福建省放射性密封源现状及管理对策研究

近年来,福建省核技术得到快速发展,但各种丢源事故也有逐渐增加的趋势。为此,必须不断加强放射源的闭环管理．重点解决无证购买和使用放射源问题,建立快速反应的应急队伍和速报机制,加大经常性监督力度,保证福建省的辐射环境安全。     

浅议辐射环境管理的对策和途径

辐射环境安全监督管理是国家安全的主要内容之一，基层环保部门是辐射环境安全的基本力量。结合基层环保部门环境辐射监管实际，提出市县级基层环保部门提高辐射环境安全能力建设的对策和途径。     

核电厂外围空气吸收剂量率数据质量保证

介绍了福建省各核电厂外围环境空气吸收剂量率数据的质量保证方法。通过高压电离室的仪器比对、不同系统之间的比较、季度期间核查和日常数据审核,确保空气吸收剂量率数据真实、准确和全面,为全省核与辐射监管提供基础性数据和环境决策的科学依据。     

被动房空调系统绿色设计——以某办公楼为例

以某四层办公楼为例,介绍了被动房的设计,详细描述了此工程带冷热盘管的热回收新风系统+地板辐射供暖供冷系统的设计过程,从设计的角度,本工程采用带冷热盘管的热回收新风系统+地板辐射供暖/供冷的系统,在很大程度上降低了单纯全空气系统大风量所带来的噪声、强吹风感,提高了办公环境的舒适性。冷热源采用空气源热泵,最大程度地利用可再生能源,减少一次性燃料的消耗,节约能源,保护环境,降低了对环境的污染。为人们提供健康、舒适的办公环境,与自然和谐共生。     

实用太阳能低温热水地板辐射采暖系统设计

针对我国能源消耗结构带来的环境问题,在现有太阳能资源和低温地板辐射采暖理论基础上,设计了家用小型太阳能低温热水地板辐射采暖系统。介绍了系统结构和工作原理,并以云南香格里拉气象条件为例对所设计的系统进行了实例计算,在采暖代表日,集热器与采暖房间的面积之比约为2:5。此系统具有较好的经济、节能、环保效益,具有良好的推广应用价值。     

水电监控远动通信信息点表自动比对及同步技术研究

为减少流域梯级调度监控系统应用过程中远动通信测点数量规模庞大,同时单个测点属性较多且维护频度高带来的运维工作量巨大而导致的不确定性,降低电力系统安全稳定高效运行的风险,通过分析不同监控系统远动通信信息点表和数据库测点分布属性等特性,研究流域梯级调度监控系统数据库及远动通信信息点表的自动比对及同步方法,实现梯级调度监控系统在不同系统架构、不同数据规模下的数据库及远动通信信息点表比对及同步方法的自动化。分别给出同型和异构平台下对比同步的模型和算法,设计了数据库对比及自动同步软件模块和远动点表对比和自动同步软件模块的实现方式,避免了大数据规模、高频次操作环境下人工比对及同步方式给电力安全运行带来的风险。     

云南电网营销监控系统的建设与应用

通过对云南电网公司电力营销管理中具体工作、标准化工作、信息化工作现状的分析,提出了营销监控系统的应用框架设计,同时阐述了营销资源整合、业务流程监督、客户服务监管、营销运营管理等系统功能.提出了应依托信息技术,与电力营销监控系统建设紧密结合,建立具有全过程闭环管理模式的省、地两级电力营销监控标准化工作体系,可以较好地推动...     

