Nanoparticles from a Gold Complex with Sulfite Ion as Ligand: Preparation and Characterization

ABSTRACT

Gold colloidal nanoparticles (GNPs) were prepared by reducing a complex of Au⁺. Na₃Au(SO₃)₂ with sodium citrate. The procedure provides control of the dimension of nanoparticles produced, which is a function of reaction time and concentration of reactants. The nanoparticles were separated by centrifugation and their characteristics and dimensions were studied using UV-Vis and IR spectroscopy and transmission electronic microscopy (TEM).     

不同形貌金纳米粒子的制备及其光谱特性

本文以柠檬酸三钠(Na3C6H5O7.2H2O)保护的小粒径金胶体为晶种,采用晶种法制备了不同形状的金纳米粒子。利用透射电子显微镜(TEM)和紫外可见光谱(UV-Vis)对所制备的金纳米粒子进行了表征。结果表明,随着晶种量的增加,金纳米粒子的形状依次为水滴状、梭状和球状,并且发现梭状金纳米粒子位于850nm处的多极共振吸收峰。基于表征结果分析了不同形貌产物的可能形成机理。     

纳米钨酸钡的制备与表征

以硝酸钡和钨酸钠为原料,采用十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)为表面活性剂,通过室温液相沉淀法制备出BaWO4纳米粒子.利用X射线粉朱衍射、扫描电子显微镜及透射电子显微镜对样品进行表征.结果表明,制得的BaWO4纳米粒子在表面活性剂SDBS的长时间诱导作用下可聚结成树枝状结构.     

苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物/金纳米微粒的合成

以氯金酸为原料,DMF(N,N-二甲基甲酰胺)为溶剂及还原剂,苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物为大分子稳定剂,合成了金纳米微粒。通过紫外-可见吸收光谱、透射电子显微镜等方法对纳米金样品进行了表征。结果表明:所得到的金纳米微粒可以在520 nm~530 nm范围内产生明显的纳米金所具有的特征等离子共振吸收峰,金纳米微粒的尺寸在3 nm~5nm且具有较窄的分布,证明苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物可以对金纳米微粒表面产生较好的修饰作用,从而为制备纳米金材料提供了一种新的途径。     

纳米碳包铁磁性颗粒的制备及表征

采用激光感应复合加热蒸发合成法,以CH4为碳源,制备了大量具有壳核结构的纳米碳包铁颗粒,通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射分析仪(XRD)、能量弥散X射线分析(EDX)等对颗粒进行了表征,并利用动态磁滞回线测定仪测定了纳米颗粒的磁化强度等磁性能.结果表明,利用该方法制备的碳包铁纳米颗粒的平均粒径为25nm,表面碳层厚度为5nm左右,具有铁磁性能.纳米碳包铁颗粒将作为磁性载体在医学细胞分离、细胞染色、靶向用药、定向治疗、肿瘤热疗等方面具有广阔的应用前景.     

核壳式无机-高分子纳米复合粒子的形成机理与表征技术

简要介绍了一种制备核壳式无机－高分子纳米复合粒子的方法－乳液聚合，概述了核壳式无机－高分子纳米复合粒子的形成机理及其表征技术。     

磁性羧甲基化壳聚糖纳米粒子的制备与表征

以化学共沉淀法制备了Fe3O4纳米粒子,壳聚糖经羧甲基化改性后接枝在Fe3O4颗粒表面,得到了磁性羧甲基化壳聚糖(Fe3O4/CMC)纳米粒子.利用透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、傅立叶红外光谱(FT-IR)及磁性测试对产物进行了表征.TEM表明Fe3O4纳米粒子被CMC包覆,粒径约10 nm;XRD分析表明复合纳米粒子中磁性物质为Fe3O4;FT-IR表明壳聚糖发生羧甲基反应以及在Fe3O4表面的接枝反应.Fe3O4/CMC纳米粒子具有超顺磁性,比饱和磁化强度25.73 emu/g,有良好的磁稳定性.     

Lanthanide Ion Doped Upconverting Nanoparticles: Synthesis,Structure and Properties

Lanthanide doped upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) have emerged as a new class of luminescent materials, with major discoveries and overall significant progress during the last decade. Unlike multiphoton absorption in organic dyes or semiconductor quantum dots, lanthanide doped UCNPs involve real intermediate quantum states and convert infrared (IR) into visible light via sequential electronic excitation. The relatively high efficiency of this process even at low radiation flux makes UCNPs particularly attractive for many current and emerging areas of technology. The aim of this article is to highlight several recent advances in this rapidly growing field, emphasizing the relationships between structure and properties of UCNPs. Additionally, various strategies developed for the synthesis of UCNPs with a focus on the various synthetic approaches that yield high‐quality monodisperse samples with controlled size, shape and crystalline phase are reviewed. Emerging synthetic approaches towards designed structure to improve the optical and electronic properties of UCNPs are discussed. Finally, recent examples of applications of UCNPs in biomedical and optoelectronics research, giving our own perspectives on future directions and emerging possibilities of the field are described.     

