Variable structure control of dynamical systems with mismatched norm-bounded uncertainties: An LMI approach

In this paper, we propose a new sliding surface design method for a class of uncertain systems with mismatched unstructured uncertainties. We relax the matching assumption of traditional VSC design methods, and the uncertain system under consideration may have mismatched parameter uncertainties in the state matrix as well as the input matrix. In terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), we give a sufficient condition for the existence of linear sliding surfaces guaranteeing asymptotic stability of the reduced-order equivalent sliding mode dynamics. We give an LMI parameterization of such sliding surfaces together with a switched feedback control strategy. We also give an LMI existence condition of linear sliding surfaces guaranteeing the prescribed decay rate. Finally, we give simulation results to show the effectiveness of our method.     

LMI‐based robust sliding control for mismatched uncertain nonlinear systems using fuzzy models

We propose a robust sliding control design method for uncertain Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy models. The uncertain fuzzy systems under consideration have mismatched parameter uncertainties in the state matrix and external disturbances. We make the first attempt to relax the restrictive assumption that each nominal local system model shares the same input channel, which is required in the traditional VSS‐based fuzzy control design methods. We derive the existence conditions of linear sliding surfaces guaranteeing the asymptotic stability in terms of constrained LMIs. We present an LMI characterization of such sliding surfaces. Also, an LMI‐based algorithm is given to design the switching feedback control term so that a stable sliding motion is induced in finite time. Finally, we give two simulation results to show the effectiveness of the proposed method. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Robust Stabilization of Uncertain Fuzzy Systems Using Variable Structure System Approach

Based on the variable structure system (VSS) theory, we develop a fuzzy control system design method for a class of uncertain nonlinear multivariable systems that can be represented by a Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy model. We make the first attempt to relax the restrictive assumption that each nominal local system model shares the same input channel, which is required in the traditional VSS-based fuzzy control design methods. As the local controller we use a sliding mode controller with a switching feedback control term. In terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), we derive a sufficient condition for the existence of linear sliding surfaces guaranteeing asymptotic stability of the reduced-order equivalent sliding mode dynamics. We present an LMI characterization of such sliding surfaces. We also give an LMI-based algorithm to design the switching feedback control term so that a stable sliding motion is induced in finite time. Finally, we give a numerical design example.     

An analysis and design method for uncertain variable structure systems with bounded controllers

We present a method for estimating the asymptotic stability region(ASR) of uncertain variable structure systems with bounded switching feedback controllers. Using linear matrix inequalities(LMIs) we estimate the ASR and we show the exponential stability of the closed-loop control system in the estimated ASR. We also give a simple LMI-based method for designing switching surfaces that will make the estimated ASR big. Finally, we give numerical examples in order to show the effectiveness of our method.     

H∞-output feedback controller design for linear systems withtime-varying delayed state

This paper considers the H∞-controller design problem for linear systems with time-varying delays in states. The authors obtain sufficient conditions for the existence of H∞ controllers in terms of three linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). These sufficient conditions are dependent on the maximum value of the time derivative of time-varying delay. Furthermore, they briefly explain how to construct such controllers from the positive-definite solutions of their LMIs and give an example     

Simultaneous linear and anti-windup controller synthesis using multiobjective convex optimization

We present a method for the synthesis of a control law for input constrained linear systems that incorporates both a traditional linear output-feedback controller as well as a static anti-windup compensator. Unlike traditional two-step anti-windup controller designs in which the linear controller and anti-windup compensator are designed sequentially, our method synthesizes all controller parameters simultaneously. This one-step design retains the anti-windup structure, thus providing structurally ‘a priori’ compensation for saturation. We derive sufficient conditions for guaranteeing global quadratic stability and for satisfying multiple, possibly conflicting, performance objectives on the constrained and unconstrained closed-loop dynamics. The resulting synthesis problem is recast as an optimization over linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). We demonstrate the proposed method on a benchmark problem.     

Adaptive controller design for uncertain fuzzy systems using variable structure control approach

Based on the variable structure control (VSC) theory, we develop an adaptive fuzzy control system design method for uncertain Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy models with norm-bounded uncertainties. We relax the restrictive assumptions that each nominal local system model shares the same input channel and the norm bound of the uncertainty is known, which are usually invoked in the traditional VSC-based fuzzy control design methods. As the local controller we use a VSC law with a switching feedback control term and an adaptation law to account for the norm-bounded uncertainties. In terms of LMIs, we derive a sufficient condition for the existence of linear sliding surfaces guaranteeing the asymptotic stability. We present an LMI characterization of such sliding surfaces. We also give an LMI-based design algorithm, together with a numerical design example.     

