激光熔覆Ni基WC合金的固体粒子冲蚀磨损研究

采用激光熔覆技术,在45#钢表面制备Ni基WC合金涂层,利用扫描电镜分析了熔敷层的微观组织,利用显微硬度计、固体粒子冲蚀磨损实验机对涂层的性能进行了测试研究.结果表明:随Co-WC质量分数的增加,试样的硬度逐渐增大,其冲蚀抗力增大,当质量分数超过一定数值后冲蚀抗力减小.质量分数为40%的Co-WC复合涂层有良好的冲蚀抵抗力.     

Ni60合金包覆WC粉激光熔覆涂层的组织与性能

通过激光熔覆Ni60合金包覆WC粉(简称镍包WC粉)在45钢基体上制备了WC增强镍基合金熔覆涂层,研究了涂层的显微组织、物相组成、显微硬度与耐磨性能等,并与Ni60合金+WC机械混合粉熔覆涂层的进行对比。结果表明:2种熔覆涂层均与基体形成冶金结合;与Ni60合金+WC机械混合粉熔覆涂层相比,镍包WC粉熔覆涂层组织更细小,成分偏析程度较轻;2种熔覆涂层均由γ-(Ni,Fe)固溶体、WC、Cr_(23)C_6、Cr_7C_3、W_2C等物相组成,镍包WC粉熔覆涂层中WC相的结构完整性较好;镍包WC粉熔覆涂层的平均显微硬度为933.1HV,略高于Ni60合金+WC机械混合粉熔覆涂层的(901.4HV);镍包WC粉熔覆涂层的平均摩擦因数和磨损体积分别为0.4,7.52×10~(-3) mm~3,均低于Ni60合金+WC机械混合粉熔覆涂层的,镍包WC粉熔覆涂层的耐磨性能优于Ni60合金+WC机械混合粉熔覆涂层的。     

热容量对激光熔覆Ni60B复合涂层组织的影响

本文研究了不同热容量对宽带激光熔覆Ni60B复合涂层组织的影响。结果表明在相同的激光熔覆工艺参数下,随着热容量的增大,复合涂层中的组织越来越细小,反之,则越粗大;在同一热容量下,随着激光扫描速度的增大,复合涂层中的组织越来越细小。     

激光熔覆与激光-感应复合熔覆WC-Ni60A涂层的结构与性能特征

对单纯激光熔覆与激光-感应复合熔覆Ni60A+35%WC涂层的几何外形、稀释率、WC颗粒分布、显微组织与抗干滑动磨损性能进行对比分析。结果表明,单纯激光熔覆的最大激光扫描速度与最大送粉量仅为600 mm.min–1与25 g.min–1,当激光-感应复合熔覆采用相同的工艺参数时,复合熔覆层的宽度、热影响区、稀释率均大于单纯激光熔覆层,厚度却小于单纯激光熔覆层,WC颗粒与析出的碳化物不均匀地分布于复合熔覆层内,复合熔覆层的抗干滑动磨损性能比单纯激光熔覆层的差。但是,激光-感应复合熔覆的最大激光扫描速度可以提高到2 200 mm.min–1,最大送粉量可以提高到75.6 g.min–1,加工效率是单纯激光熔覆的3倍多,复合熔覆层内WC颗粒分布均匀,经检测无裂纹且稀释率仅为5.2%,抗干滑动磨损性能约是单纯激光熔覆层的1.42倍。     

激光熔覆Ni/SiC陶瓷涂层耐腐蚀性能的研究

采用激光熔覆技术,在45钢表面对含量不同的SiC（质量百分比）陶瓷粉末镍基自熔性粉末进行激光熔覆得到Ni基SiC合金涂层。对不同含量的SiC熔覆层试样进行了阳极极化线测定,试验表明,不论是Ni60涂层还是Ni60／SiC复合涂层的腐蚀电流密度都远小于45钢,但加入SiC后的复合涂层的耐蚀性能下降。     

铝合金表面添加La_2O_3激光熔覆Ni基WC金属陶瓷涂层研究

添加适量La2O3,采用自配的熔覆材料在ZL108表面激光熔覆制备了Ni基WC金属陶瓷复合涂层,对熔覆层进行了显微组织和能谱分析、显微硬度测量以及室温下的干滑动摩擦磨损试验。结果表明,在铝合金表面激光熔覆处理时添加适量La2O3获得的Ni基WC金属陶瓷增强涂层无裂纹,组织细小,致密,WC颗粒增强相与基体之间结合良好。室温下熔覆层的磨损主要为显微切削和粘着磨损,干摩擦磨损性能优良。     

球墨铸铁摩擦副激光熔覆处理层摩擦磨损研究

采用激光熔覆技术在球墨铸铁表面制备了原位析出颗粒增强金属基复合材料表层.以激光强化的球墨铸铁为上试样、灰铸铁为下试样,进行了标准的SRV快速磨损试验.结果表明:熔覆层致密,冶金结合良好,与灰铸铁配副,磨损深度分别为0.84μm、1.79μm,摩擦系数在0.065-0.078内变化,摩擦系数随摩擦时间的增加呈逐渐降低的趋...     

