成体系，即可独立运行，又可搭接使用。     

量子斯特林制冷机Yong经济优化准则

研究了量子斯特林制冷机的有机时间Ｙｏｎｇ经济最优性能，得到了量子制冷机的量子大利润率和最佳制冷系统，导出了制冷率和制冷系数之间的优化关系。     

工质非理想性对非金属低温制冷机性能的影响

当制冷机的制冷温度低于20K时,工质氦的非理想性逐趋明显。本文初步探讨了氦工质的非理想性对非金属制冷机的制冷量和制冷温度的影响,分析了冷(?)由于进气和排气过程压力不平(?)引起的失焓现象,给出了计算公式和计算结果,并且对低温下回热器性能恶化和失焓效应对制冷性能的综合影响进行了扼要讨论。     

制冷机传热面积的优化分析

本文研究热阻、摩擦和热漏影响下制冷机传热面积的优化问题，导出制冷机的最佳传热面积比以及最小总传热面积与制冷系数和制冷率间的关系．     

An entransy dissipation-based optimization principle for solar power tower plants

The entransy theory,which can be used to optimize the heat transfer network of a solar power tower system(SPTS)and improve its energy efficiency,was introduced in this paper.Firstly,the irreversibility of the heat transfer processes in a SPTS was analyzed and the total entransy dissipation equation of a SPTS was derived.Then,two types of optimization problems(reducing the total circulating flow rate or the total heat-exchanging area)of a SPTS were solved with conditional extremum model based on the formulas of total entransy dissipation.Finally,the entransy dissipation-based optimization principle was applied to a simple SPTS without re-heater and a complex SPTS with a re-heater.The results showed that under the chosen calculation conditions the minimum total thermal conductance was 19306.03 W K?1 for a SPTS without re-heater when the total heat capacity rate of heat transfer fluid(HTF)was 3200 W K?1.The minimum total thermal conductance was about 7.9%lower than the value predicted based on the typical outlet temperature of a receiver.This meant that the total heat exchange area or initial investment could be effectively reduced under the prescribed total HTF circulating flow rate.We also studied the variation trends of the two optimized results including minimum total HTF heat capacity rate and minimum total thermal conductance.The minimum total HTF heat capacity rate decreased with the given total thermal conductance,the minimum total thermal conductance decreased first and then increased with the given total HTF heat capacity rate.We also found that for a SPTS with a re-heater,the mixing temperature and the mixing position of HTF had significant effects on the two types of optimization problems.     

磁性斯特林制冷机的有限时间热力学分析

本文研究传热不可逆，过程进行速率有限对磁性斯特林制冷机最优性能的影响。导出最佳制冷率和制冷系数的关系，从而丰富了制冷循环的有限时间热力学理论。     

制冷机的制冷率和转速间的优化关系

以内可逆卡诺制冷机模型为基础，采用卡诺制冷机的“生态学”优化准则，导出以理想气体或范德瓦尔斯气体为工质的内可逆卡诺制冷机制冷率和转速间的优化关系．     

Thermal analysis of a solar parabolic trough receiver tube with porous insert optimized by coupling genetic algorithm and CFD

In this paper, the heat transfer enhancement in a solar parabolic trough receiver tube with porous insert and non-uniform heat flux condition was investigated. A new optimization method, which couples genetic algorithm (GA) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) based on Socket communication, was proposed to optimize the configuration of porous insert. After the acquisition of the optimal porous inserts, some performance evaluation criterions such as synergy angle, entransy dissipation and exergy loss were introduced to discuss the heat transfer performance of the enhanced receiver tubes (ERTs) with optimal and referenced porous inserts. The results showed that, for a large range of properties of porous insert (including porosity and thermal conductivity) and Reynolds number, the heat-transfer performance of ERT with porous insert optimized by GA is always higher than that of the referenced ERTs. Better heat-transfer performance can further improve the solar-to-thermal energy conversion efficiency and mechanical property of the solar parabolic trough receiver. When some porous materials with high thermal conductivity are adopted, ERT can simultaneously obtain perfect thermal and thermo-hydraulic performance with using the same optimized porous insert, which cannot be achieved by using the referenced porous insert. In the view of those introduced evaluation criterions, using the optimized porous insert can obtain better synergy performance and lesser irreversibility of heat transfer than using the referenced porous insert. Entransy dissipation per unit energy transferred and exergy loss rate have equivalent effects on the evaluation of irreversibility of heat transfer process. These evaluation criterions can be used as optimization goals for enhancing the comprehensive performance of the solar parabolic trough receiver.