模糊离散广义系统的鲁棒容许条件:严格LMI方法

研究了T-S模糊离散广义系统的鲁棒容许性问题.对于开环标称系统,基于严格线性矩阵不等式(LMI)给出了容许性判别条件.进而基于此条件并引入新的矩阵变量,得到严格线性矩阵不等式形式的鲁棒控制器设计方案.使得通过反馈控制,闭环系统在不确定性范围内是正则、因果、稳定的.最后通过算例仿真验证方法的有效性.     

Robust output feedback model predictive control using off-line linear matrix inequalities

A fundamental question about model predictive control (MPC) is its robustness to model uncertainty. In this paper, we present a robust constrained output feedback MPC algorithm that can stabilize plants with both polytopic uncertainty and norm-bound uncertainty. The design procedure involves off-line design of a robust constrained state feedback MPC law and a state estimator using linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Since we employ an off-line approach for the controller design which gives a sequence of explicit control laws, we are able to analyze the robust stabilizability of the combined control laws and estimator, and by adjusting the design parameters, guarantee robust stability of the closed-loop system in the presence of constraints. The algorithm is illustrated with two examples.     

线性时滞系统的耗散控制

研究了一类线性时滞系统的二次耗散控制问题,基于线性矩阵不等式（LMI）方法导出了耗散控制器存在的充分条件,通过线性矩阵不等式的可行解构造出耗散态状态反馈和动态输出反馈控制律,相应的闭环系统是二次稳定和严格（Q,S,R）耗散的,本文的主要贡献是统一了线性时滞系统现有的H∞控制和无源控制结果。     

An LMI-based switching surface design method for a class of mismatched uncertain systems

In this note, we consider the problem of designing linear sliding surfaces for multivariable uncertain systems with mismatched uncertainties in the state matrix. In terms of linear matrix inequalities, we give a new invariance condition guaranteeing the existence of a linear switching surface such that the reduced-order equivalent sliding mode dynamics restricted to the switching surface is not only stable but completely invariant to mismatched uncertainties. We also give an explicit formula of such linear switching surfaces, together with a design example.     

Robust exponential stability and stabilization of linear uncertain polytopic time-delay systems

This paper proposes new sufficient conditions for the exponential stability and stabilization of linear uncertain polytopic time-delay systems. The conditions for exponential stability are expressed in terms of Kharitonov-type linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) and we develop control design methods based on LMIs for solving stabilization problem. Our method consists of a combination of the LMI approach and the use of parameter-dependent Lyapunov functionals, which allows to compute simultaneously the two bounds that characterize the exponetial stability rate of the solution. Numerical examples illustrating the conditions are given.     

Computer algebra tailored to matrix inequalities in control

A major advance in linear systems theory over the last decade has been a formalism for converting systems problems to matrix inequalities. In this tutorial paper we describe computer algebra algorithms, methodology, and implementation which allows users to convert many systems problems to linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). We shall focus on computer algebra methodology which can assist the user in producing LMIs for control design. We provide a step-by-step computer derivation of LMI formulas for the design of linear time-invariant dynamic controllers that achieve a prespecified performance measured by the H _∞ norm of a certain closed loop transfer function.     

Application of a multiplier method to uncertain Lur’e-like systems

This paper investigates the conditions under which an abstract matrix multiplier method can be applied to determine guaranteeing cost controls for systems containing nonlinear/uncertain elements via linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Quadratically constrained uncertainties and nonlinearities are considered, which comprehend the cases of norm-bounded, positive-real and sector-bounded uncertainties/nonlinearities. Both the discrete-time and the continuous-time cases are discussed. Necessary and sufficient conditions are formulated in the case of unstructured uncertainty. The conditions are sufficient in the structured case. The cost guaranteeing controls can be determined by solving LMIs. Numerical examples illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Switching fuzzy controller design based on switching Lyapunov function for a class of nonlinear systems

