纳米真丝针织物抗菌性能研究

探讨了纳米真丝针织物的抗菌性能,主要采取抑菌环法和振荡烧瓶法测试织物的抗菌效果。利用抑菌环法得出整理液配方及ZnO和Ag的最佳比例,用振荡烧瓶法测定抑菌效果和耐洗牢度,综合评定其抑菌效果和耐洗牢度,得出最佳整理工艺为复合整理剂用量0.5%,ZnO和Ag比例1∶1。     

酯化条件对调温纺织品调温性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法将筛选得到的热性能优良的相变材料体系加载到高度微孔结构的凝胶微粒上,研制出热性能优良的复合相变材料,采用原位增长工艺将复合相变材料与纺织品相结合,并分析了陈化温度、陈化时间、相变材料X加入量等酯化条件对调温纺织品调温性能的影响,测试了织物整理前后的物理机械性能,以及水洗后的热性能。得出最佳的酯化条件:陈化温度80℃,陈化时间4min,相变材料X加入量为14g(34.69%)。     

相变材料在调温纤维上的应用

利用溶胶-凝胶复合相变材料(A/SiO2),并用DSC对其热性能进行了测试。考察了水/酯摩尔比、反应温度、搅拌速度、pH值、陈化温度、酯/相变材料摩尔比等因素对胶凝时间及纤维调温性能的影响,筛选出最佳工艺。采用涂层法将复合相变材料整理到织物上。结果表明:复合后相变材料具有较高相变焓;复合相变材料的相变焓、相变温度均较纯相变材料稍有降低;织物经相变材料涂层整理后具有良好调温性能。     

硼酸铵掺杂硅溶胶整理真丝织物的阻燃性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了纯硅溶胶和硼酸铵掺杂(硼/硅复合)硅溶胶,并将其应用于真丝织物的阻燃整理。讨论了复合溶胶体系中硼/硅摩尔比对阻燃整理后真丝织物的极限氧指数(LOI)的影响,并采用热重分析(TGA)、微型燃烧量热仪(MCC)和烟密度试验箱(NBS)等手段对整理前后真丝织物的热降解性能、热释放性能和抑烟性能进行了测试和表征。试验结果表明:当溶胶体系中的硼/硅摩尔比为12时,整理后真丝织物的极限氧指数(LOI)最高,达到了29.7%,表现出良好的阻燃性能;相比于纯硅溶胶,硼/硅复合溶胶体系能显著降低真丝织物在燃烧过程中的热释放速率、重量损失率以及烟气释放量。     

棉用活性染料摩擦牢度提高剂的应用研究

采用自制的摩擦牢度提高剂对活性染料染棉织物进行轧、烘、焙整理,讨论了摩擦牢度提高剂对处理后织物的整理效果.结果表明:湿摩擦牢度可以提高0.5～1级,达到2～3级以上,并有良好的耐洗性,织物色光、透气性变化很小,强力稍有下降,风格变化不大,不影响织物的服用性能,并具有一定的抗皱效果.     

涤纶织物染色与防紫外线整理同浴研究

采用防紫外线整理剂JLSUN®CJ-966、Herst®HTUV100分别与分散染料对涤纶织物进行防紫外线整理染色同浴研究,分析了两种紫外吸收剂对于整理后涤纶针织物的抗紫外性能、耐洗牢度和耐晒牢度的影响,得出二者最佳整理工艺条件。结果表明,当JLSUN®SCJ-966用量为3% 或者Herst®HTUV100用量为4%时,整理后织物UPF值可超过50,水洗40次后织物UPF值仍然超过50,织物的耐晒牢度均提高到5级。     

抗静电剂P在涤纶织物上的应用

研究了自制整理剂P在涤纶织物上的应用工艺和抗静电性能,并对其整理织物的色光、色牢度以及服用性能进行分析探讨.通过测量静电峰值电压、半衰期、接触角分析整理织物抗静电性能,检测经20次洗涤后抗静电性能的耐久性.测定抗弯长度、透气率和断裂强度,分析整理剂对涤纶织物服用性能的影响.测定整理前后织物的K/S值、色差、耐洗牢度和耐摩擦牢度,研究整理剂对染色织物色光和染色牢度的影响.结果表明:抗静电剂P整理的涤纶织物具有优良的抗静电性能和耐洗性能.无需焙烘工艺,最佳应用工艺为整理剂P 5 g/L,二浸二轧,轧余率70%～75%,70℃烘干.整理织物手感好,透气率、断裂强力略有降低,不影响服用性能.整理剂对染色织物色光和染色牢度的影响小.     

