The migration response to the economic turnaround in New England

"This paper is an investigation of the dynamics of interstate migration flows to and from New England since 1975. The main goal of the research is to study the timing and volume of the lagged migration adjustment to the regional economic turnaround and the temporal stability of patterns of regional inflows and outflows. The paper is an examination of the responsiveness of interstate migration to changing regional economic conditions based on annual interstate migration data and a set of cross-sectional destination-specific Poisson regression models." The data are from a series developed by the Bureau of the Census based on Federal income tax returns.     

The structure of interstate and interregional migration: 1965–1970

This study examines the structure present in interstate migration at the national level and interregional migration in the Western states in an attempt to identify the interrelationships that exist between the respective areal units. Places which act as important origins and destinations in the process are determined through the use of nodal and principal component analyses. It is found that the nation can be dichotomized into regions oriented towards the states of California and Florida and that the western part of the nation can also be regionalized into a small number of important migration fields. The centers of the majority of these fields are metropolitan areas. Such identification of the spatial organization provides a useful picture of the areal extents over which major attractive centers have influence.The author wishes to acknowledge the financial support of the Academic Senate Committee on Research, University of California, Santa Barbara, California.     

有机马克思主义是“新形式的马克思主义”吗?

有机马克思主义对马克思主义进行的修正、更新和重建是基于其对所有形态马克思主义的误解而进行的。它将历史决定论的标签贴在所有形态的马克思主义身上,并以此为据要对马克思主义予以修正,这是对马克思主义的严重误解;它用来补充和更新马克思主义的过程和关系思想、生态思维和文化嵌入观,等等,本来就在马克思主义之中;它利用怀特海过程哲学和中国传统智慧对马克思主义的重建,虽然大胆,但毫无意义。而且,在对马克思主义进行毫无意义的修正、更新和重建的过程中,有机马克思主义还放弃了社会主义这一根本目标、公有制这一根本基础和无产阶级这一根本主体。因此,有机马克思主义并没有有机马克思主义者自封的那种理论地位,不仅不是"新形式"的马克思主义,而且根本就不是"马克思主义"。它的惟一效用就在于,作为马克思主义"最重要的盟友"之一,协助马克思主义进行宣传和教育。     

寻迹“居家性”：现代美国住宅中的身份之谜1920年代-1970年代

本文以20世纪20—70年代美国加州地区的现代住宅为例,聚焦于“形式”与生活氛围的塑造以及“功能”与社会身份的建构两方面,对其空间特征进行分析。并试图以此揭示出,住宅史论述中关于“居家性”的解释,尽管一度被视为在“现代运动”过程中被贬抑的成分,但如果不将其仅仅局限于经由影像表现的一系列“风格化”的场景要素,那么至少在“中产阶级”的居住经验当中,就仍然有可能找到它的踪迹。     

The Collision of Scarcity and Expendability in Architectural Culture of the 1960s and 1970s

Architecture as a practice assimilates contradictions. Nowhere is this more apparent than in approaches to materials and sustainability. New finishes, details and products are continually specified and often fetishised, while architects are at pains to show their minimal impact on the environment. Steve Parnell highlights an era in the pages of Architectural Design in the late 1960s and early 1970s that congregated these incongruities by simultaneously advocating low-energy solutions and expendability, most notably the inflatable.     

Combining intersectoral flows and shift-share techniques: A hybrid regional forecasting model

Summary and conclusions Intersectoral flows analysis is a static technique. There is no dynamic or growth element. Shift-share analysis on the other hand is a growth oriented analytical tool with no capability for modelling the internal structure of a regional economy. It therefore seems useful to combine the shift-share and intersectoral flows approaches. The shift parameters provide a growth component for the final demand sectors of the intersectoral flows matrix.Externalities are incorporated into the model through the shift parameters which drive the final demand categories of the regional economy. This is deemed to be a fruitful approach at present because it can incorporate a variety of linear and non-linear externalities and is amenable to simulation. It also overcomes in theory some of the principal criticisms of shift-share. The economy, flexibility and potential rigour of this approach appears to us to provide the most likely operational approach to externalities in the immediate future.     

Examining the role of amenities in migration decisions: A structural estimation approach

I develop a discrete choice dynamic migration model to examine the importance of amenity values in immigrants' migration decisions. The model accounts for differentials in both wages and location‐specific amenities as determinants of migration decisions, and the size of migrants' networks is allowed to influence the value of the US location choice as well. By estimating the model using panel data from the Mexican Migration Project, I find that Mexican migrants place substantial value on amenities in the United States, which are shown to fall precipitously with migrants' age. Simulation results from policy experiments indicate that Mexican immigrants are more responsive to a policy that reduces the amenity values related to unauthorized US residence than to an increase in the number of border patrol officers.     