基于传输系统的机房动力环境监控策略研究与实现

安徽电力部分变电站通信机房动力环境得不到有效监控,而通用监控系统部署复杂,实施周期较长。文章结合安徽电力通信传输网特点,提出一种基于传输系统实现的动力环境集中监控策略,并以中兴ZXSM S390设备和华为OSN 3500设备为例介绍了监控策略的配置和实现方法。通过此策略可以迅速建立变电站通信机房集中监控系统,有效提升对变电站通信设备的监控水平。     

监控系统看门狗信号误动作的原因分析与处理

张河湾电站全厂监控系统经过了多年运行,渐渐面临着元器件老化等问题,2015年6月主用PLC的看门狗信号动作报警,这给机组的正常运行带来了隐患。通过对监控系统内PLC控制程序进行了修改优化,不仅有效地解决了问题,并且提高了监控系统运行的稳定可靠性。     

基于信息技术的煤矿安全网络体系的创建撤回

我国是煤炭生产大国,由于煤矿开采技术水平较低,导致我国煤矿安全事故频发。相关部门设计软件对煤矿安全生产进行监管,主要系统包括煤矿安全生产监控系统、煤矿通信系统等。随着信息技术的应用发展,系统功能不断完善。煤矿安全监控系统与移动设备结合成为煤矿安全管理的趋势。现代信息技术引导下,将计算机技术引入煤矿安全管理对提高管理水平,增加企业效益具有重要作用。本文分析基于信息技术的煤矿安全管理系统,探讨信息技术在安全管理中的应用。     

质子治疗设施的辐射防护问题研究

质子治疗是目前肿瘤放射治疗先进的手段之一，但质子治疗设施在使用中会产生辐射，为了确保其安全运营，周围环境和人员所受到的电离辐射满足国家相关规范要求，需要考虑质子治疗设施的辐射防护问题。通过对质子治疗机理和屏蔽原理的分析，提出辐射防护设计方法，即确定辐射防护设计目标，进行源项评估，综合考虑设备使用的便利性和安全、工程造价等因素，确定屏蔽材料和参数，经屏蔽计算，设置安全联锁系统和辐射监测系统，确保医护人员受到的职业照射、大众受到的公众照射满足安全剂量要求。     

高速公路辐射环境监测技术的应用

近年来,不少处于高辐射区域的大型土地利用项目（高速公路、铁路建设）在施工前需进行辐射环境监测与评估,再根据环评结果在施工过程中采取有效的辐射防护措施。叙述了某高速公路及隧道工程对辐射环境监测技术的应用,涉及的参数包括γ强度、吸收剂量、内外照射指数、U,Lr,K元素的含量、U,Lr,K元素的比活度等。     

电磁辐射污染与监测综述

电磁辐射污染直接影响环境及人体健康.叙述了电磁辐射污染的分类、危害及防护措施,指出了进行电磁环境监测的重要性.     

混合动力摩托车动力电池的监测系统研究

环境和能源问题要求未来的汽车提高效率、降低污染,辅助混合动力电动汽车将成为主要的发展方向。本文以混合动力摩托车为平台,研究设计了动力电池的监测系统,该系统可实时对每块电池的电压、电流、温度进行检测,并估计电池的荷电状态,并可对电池的电压、温度及电池间电压不均衡性进行监测预警,提供能量管理系统的控制参数。     

Insolation modeling overview

This paper gives a summary of some of the major national projects in the area of solar radiation resource assessment. It also discusses the primary solar radiation data sources for the U.S. and the models that were used in developing these sources. Recommendations for appropriate solar radiation resource information for various types of solar system design and analysis needs are given.     

Exergy of undiluted thermal radiation

The present work discusses the existing formulae for calculation of the thermal radiation exergy. Some clarifications of terms used are given with interpretative comments. Discussed are the author’s derivation procedures for three categories of radiation; enclosed system, black flux, and any arbitrary radiation flux. The formulae for radiation conversion to work or heat are established. The following peculiarities of thermal radiation are next discussed: irreversibility of emission and absorption of radiation, significance of thermal radiation exergy for a zero environment temperature, exergy of “lacking radiation”, exergy at a varying environment temperature, and the analogy between exergy of substance and radiation. Utilization of solar radiation, by an absorbing surface, is evaluated and the optimum temperature of this surface is determined. The above considerations were the basis for discussing the exergy radiation formulae by Spanner and Jeter, as well as for discussing the viewpoints of Bejan and some other researchers.     