新型耐氯固色剂DC-R在棉色织布上的应用

将合成的耐氯固色剂DC-R应用于棉色织物耐氯整理,并与耐氯固色剂AR-200、CF-2的应用性能进行了对比。探讨了整理后织物的耐氯牢度、织物甲醛释放、色变及耐洗性能。结果表明:色织物经DC-R整理后,耐氯牢度得到很大提高,可达到2.5-3级,耐氯提升性能比AR-200和CF-2好;整理后的织物甲醛释放量均在75mg/L以下,但成品甲醛测试经CF-2固色的织物不合格;除个别品名经CF-2固色后引起颜色变化外,其他固色剂对色织物颜色均没有影响;固色剂DC-R的耐洗性相对较差。     

增效剂在涤纶膨胀型阻燃涂层中的应用

将聚磷酸铵为酸源,季戊四醇为炭源,三聚氰胺为气源,聚丙烯酸酯为黏合剂的膨胀型阻燃体系应用于涤纶织物整理.研究了4A沸石、二氧化锰和氧化锌等增效剂对织物阻燃性能的影响.探讨了4A沸石用量对膨胀型阻燃涂层成炭及阻燃性能的影响,优化了增效剂添加比例.试验结果表明,膨胀型阻燃涂层整理织物的手感柔软,色差小,牢度好,但耐洗性能需提高.     

正硅酸乙酯膜固色研究

研究正硅酸乙酯-乙二醇溶胶成膜固色,溶胶与纤维间是物理吸附,不受化学键的干扰,在纯棉黑色织物上成胶后,干摩擦牢度为3～4级,湿摩擦牢度为2～3级,且织物的风格不受影响,色泽鲜亮手感柔软,但耐洗性尚待研究.     

棉织物的PhTES改性硅溶胶热致变色整理

采用溶胶-凝胶技术对棉织物进行热致变色功能整理,研究了整理液中热致变色材料所占比例、焙烘条件及改性剂等因素对所制备织物热致变色性能的影响,考察了苯基三乙氧基硅烷(PhTES)改性硅溶胶整理织物的耐摩擦色牢度和物理机械性能.结果表明,热致变色材料所占比例和焙烘温度对热致变色织物的变色能力影响较大;PhTES改性硅溶胶整理织物具有较好的耐干、湿摩擦色牢度,其物理机械性能略有下降.     

Investigation of thermal comfort properties of zinc oxide coated woven cotton fabric

In this paper, we investigated thermal comfort properties of twill weave cotton woven fabric coated zinc oxide layer in Roaches high temperature sample dyeing machine in gentle conditions. The effect of coated film structure on thermal comfort properties of the fabric was characterized using SEM observation, EDS analysis, and Permetest instruments. EDS analysis and SEM images of the ZnO coated twill weave cotton fabric proved that ZnO coating layer which has significant effects on thermal comfort properties was successfully synthesized on the fabric surface by covering the pores of the twill weave cotton fabric. Results showed that thermal resistance of ZnO coated fabric increased approx. 36–52%, while thermal conductivity is decreased approx. 27–34% and WVP is decreased approx. 22–28%. Further studies have started and in progress to evaluate wash fastness, wear performance, abrasion properties, and fabric handle properties.     

Development of natural dyed jute fabric with improved colour yield and UV protection characteristics

Premordanting of jute fabric was carried out following single mordanting by biomordants (myrobolan and pomegranate) and ecofriendly chemical mordants (ferrous sulphate and potash alum) and double mordanting by sequential treatment of biomordant and ecofriendly chemical mordant. Extraction condition of natural dyes from manjistha, annatto, ratanjot and babool was standardised and applied on premordanted jute fabric. There is a substantial improvement of colour yield, levelness of dyeing and wash fastness properties of natural dyed jute fabric after double premordanting using bio and chemical mordant. Light fastness ratings are moderate to good while rubbing fastness are very good to excellent for all the natural dyed jute fabric. Very good ultraviolet (UV) protection ratings are achieved in case of dyeing of jute fabric using natural dyes extracted from manjistha, annatto, ratanjot and babool after premordanting with sequential treatment of biomordant and chemical mordant. UV protection properties of natural dyed jute fabric follows the order babool?>?annatto?>?manjistha?>?ratanjot.     

