Lightning occurrence data observed with lightning location systems of electric power companies in Japan: 2009–2013

Nine electric power companies in Japan have been collecting lightning data with lightning location systems. Five years of the lightning data (2009–2013) are summarized and analyzed in this paper. The recent annual number of lightning flashes of which the current is more than 10 kA in Japan is around 1 million. The variations of lightning occurrence characteristics by areas, seasons, and so on, are clarified. Meteorological conditions that may affect lightning occurrence are also discussed. Furthermore, we show that there is a clear correlation between the number of lightning strikes and the outage rate of transmission lines. © 2016 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

基于雷电定位系统的电网防雷研究

传统的雷电地域分布采用雷电日(雷暴日)的概念,但所有可听雷声中云间雷占有一定比例,而只有地面落雷密度才对电网防雷有影响.从高级调度中心的建设需求出发,根据雷电定位系统统计数据计算出地区落雷密度,从而使华东地区线路跳闸率计算方法更精确,可供防雷的分析研究参考.     

基于雷电定位系统的浙江电网线路雷击跳闸率评估

通过雷电定位系统观测的基础数据,评估浙江电网110～220 kV线路的雷击跳闸率,探讨传统雷击跳闸率算法的缺点,提出了算法改进的建议.     

闪电定位仪观测结果的修订分析

对江苏省电力部门和江苏省气象部门的两种不同闪电定位系统记录的地闪资料统计分析,发现电力部门的闪电观测记录明显比气象部门的多,而二者变化趋势基本一致,介绍了经采用剔除不可靠观测记录以及用回击、电流处理方法修正处理后的两套系统探测数据的对比分析发现,电力部门和气象部门的闪电记录相差很小,有关南京地区的闪电月分布、日分布、闪电密度空间分布大抵相符,表明这种对观测结果进行修正的方法是有效的,有利于双方资料的共享与互补。     

浙江电网雷电定位系统落雷密度图分级应用的研究

分析了浙江电网各地区2004~2006年线路雷击跳闸次数与落雷密度的相关性、3年间多次雷击跳闸的线路雷击故障点与落雷密度分布的相关性,从而发现高落雷密度区域线路雷击跳闸率高于低落雷密度区域的特点,据此提出了落雷密度图分级应用的初步设想。     

Evaluation of lightning fault rate of EHV transmission line based on lightning parameters derived from electromagnetic observation

Cloud-to-ground lightning flashes in the Niigata area in Japan have been observed for a few years by a magnetic direction-finder network. Data obtained so far are analyzed carefully taking into account the operating characteristics of the system. As a result, frequency distributions of return-stroke current for each polarity are produced, and their seasonal variations and the occurrence probabilities of high current exceeding 200 kA are clarified. Based on the estimated current distributions, back-flashover rates of 500-kV 2 cct transmission lines are calculated. It is known that the back-flashover caused by downward flashes can account for most of the line outages in the summer for both single- and multiple-line faults. However, this mechanism cannot explain the high outage rate in the winter experienced in the winter thunderstorm area in the late 1970s. In spite of the low lightning flash density in the winter, the multiple-line fault rate in the winter caused by back-flashovers is predicted to be comparable to that in the summer, because of the seasonal variation of the frequency distributions of return-stroke current.     

重庆电网输电线路防雷计算中参数的选取

为搞好重庆电网线路耐雷水平评估,针对现有规程中对地面落雷密度选取的建议和重庆地区的实际情况,提出了按照国际大电网会议推荐的公式和50个雷电日计算地面落雷密度。根据雷电定位系统在重庆地区2003~2005年所测数据统计得到了重庆地区雷电流幅值的概率分布公式;采用新的雷电参数计算了重庆电网的雷击跳闸率。通过与线路实际运行数据的比较对重庆地区雷电参数的选取提出了建议,为输电线路防雷计算中参数的选取提供了新的思路。     

220 kV新杭线Ⅰ回路27年雷电流幅值实测结果的技术分析

根据220 kV新杭线Ⅰ回路全线1962—1988年实测得到的716次雷击记录,分析了该线雷击闪络原因,求得了绕击率和雷击跳闸率;并根据雷击跳闸率的变化和雷电流在杆塔中的分流情况,说明改进防雷措施。根据全线雷击点位置的统计确定了多雷区和易击点,为该线有重点、有选择性地加强防雷措施提供了实测依据。此外,还对这些实测数据进行分类统计,得到了该线雷电流幅值累积概率分布等雷电自然参数。     

湖南省雷电活动及其规律的分析

地闪活动规律是防雷工程中重要的基础资料,可以为输电线路路经的选择及采取有效的防雷措施提供参考依据。为掌握湖南省雷电活动及其规律,根据湖南省雷电定位系统2002—2010年共9a的雷电数据,统计分析了湖南的雷电流强度概率分布;结合气象观测站1997—2003年雷暴日观测记录,利用地理信息系统（GIS）,采用网格法统计不同...     

Brainstorm optimisation algorithm (BSOA): An efficient algorithm for finding optimal location and setting of FACTS devices in electric power systems

In electric power systems, finding optimal location and setting of flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices represents a difficult optimisation problem. This is due to its discrete, multi-objective, multi-modal and constrained nature. Finding near-global solutions in such a problem is very demanding. Brainstorm optimisation algorithm (BSOA) is a novel promising heuristic optimisation algorithm inspired by brainstorming process in human beings. In this paper, BSOA is employed to find optimal location and setting of FACTS devices. Static var compensators (SVC’s) and thyristor controlled series compensators (TCSC’s) are used as FACTS devices. FACTS allocation problem is formulated as a multi-objective problem whose objectives are voltage profile enhancement, overload minimisation and loss minimisation. The results of applying BSOA to FACTS allocation problem in IEEE 57 bus system demonstrate its high efficacy in solving this problem both with TCSC and SVC units. BSOA leads to better voltage profile and lower losses than particle swarm optimisation (PSO), genetic algorithm (GA), differential evolution (DE), simulated annealing (SA), hybrid of genetic algorithm and pattern search (GA–PS), backtracking search algorithm (BSA), gravitational search algorithm (GSA) and asexual reproduction optimisation (ARO). The findings of this research can be used by power system decision makers in order to establish a better voltage profile and lower voltage deviations during contingencies.