EN8钢轴件表面激光熔覆BNi74CrSiB/微-纳米WC金属陶瓷涂层

在不同工艺条件下,EN8轴件表面采用横流CO2激光器熔覆BNi74CrSiB/微-纳米WC金属陶瓷涂层。通过对熔覆层组织、显微硬度和摩擦磨损性能分析测试表明,在激光功率为2kW,扫描速度为15mm/s、光斑直径为3mm时,可获得较微米粒度WC熔覆层更细小致密的晶粒熔覆层,熔覆层平均显微硬度可达980HV,约为基体硬度的4倍,微-纳米WC的加入能够改善摩擦磨损性能。熔覆后EN8钢轴件的显微硬度和耐磨损性得到极大的提高。     

陶瓷增强镍基合金激光熔覆涂层的研究

本文采用不同粒度和含量的ＳｉＣ、Ｂ４Ｃ、Ａｌ２Ｏ３、ＷＣ等四种陶瓷增强材料添加在镍基合金中进行了激光熔覆试验。对两种ＷＣ陶瓷增强的镍基合金涂层进行了组织结构分析，对熔覆试样的变形规律进行了分析总结。     

激光熔覆原位自生TiB2/Ni金属陶瓷涂层高温抗氧化性研究

利用激光熔覆技术在45钢表面制备了不同涂层成分的原位自生TiB2/Ni金属陶瓷复合涂层,研究了涂层显微形貌以及在600℃等温和不断升温中的高温抗氧化性能.结果表明:涂层均匀致密,内部无裂纹、气孔等缺陷,熔覆质量良好.当涂层中陶瓷相含量较低时,可以得到晶粒细小、均匀致密的氧化层,能有效阻止了涂层内部的高温氧化;但陶瓷相含...     

超音速火焰喷涂WC-Co涂层耐磨性研究

利用超音速火焰喷涂（HVOF）工艺制备了WC-Co涂层，测定了涂层孔隙率、显微硬度及干摩擦磨损过程中涂层材料失重，得出涂层干摩擦因数随时间的变化关系，分析了涂层摩擦磨损机制。结果表明，WC-Co涂层致密，平均孔隙率为1．29％，显微硬度达1140HV（测试载荷2．94N），干摩擦条件下材料失重低于电镀Cr镀层2个数量级；摩擦初期，干摩擦因数迅速增加，主要磨损特征是粘结相富Co区的犁沟切削，摩擦中后期，摩擦副间实际接触面积增大，摩擦因数变化较小，磨损趋于稳定。WC-Co涂层的主要磨损机制是疲劳磨损和犁沟切削。     

青铜-石墨复合粉末热喷涂层的干滑动摩擦磨损性能

研究了石墨含量和载荷等对青铜-石墨复合粉末热喷涂自润滑涂层干滑动摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明：青铜-石墨热喷涂层有很好的自润滑性能，石墨含量为6％的涂层抗磨损性能最优。     

Origin of Friction in Running-in Sliding Wear of Nitride Coatings

To investigate the origin of running-in friction in unlubricated sliding wear, a magnetron sputtered multilayer coating TiAlN/VN was tested on a ball-on-disc tribometer for a series of sliding durations from 10 to 1000 cycles, followed by careful observation of the obtained worn surfaces using an field-emission gun scanning electron microscope. Three steps of friction variation were found: (1) prior to wear particle generation, low initial friction coefficient was around 0.2–0.25 purely attributed to the asperity contact; (2) then it increased steeply to a range of 0.4–0.5 in the first 100 cycles following the generation, breaking and agglomeration of wear particles, and in particular the scaling-up of fish-scale-like tribofilm; (3) eventually it approached to a steady-state value around 0.5 when the friction was governed by the viscous shearing of the tribofilm. It is concluded that, under unlubricated sliding wear, the friction behaviour of transition metal nitride hard coating is dominated by the viscous shearing of tribofilm adhesively bonding to the parent nitride coating.     