Liquid-Phase Preparation and Characterization of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles have been prepared by a wet chemical method, from zinc acetate and LiOH ethanol-based solutions. The resulted nanoparticles were dispersed in a solvent. The effect of solvent (ethanol or butanol) and surfactant (polyethylene glycol-PEG 200) on the average size and size distribution of the nanoparticles was investigated by light scattering measurements. Smaller size was observed for ZnO nanoparticles dispersed in butanol and PEG 200. The statistical parameters of the Gaussian size distribution curves were calculated. ZnO nanoparticles have been prepared to be used as seeds on a substrate for the growth of ZnO nanowires. The morphology, surface roughness, crystalline structure, and orientation of the nanoparticles deposed on silicon substrate were characterized by atomic force microscopy and x-ray diffraction, respectively.     

纳米金的制备及在化妆品中的应用初探

采用柠檬酸钠还原氯金酸制备纳米金,利用X射线荧光能谱和透射电子显微镜对产品进行了表征,通过纳米金溶胶及溶胶中含有的柠檬酸钠和保护剂PVP对Hela细胞、CHO细胞的MTT试验,研究了纳米金溶胶及纳米金颗粒对细胞的毒性,结果表明,纳米金溶胶和纳米金颗粒对这两种细胞均没有产生毒性。将纳米金加入到化妆品基础配方中制备得到了稳定的乳状液,为纳米金用于高级化妆品可行性提供部分实验依据。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米氧化锡及其性能表征

以SnCl4·5H2O为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了纳米SnO2粒子,研究了焙烧温度、碱的种类及反应物浓度对纳米SnO2粒子大小和分散状态的影响。采用XRD、TEM、ED等技术对SnO2纳米粒子的性能进行了表征。实验结果表明:用氨水和尿素作为沉淀剂,控制反应结束时pH值为7,在600℃焙烧,制备得到粒子尺寸约为15nm、分散性良好的纳米SnO2粒子。     

形貌可控的Cr_2O_3纳米颗粒的制备与表征

室温下,将三氧化铬(CrO_3)和聚乙烯醇(PVA)在水溶液中反应合成聚合物前驱体,退火处理得到不同形貌的Cr_2O_3纳米颗粒。采用热重-差热分析仪(TG-DTA)、傅里叶红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、粉末X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)对所得样品进行了分析。结果表明,750℃退火后获得纯的单相Cr_2O_2纳米颗粒;通过控制PVA和CrO_3的初始反应比例,得到了球形和片状的Cr_2O_3纳米颗粒。     

纳米MgO和MgAl2O4尖晶石的制备与表征

本文较详细地介绍了用无机盐Ａｌ（ＮＯ３）３９Ｈ２Ｏ和Ｍｇ（ＮＯ３）２．６Ｈ２Ｏ为原料，醇凝胶分段程序升温超临界流体干燥法，制备纳米ＭｇＯ和ＭｇＡｌ２Ｏ４尖晶石新型功能材料的方法，并对所制得的纳米粒子采用ＴＥＭ、ＸＲＤ和ＦＴ－Ｒ等现代分析测试手段进行了表面形貌、结构、晶型和组成等的表征，掌握了纳米粒子的一些特征。     

羟基化SBS模板合成金纳米粒子及表征

以羟基化SBS为模板,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)为溶剂,氯金酸为原料,硼氢化钠为还原剂,在一定反应条件下制备得到了金纳米粒子。采用紫外-可见光谱和透射电子显微镜等方法对所合成的纳米金样品进行了表征。结果表明,羟基化SBS可以为金纳米粒子的成核和长大起到较好的模板作用,金纳米粒子可以产生纳米金所具有的表面等离子态的特征吸收峰;改变合成条件,可以控制金纳米粒子特征吸收峰的位置;透射电子显微镜给出金纳米粒子具有球状形貌特征,且具有较窄尺寸分布。     

一种新颖的硅量子点-金复合纳米粒子的制备和表征

利用电化学刻蚀法制备的硅量子点的还原特性,通过调整硅量子点与氯金酸的量的比例,可控合成了包含有不同尺寸金纳米颗粒的复合纳米粒子,并通过实验证明了硅量子点与金纳米颗粒的结合。在电化学刻蚀制备硅量子点的同时,通过微波辅助法可以迅速地在硅量子点表面有效地修饰上一部分羧基、羟基或者烷基链,从而间接预先对这种复合纳米粒子进行修饰。这种新型的纳米复合材料具有硅量子点的荧光性质的同时,还具有各种尺寸纳米金的光学性质,具有广阔的应用前景和研究价值。