TiSiWl2O40／TiO2催化合成异丁醛1，2-丙二醇缩醛

以固载杂多酸盐TiSiW12O40／TiO2为多相催化剂，对以异丁醛和1，2-丙二醇为原料合成异丁醛1，2-N2醇缩醛的反应条件进行了研究。实验表明：TiSiWl2O40／TiO2是合成异丁醛1，2-N2醇缩醛的良好催化剂，较系统地研究了醛醇摩尔比、催化剂用量、反应时间诸因素对收率的影响。最佳反应条件为：n(异丁醛)：n(1，2-丙二醇)=1：1．5，催化剂用量为反应物料总质量的0．5％，环己烷为带水剂，反应时间1．0h。上述条件下，异丁醛1，2-丙二醇缩醛的收率可达80．2％．     

TiSiW_(12)O_(40)/TiO_2催化合成异丁醛1,2-丙二醇缩醛

以固载杂多酸盐TiSiW12 O40 /TiO2 为多相催化剂 ,对以异丁醛和 1,2 -丙二醇为原料合成异丁醛 1,2 -丙二醇缩醛的反应条件进行了研究。实验表明 :TiSiW12 O40 /TiO2 是合成异丁醛 1,2 -丙二醇缩醛的良好催化剂 ,较系统地研究了醛醇摩尔比、催化剂用量、反应时间诸因素对收率的影响。最佳反应条件为 :n(异丁醛 ) :n( 1,2 -丙二醇 ) =1:1.5 ,催化剂用量为反应物料总质量的 0 .5 % ,环己烷为带水剂 ,反应时间 1.0h。上述条件下 ,异丁醛 1,2 -丙二醇缩醛的收率可达 80 .2 % .     

SO2-4/TiO2-La2O3催化合成丁醛乙二醇缩醛

以稀土改性固体超强酸SO4^2-／TiO2-La2O3为多相催化剂，丁醛和乙二醇为原料合成丁醛乙二醇缩醛，探讨了SO4^2-／TiO2-La2O3催化剂对缩醛反应的催化活性，较系统地研究了原料量比、催化剂用量、反应时间诸因素对产品收率的影响。实验表明：在n(丁醛)：n(乙二醇)为1：1．5、催化剂用量为反应物料总质量的0．50％、环己烷为带水剂、反应时间1．0h的优化条件下，丁醛乙二醇缩醛的收率可达95．3％。     

固体超强酸SO4^2-／TiO2-WO3催化合成异丁醛乙二醇缩醛

以固体超强酸SO4^2-／TiO2-WO3为催化剂，对以异丁醛和乙二醇为原料合成异丁醛乙二醇缩醛的反应条件进行了研究。实验表明：SO4^2-／TiO2-WO3是合成异丁醛乙二醇缩醛的良好催化剂，较系统地研究了醛醇物质量比、催化剂用量、反应时间诸因素对收率的影响。最佳反应条件为：n(异丁醛)：n(乙二醇)=1．0：1．6，催化剂用量为反应物料总质量的1．0％，环己烷为带水剂，反应时间为75min。上述条件下，异丁醛乙二醇缩醛的收率可达63．8％。     

硅钨钼酸掺杂聚苯胺催化合成丁醛乙二醇缩醛

以硅钨钼酸（H4SiW6Mo6O40）掺杂聚苯胺（PAn）的H4SiW6Mo6O40／PAn为催化剂．对丁醛和乙二醇合成丁醛乙二醇缩醛进行了研究。考察了原料量比、催化剂用量、反应时间、带水剂用量等对丁醛乙二醇缩醛产品收率的影响。实验表明：硅钨钼酸掺杂聚苯胺是合成丁醛乙二醇缩醛的良好催化剂。在n（丁醛）;n（乙二醇）为1：1.25,催化剂用量为反应物料总质量0．8％．环己烷为带水剂,反应时间1．0h的条件下,丁醛乙二醇缩醛产品收率为70．3％。     