Friction and Wear Properties of Electrodeposited Nickel–Titania Nanocomposite Coatings

The Einstein–Debye relationship gives the time, λ _EB, for Brownian motion to remove the alignment of polar molecules resulting from an imposed electrical field after the field is removed. Measurements of the dielectric relaxation time and the shear-dependent viscosity in low-molecular-weight liquids, however, show that the theoretical Einstein–Debye rotational relaxation time is much better correlated with the characteristic time in the Carreau law for low-molecular-weight liquids than with the dielectric relaxation time. In fact, the dielectric relaxation time of bis(phenoxyphenoxy)benzene is better approximated by the ratio of viscosity to limiting-high-rate shear modulus. Flow curves for the low molecular weight, monodisperse liquids, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate and squalane, can be well-represented by the Carreau law with the Einstein–Debye time as the characteristic time. Doing so yields the standard form for time–temperature–pressure superposition.     

摩擦过程中磨屑运动的分析

制动摩擦材料和铸铁摩擦盘在摩擦过程中产生磨屑。磨屑对摩擦层的形成、组成及其动态平衡、摩擦机制以及摩擦性能起着重要作用。为了理解磨屑对摩擦层形成的影响,以国家标准(GB5763-2008)中第4类盘式制动器用衬片规定的定速摩擦性能测定仪和测试条件,对四类磨屑(拖曳、跃迁、振动和碰撞)分别在摩擦材料和摩擦盘之间的三维空间运动的受力状态、运动轨迹和动力学行为进行了分析。结果表明,磨屑的运动轨迹是一个不规则运动,磨屑之间会发生碰撞。在摩擦过程中,磨屑可以飞离摩擦盘,也可以聚集在摩擦材料和摩擦盘表面形成摩擦层。     

Wear,Friction, and Electrical Noise Phenomena in Severe Sliding Systems

The sliding mechanisms of unlubricated gold and palladium are described. Transfer, roughening, wear, friction, and contact resistance phenomena involve the same discrete events.

With rider-flat geometry, severely Worked transfer particles form a prow-shaped wedge which adheres to the smaller member. Even when rider and flat are different, prow material comes from the larger part. Loss of prow occurs by adhesive weld-back transfer and, to form loose debris, by shearing or fatigue fracture.

Friction rises in the early stages of sliding as prows grow. Soon, back transfer increases hardness of the larger member and friction falls to an equilibrium level. Friction also falls when prows are kneaded into rollers and become loose debris. During these stages, wear rate diminishes.

Contact resistance noise originates in stick-slip, roller formation, surface hardening, and changing composition at the sliding interface when dissimilar contact metals are involved.     

Friction and Wear Behaviors of TiN Coatings under Dry and Vacuum Conditions

In this study, pure TiN coatings were applied on AISI 52100 steel surfaces with a magnetron sputterer at different direct current (DC) powers and N₂ flows to develop a wear-resistant coating for sliding tribopairs working in atmospheric and vacuum conditions. Wear and friction characteristics of these coatings were investigated with a tribometer under both vacuum and atmospheric conditions. DC power and N₂ flow affected the coating thickness and structure. TiN coatings showed different wear and friction characteristics under ambient and vacuum conditions due to the oxidation level of the surface.     

不同铁含量镍-铁合金镀层的摩擦磨损性能

采用电沉积方法在LY12CZ铝合金表面制备了不同铁含量的镍-铁合金镀层,研究了铁含量对合金镀层硬度和摩擦磨损性能的影响;并根据镀层的磨损形貌探讨了其磨损机理。结果表明:当铁含量低于12.63%(原子分数,下同)时,随着铁含量增加,镀层的硬度增加,摩擦因数减小,耐磨性能提高;当铁含量为由12.63%增至23.59%时,镀层的摩擦因数略有增加,硬度和耐磨性能有所降低;镍镀层的主要磨损机理为显微推碾,随着铁含量的增加,镍-铁合金镀层的磨损机理由显微推碾转变为显微切削。     

PCrMo钢的摩擦磨损特性实验研究

采用自制的销盘式摩擦磨损试验机、光学及扫描电子显微镜，研究了PCrMo钢配副的干滑动摩擦磨损特性。结果表明：摩擦因数随着载荷的增加而增加，随着滑动速度的增加而减小；磨损率随着载荷的增加而增加，随着滑动速度的增加先增加而后降低。PCrMo磨损失效机理主要表现为疲劳剥落和粘着磨损。     

粘合剂体系对高摩合成闸瓦摩擦磨损性能的影响

设计了橡胶改性酚醛树脂和酚醛树脂改性橡胶闸瓦,利用闸瓦1:3制动试验台研究了树脂基和橡胶基作为高摩合成闸瓦的摩擦磨损性能,分析了2种粘结剂的增强效果.结果表明,橡胶基闸瓦摩擦温升小、摩擦因数高、性能稳定,磨耗量也仅为树脂基闸瓦的1/2,综合性能优于树脂基闸瓦.