Continuous reductive smelting of steel

Traditionally, iron and steel production is based on a two-stage system consisting of a blast furnace and a converter, which is characterized not only by high productivity but also by copious generation of gaseous emissions and solid wastes. Reductive smelting in a blast furnace with unavoidable carburization of the metal—the formation of molten iron—calls for the organization of oxidative conversion of iron to steel. The direct reduction of iron and the accompanying metals in the batch by solid carbon, with dosing and regulation of the carbon inputs, permits the organization of reductive smelting without excessive carbon concentrations in the metal. That eliminates the need for oxidative smelting of the steel. Reductive smelting of coal-bearing batch has been undertaken and, for the first time anywhere, alloy-steel samples have been produced directly from batch, without the intermediate production of hot metal.     

On the mechanism of intergranular embrittlement by phosphorus in transformer steel

Transformer steel (Fe-6 at. pct Si) was doped with varying amounts of phosphorus and given an embrittling step-cool heat treatment. Auger electron spectroscopy was used to determine that large increases in intergranular phosphorus concentration occurred in approximate proportion to the bulk phosphorus level through an equilibrium segregation mechanism. Bicrystals of this material were fractured at 300, 77 and 4.2 K. Grain boundary fracture energy, γ^gb was determined as a function of intergranular phosphorus concentration at 4.2 K. An analysis of γ^gband fracture mode, as a function of temperature, was used to evaluate the relative merits of intergranular fracture models based on reduced interatomic separation energy (Gibbs-Griffith model) and reduced interatomic cohesive strength (Seah model). It was found that the reduced interatomic separation energy model best fits the experimental findings. Formerly of Clemson University.     

电石脱氧冶炼含铝钢实践

转炉出钢采用电石脱氧,LF精炼炉电石脱氧造渣配合喂铝线补钢水中铝的生产工艺,充分利用电石和铝线的脱氧特点,把冶炼过程扩散脱氧与沉淀脱氧合理结合,提高铝的收得率,有效改善精炼到站炉渣状况,LF炉造渣脱硫效果明显,明显提高生产含铝钢的经济效益。     

Effectiveness of barium-bearing ferroalloys in steel smelting

The influence of barium-bearing ferroalloys on the mechanical properties of cast and deformed steel is studied. Such ferroalloys greatly reduce the metal’s content of gases and nonmetallic inclusions, increase the impact strength of steel for railroad castings, and improve the plasticity of high-strength shipbuilding steel.     

在钢铁市场紧缩条件下的高炉冶炼策略

1 前言 当前，我国出台了一系列刺激经济的措施，可是总的趋势仍然受美国次贷危机的影响，供大于求的格局没有转变。虽然，国家采取了剌激经济的措施，增加基础设施的投入，扩大内需，但从目前总体上看国内钢材市场需求疲软，产能过剩压力很大。当价格稍涨，压缩产能稍一松动，又出现价格猛跌。     

Highly efficient use of limestone in steel smelting

Translated from Metallurg, No. 3, pp. 20–22, March, 1996.     

转炉炼钢简易脱硫工艺研究

介绍在转炉出钢工位加入脱硫剂和吹氩喂丝工位喂入含镁包芯线简易脱硫工艺研究的结果。