This paper presents a switching fuzzy controller design for a class of nonlinear systems. A switching fuzzy model is employed to represent the dynamics of a nonlinear system. In our previous papers, we proposed the switching fuzzy model and a switching Lyapunov function and derived stability conditions for open-loop systems. In this paper, we design a switching fuzzy controller. We firstly show that switching fuzzy controller design conditions based on the switching Lyapunov function are given in terms of bilinear matrix inequalities, which is difficult to design the controller numerically. Then, we propose a new controller design approach utilizing an augmented system. By introducing the augmented system which consists of the switching fuzzy model and a stable linear system, the controller design conditions based on the switching Lyapunov function are given in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Therefore, we can effectively design the switching fuzzy controller via LMI-based approach. A design example illustrates the utility of this approach. Moreover, we show that the approach proposed in this paper is available in the research area of piecewise linear control.     

离散系统输出反馈强正实控制器综合

基于正实引理使用线性矩阵不等式(LMI)方法讨论了离散系统一般强正实控制问 题的解,给出了任意阶输出反馈强正实控制器的存在条件.证明了给定离散系统可输出反 馈强正实当且仅当三个LMI存在一个合适解,可低价输出反馈强正实当且仅当带秩约束条 件的三个LMI存在一个合适解.     

Linear discrete-time global and regional anti-windup: an LMI approach

In this article we address linear anti-windup design for linear discrete-time control systems guaranteeing regional and global stability and performance. The techniques that we develop are the discrete-time counterpart of existing techniques for anti-windup augmentation which lead to convex constructions by way of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) when adopting static and plant order anti-windup augmentation. Interesting system theoretic interpretations of the performance bounds for the non-linear closed loop can also be given. We show here that parallel results apply to the discrete-time case. We derive the corresponding conditions and prove their effectiveness by adapting the continuous-time approaches to the discrete-time case.     

An efficient LMI approach for the quadratic stabilisation of a class of linear,uncertain, time-varying systems

The purpose of this article is to provide a numerically efficient method for the quadratic stabilisation of a class of linear, discrete-time, uncertain, time-varying systems. The considered class of systems is characterised by an interval time-varying (ITV) matrix and constant sensor and actuator matrices. It is required to find a linear time-invariant (LTI) static output feedback controller yielding a quadratically stable closed-loop system independently of the parameter variation rate. The solvability conditions are stated in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). The set of LMIs includes the stability conditions for the feedback connection of a unique suitably defined extreme plant with an LTI output controller and the positivity of a closed-loop extremal matrix. A consequent noticeable feature of the article is that the total number of LMIs is independent of the number of uncertain parameters. This greatly enhances the numerical efficiency of the design procedure.     

基于分段连续Lyapunov函数的采样系统鲁棒保性能控制

针对不确定采样控制系统的鲁棒保性能控制问题,首先将采样系统描述为跳变线性系统,基于矩阵凸组合思想构造了分段连续Lyapunov函数,进而在线性矩阵不等式框架内给出了不确定采样系统鲁棒稳定的条件.针对范数有界参数不确定采样系统,提出了鲁棒保性能控制器设计的在线算法,在每个采样周期内通过求解一组线性矩阵不等式的可行解来构造出状态反馈增益矩阵.最后的仿真算例验证了所提设计方法的有效性.     

PID Control of Planar Nonlinear Uncertain Systems in the Presence of Actuator Saturation

This paper investigates PID control design for a class of planar nonlinear uncertain systems in the presence of actuator saturation. Based on the bounds on the growth rates of the nonlinear uncertain function in the system model, the system is placed in a linear differential inclusion. Each vertex system of the linear differential inclusion is a linear system subject to actuator saturation. By placing the saturated PID control into a convex hull formed by the PID controller and an auxiliary linear feedback law, we establish conditions under which an ellipsoid is contractively invariant and hence is an estimate of the domain of attraction of the equilibrium point of the closed-loop system. The equilibrium point corresponds to the desired set point for the system output. Thus, the location of the equilibrium point and the size of the domain of attraction determine, respectively, the set point that the output can achieve and the range of initial conditions from which this set point can be reached. Based on these conditions, the feasible set points can be determined and the design of the PID control law that stabilizes the nonlinear uncertain system at a feasible set point with a large domain of attraction can then be formulated and solved as a constrained optimization problem with constraints in the form of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Application of the proposed design to a magnetic suspension system illustrates the design process and the performance of the resulting PID control law.