Performance monitoring results of the first grid-connected BIPV system in Colombia

This paper summarizes the operational performance results of the first grid-connected building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) system installed in Colombia (in Bogotá, at 4°35′ latitude and 2.580 m altitude) after two years of monitoring. The performance monitoring was carried out with a sophisticated monitoring system, designed and implemented by us using the virtual instrumentation concept. The following parameters were measured: DC and AC power, inverter and system conversion efficiency, energy generated by the PV array, AC energy produced by the BIPV system, parameters to analyze power quality (%THD, harmonic components, frequency, voltage, flickers, power factor, active power, apparent power and reactive power), solar radiation in the inclination plane of the panels and environment temperature.The data obtained allowed to evaluate the general performance and the quality of the electric power generated by the photovoltaic plant. The results indicated that the power generated by the grid-connected BIPV plant fulfills the specifications demanded for such systems by National and International standards.     

福岛核事故辐射泄漏影响因素的关联度对比分析

研究各个因素对核辐射泄漏的影响程度,对于控制核辐射泄漏、防止核辐射扩散有重要价值。运用多元线性回归分析方法和灰色理论中斜率关联度分析方法,对日本福岛核事故中辐射泄漏的影响因素进行分析。以福岛第一核电站厂区西门监测点辐射剂量值为对照序列,对厂区西门辐射剂量与受损的一号机组堆内水位和压力进行影响程度分析。选择一号机组内压力值、水位值为相关参数,计算得到各个参数与厂区西门辐射剂量的关联度或权重值。将两种方法的计算结果进行比较,结果一致。考虑到基于灰色理论的斜率关联度法可以在源数据缺少完整性与连续性时使用,因此在核辐射泄漏影响因素研究中,这是一种值得发展的新方法。     

Optimization of the photovoltaic-hydrogen supply system of a stand-alone remote-telecom application

Hydrogen is considered as the optimal carrier for the surplus energy storage from renewable resources. Although hydrogen and its application in fuel cell is considered as a high-cost energy system, some cost-efficient solutions have been found for their use in stand-alone applications, which usually depend on the variability of renewable sources that have to be oversized in order to reduce their dependence on external energy sources. This paper shows the results from the simulation of several alternatives of introducing hydrogen technologies to increase the independence of a remote-telecom application fed by photovoltaic panels. Hydrogen is obtained by electrolysis and it is used in a fuel cell when the renewable energy source is not enough to maintain the stand-alone application. TRNSYS simulation environment has been used for evaluating the proposed alternatives. The results show that the best configuration option is that considering the use of hydrogen as a way to storage the surplus of radiation and the management system can vary the number of photovoltaic panels assigned to feed the hydrogen generation, the batteries or the telecom application.     

Performance evaluation of hybrid (wind/solar/diesel) power systems

Depleting oil and gas reserves, combined with the growing concerns of global warming, have made it inevitable to seek alternative/renewable energy sources. The integration of renewables such as solar and wind energy is becoming increasingly attractive and is being used widely, for substitution of oil-produced energy, and eventually to minimize atmospheric degradation. The literature shows that commercial/residential buildings in Saudi Arabia consume an estimated 10–40% of the total electric energy generated. In the present investigation, hourly wind-speed and solar radiation measurements made at the solar radiation and meteorological monitoring station, Dhahran (26°32′ N, 50°13′ E), Saudi Arabia, have been analyzed to investigate the feasibility of using hybrid (wind+solar+diesel) energy conversion systems at Dhahran to meet the energy needs of twenty 2-bedroom houses. The monthly average wind speeds for Dhahran range from 4.1 to 6.4 m/s. The monthly average daily values of solar radiation for Dhahran range from 3.6 kWh/m² to 7.96 kWh/m². The performance of hybrid systems consisting of different rated power wind farms, photovoltaic (PV) areas, and storage capacities together with a diesel back-up are presented. The monthly average daily energy generated from the above hybrid system configuration has been presented. The deficit energy generated from the back-up diesel generator and the number of operational hours of the diesel system to meet a specific annual electrical energy demand of 702,358 kWh have also been presented.