上世纪70年代参编供电规范的回顾

回顾了上世纪70年代参编GBJ 52-83《工业与民用供电系统设计规范》的编制情况。指出因历史条件的不同,诸如负荷分级、35 k V配电、有载调压变压器装用以及接地系统等的规定在有关规范编制中宜根据现时情况予以删改或补充,使规范内容更适应时代前进的步伐。     

Changes in access to homeownership during the 1970s

During the mid and late 1970s housing price inflation made the purchase of a home problematic for large numbers of Americans. This paper uses Annual Housing Survey (AHS) data from five successive years, 1974 to 1978, to analyze the extent of the affordability crisis. It outlines the changes in the size and characteristics of the stream of movers from rented to owner occupied housing which would accompany an affordability crisis and examines AHS data for evidence of these changes. The results suggest that the exclusionary effects of housing price inflation were confined to the southern and western regions of the United States. The causes for these regional differentials and their implications for housing policy are briefly explored.The research reported here was supported by grant No. HD14518-01 from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Don Dillman made valuable comments on an earlier draft of this paper.     

Port capital formation and economic development in Japan: A vector autoregression approach

Applying the lag-augmented vector autoregression approach developed by Toda and Yamamoto (1995), we analyse the causal relationships among GDP, private capital, transport user cost, and port capital in Japan, and investigates the dynamic and accumulated effects of port capital formation on other variables from 1966 to 1997. Results from our analysis indicate that the causal relationships between port capital and other variables are significant. Port capital development leads to accrual of considerable magnitudes of both flow and stock effects. We conclude that structural economic effects of forming port capital are substantial for Japan.Received: 10 September 2002, Accepted: 14 August 2003, JEL Classification: C32, E22, F10, O47, R42We express our gratitude to the Ports and Harbors Bureau of Japans Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport for providing us with valuable data. We also thank the Pacific editor and anonymous referees for useful comments.     

EVIDENCE FOR NEIGHBORHOOD REVITALIZATION: MANHATTAN IN THE 1970s*

Systematic information about the extent and character of neighborhood revitalization in the inner city is rare. In this paper we measure overall and relative improvements in Manhattan neighborhoods by using various population and housing statistics gathered in 1970 and the mid-1970s. Only a few cases of neighborhood revitalization are found but they confirm hypotheses that three distinct types of revitalization may occur: upper strata revitalization, upgrading and lower strata revitalization. The utility of this approach, in comparison with methods now in use, is discussed.     

Windsor twenty-five years on: The continuing presence of a 1970s freeway plan in inner Brisbane

In June 1972, the Queensland Main Roads Department (MRD) announced its intention to construct the Northern Freeway through Brisbane's inner north. Only the land acquisition stage was ever completed, with freeway construction being indefinitely postponed in 1975. Yet, the plan remains officially gazetted, suggesting that the Freeway, or an alternative road, will eventually be built. In considering this long-dormant plan and the suburbs through which the freeway was to have been constructed, this paper focuses on three related issues. The first is whether this dormant phase had any negative effects on the households who lived in the suburbs through which the freeway was to have been built. The second is whether the freeway, or an alternative road system, will ever be constructed. The third is the potential social impact on the suburbs today if this freeway, or an alterative road, were built.     

A three-dimensional approach to multistream migration modelling: local-level flows in Hereford and Worcester

Using data for the English county of Hereford and Worcester, the author presents a method for the analysis of migration at the local level "which does not disaggregate migrant flows by distance criteria alone, but incorporates measures relating to the nature of the origins and of the destinations." The author suggests that "in comparison with a standard single-stream regression model this method improves the fit substantially, and the variability in the resulting parameter estimates for each of the eight streams supports the need for identification of distinct migrant streams. In particular, flows over short distances between wards with high population densities are estimated more effectively."     

The role of migration in labour-market adjustment: the British experience in the 1980s

"In this paper the role of migration in bringing labour supply and demand into balance (or in mitigating imbalance) in Britain in the 1980s is investigated.... The major trends in migration and unemployment at national and regional scales are outlined, and the key characteristics of job-related migrants are identified. In the main part of the paper the author is concerned with the operationalisation of two contrasting methodological approaches designed to promote a greater understanding of the influences acting on changing migration patterns and the role of migration, alongside other factors in labour-market changes. First, the results from a shift-share approach are discussed; and second, the output from an application of the labour market accounts technique is described."     

A spatial decomposition of the shift-share components of labour productivity inequality in Italy

This paper explores the components of aggregate labour productivity inequality between Italian regions from 2000 to 2013. The Gini index of inequality in aggregate labour productivity is decomposed, showing the extent to which sector productivity differentials and differences in industry-mix contribute to regional productivity inequality. In addition, the contribution of the interaction between differences in industry-mix and sector productivity differentials is revealed by the decomposition. Each of these contributions to inequality is measured by considering the spatial dimension of regional inequality, since the contributions of inequality between non-neighbouring regions and inequality between neighbouring regions are separated.     

回顾与反思:20世纪50—70年代民族小说对地域风景的审美转化

地域风景因素在20世纪50-70年代的民族小说中不但转化为小说人物的聚焦对象,而且还转化为各类功能行动元,既推动了情节发展,又促成了形象塑造,还暗示了当时主流的政治意识形态倾向,从而成为鲜活的小说情境。这方面积累了许多成功经验,但也存在一些明显不足,因而值得今天的民族作家认真回顾、反思并批判地借鉴。