经纳米TiO_2改性棉织物的染色性能研究

使用活性染料对改性前、后的棉织物进行染色,研究了纳米TiO2处理对棉织物染色性能的影响。进行了染色实验,测试了改性后棉织物的摩擦色牢度、耐刷洗色牢度、耐日晒色牢度和K/S值。     

Study on the properties of woolen fabric treated with chitosan/TiO2 sol

In order to improve the color yield and color fastness to light, woolen fabrics were treated with chitosan and TiO₂ sol at first, and then dyed using C.I. Acid Blue 7 dye. The woolen fabric samples before and after treatment were investigated by means of scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectroscopy, thermal analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The reflectance spectrum, color yield K/S value and color fastness to light were also measured. The results show that compared with the untreated woolen fabric, the thermal stability of woolen fabric treated with chitosan/TiO₂ sol is improved. The protection against ultraviolet radiation, color yield K/S value, and color fastness to light are also improved.     

纳米银PP抗菌纺粘布的开发

研究了纳米银抗菌添加剂改性的PP纺粘布的生产工艺过程,对其抗菌性、耐洗涤牢度、力学和光老化性能进行了测试,并与同规格的常规PP纺粘布做了比较。结果表明,纳米银抗菌添加剂在PP大分子中分散均匀,改性后的产品不但抗菌性能优良,而且对纺粘布的力学性能和色泽都不会产生很大影响。     

导电涤纶涂层织物的制备及其性能

为制备导电涂层织物,采用研磨分散法制备导电炭黑,研究了导电炭黑的用量、导电炭黑的粒径、涂层次数、黏合剂用量、焙烘时间以及温度对导电涤纶涂层织物性能的影响。对涤纶涂层织物的表面电阻、耐水洗牢度、耐摩擦牢度、断裂强力和断裂伸长率等性能进行测试。结果表明：当涂层胶中导电炭黑含量为 15%,导电炭黑粒径为 200nm,涂覆次数为 4 次,黏合剂相对导电炭黑分散体质量分数为40%,焙烘温度为150℃,焙烘时间为 3 min时制备的导电涤纶涂层织物的表面电阻最小, 导电涤纶涂层织物的干摩擦、水洗牢度均可达到 5 级,水洗后涤纶涂层织物的表面电阻变大。     

The quantitative comparison of wash fastness improvement of acid and direct dyes on wool using full backtan,syntan, and syntan/cation system

Natural tannin, synthetic tanning agent (syntan), and syntan/cationic agent were applied on wool fabric dyed with different acid and direct dyes to improve the wash fastness of dyes. In this study, a method for quantitative and exact assessment of dye removal after washing from dyed samples was used. Firstly, the optimum operating parameters for application of full backtan and syntan were determined. Then the dyed wool samples were aftertreated, using natural tannin, syntan, and syntan/cationic agent. It was found that all aftertreatments improved the wash fastness. However, aftertreatment with natural tannin improved wash fastness to the greatest extent. In the case of syntan, sequential application of cationic agent on syntaned fabric obtained further improvement in wash fastness.     

超早熟短季棉灯芯绒织物的性能研究

研究了超早熟短季棉灯芯绒织物的性能,与普通棉灯芯绒织物做了对比,前者拉伸性能、通气性、硬挺度、粗糙度、冷暖感、热传导率、保暖率、经向撕裂强度优于后者,弹性回复率、毛细管效应低于后者,耐磨性和水洗色牢度则两者相当.     

食用色素辣椒红对粘胶织物的媒染染色

为了替代合成色素并拓宽辣椒红色素在染整方面的应用,将食用色素辣椒红对粘胶纤维进行媒染染色,后经玉米醇溶蛋白固色,比较媒染剂种类及媒染方法对染色织物染色性能的影响,探讨媒染时间、温度、媒染剂用量和染液pH值对织物媒染染色性能的影响,使用玉米醇溶蛋白固色,比较固色前后织物色牢度。结果表明:以硫酸铝为媒染剂在同浴媒染下可以获得色泽较深的织物,较适宜的染色工艺条件为:媒染时间45 min,温度90℃,硫酸铝用量4.0%(owf),染液pH值4.0,染色织物具有一定的耐摩擦色牢度及皂洗沾色色牢度,但皂洗变色色牢度无法满足实际需求。经醇溶蛋白处理固色后,织物的皂洗变色色牢度提升3~4级,织物色相不受影响,织物其他性能也不受影响。