合成丁醛乙二醇缩醛的催化剂研究进展

综述了氯化铁、硫酸铁、硫酸铁铵、SnO、硫酸铜、磺化聚氯乙烯、聚氯乙烯 三氯化铁、D61和D72离子交换树脂、维生素C、固体超强酸TiO2/SO42-、固体超强酸SO42-/TiO2 MoO3、钨硅酸、固载杂多酸盐TiSiW12O40/TiO2以及HY分子筛等14种催化剂催化合成丁醛乙二醇缩醛的实验结果。结果表明:磺化聚氯乙烯、聚氯乙烯 三氯化铁、D61和D72离子交换树脂和TiSiW12O40/TiO2等4种催化剂对合成丁醛乙二醇缩醛的收率较高,具有实际应用价值。     

SO4^2—／TiO2—MoO3催化合成异丁醛1，2—丙二醇缩醛

以固体超强酸SO4^2—／TiO2-MoO3为催化剂，对以异丁醛(Ⅱ)和1，2-丙二醇(Ⅲ)为原料合成异丁醛1，2—丙二醇缩醛(I)的反应条件进行了研究。实验表明：SO4^2—／TiO2-MoO3是合成异丁醛1，2-丙二醇缩醛的良好催化剂，较系统地研究了醛醇摩尔比、催化剂用量、反应时间诸因素对收率的影响。最佳反应条件为：n(异丁醛)：n(1，2-丙二醇)＝1：1．3，催化剂用量为反应物料总质量的1．0％，环己烷为带水剂，反应时间1．0h。上述条件下，异丁醛1，2—丙二醇缩醛的收率可达82．5％。     

TiSiW12O40/TiO2催化合成苯甲醛1,2-丙二醇缩醛

以固载杂多酸盐TiSiW12O40/TiO2为多相催化剂，通过苯甲醛和1，2-丙二醇反应合成苯甲醛1，2-丙二醇缩醛，探讨了TiSiW12O40/TiO2对缩醛反应的催化活性，较系统地研究了原料量比，催化剂用量，反应时间诸因素对产品收率的影响，实验表明：TiSiW12O40/TiO2是合成苯甲醛1，2-丙二醇缩醛的良好催化剂，在苯甲醛与1，2-丙二醇的摩尔比为1：1.5，催化剂用量为反应物料总质量的0.3%，环已烷为带水剂，反应时间1.0h的优化条件下，苯甲醛1，2-丙二醇缩醛的收率可达90.0%。     

硅钨酸掺杂聚苯胺催化剂催化合成丁醛乙二醇缩醛

自制了硅钨酸(H4SiW12O40)掺杂聚苯胺(PAn)催化剂H4SiW12O40/PAn。以丁醛和乙二醇为原料合成丁醛乙二醇缩醛,探讨了硅钨酸掺杂聚苯胺催化剂对缩醛反应的催化活性,较系统地研究了原料量比、催化剂用量、反应时间诸因素对产品收率的影响。实验表明:硅钨酸掺杂聚苯胺是合成丁醛乙二醇缩醛的良好催化剂,在n(乙二醇)/n(丁醛)=1 5,催化剂用量为反应物料总质量的1 2%,环己烷为带水剂,反应时间1 0h的优化条件下,丁醛乙二醇缩醛的收率可达89 7%。     

硅钨钼酸掺杂聚苯胺催化合成丁醛1，2-丙二醇缩醛

自制了硅钨钼酸（H4SiW6Mo6O40）／PAn（聚苯胺）催化剂。通过丁醛和1，2-丙二醇为原料合成丁醛1，2-丙二醇缩醛，探讨了H4SiW6Mo6O40／PAn催化剂对缩醛反应的催化活性，较系统地研究了原料量比，催化剂用量，反应时间诸因素对产品收率的影响。实验表明：H4SiW6Mo6O40／PAn是合成丁醛1，2-丙二醇缩醛的良好催化剂，在n（丁醛）：n（1，2．丙二醇）=1：1．7，催化剂用量为反应物料总质量的1．0％，环己烷为带水剂，反应时间40min的优化条件下，丁醛1，2-丙二醇缩醛的收率可达78．5％     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。