PREPARATION AND CHAIACTERISTICS OF (Y,Gd)2O3:Eu3+ NANOPARTICLES

用湿化学共沉淀法制备了(Y, Gd)2O3:Eu3+纳米粒子. 用XRD, TEM, SEM及差示/热重分析 (DSC/TG)手段对粉体进行了表征. 用荧光光度计分析了样品的激发光谱和发射光谱. 结果表明： 在煅烧温度为800 ℃保温2 h时, 合成出近似球形、粒径均匀且分散性好的(Y, Gd)2O3:Eu3+纳米粒 子, 一次颗粒尺寸约为20 nm. 样品在波长为612.0 nm监控光下激发, 出现235和250 nm两个激发 峰, 分别为(Y, Gd)2O3基质吸收和Eu3+迁移态(CTS)吸收造成的. 两个波长激发下的发射光谱峰强 度前者高于后者. 当掺杂Eu3的摩尔浓度为3%时, 发射光谱对应5D07F2 能级跃迁的相对峰强度 最大, 当Eu3+掺杂的摩尔浓度为7%时, 相对峰强度反而降低, 这是由于Eu3+的浓度猝灭造成的.     

Y3Al5O12:Eu3+在紫外区域发光特性的研究

以金属硝酸盐和稀土氧化物为初始原料,柠檬酸为配位剂,采用柠檬酸-凝胶法在1000℃下制备了结晶性较好的掺杂三价铕离子的钇铝石榴石红色荧光粉,该方法比普通固相反应的烧结温度降低了约450℃。X射线衍射结果表明,合成的样品具有Y3Al5O12立方晶系晶体结构,Y3-x Eux Al5O12(0.025≤x≤0.15)的晶格参数a随x的增大而增大。通过对掺杂Y3-x Eux Al5O12(0.025≤x≤0.15)材料的激发和发射光谱研究,发现其最有效激发波长为位于240 nm左右的宽吸收带,归属于Eu3+→O2-的电荷转移跃迁(CTS),最强发射峰波长为590 nm,对应于Eu3+的5D0→7F1跃迁。柠檬酸凝胶法制备样品与固相法制备样品相比较,其发射强度较低,但红橙比较大,色纯度好。     

Eu0.12Y1.88-xO3-δ(M=Mg,Ca)纳米晶的制备及光致发光性能

在超声波作用下以均匀沉淀法制备Eu0.12Y1.88-xMxO3-δ(M=Mg,Ca)纳米晶荧光粉,用x射线衍射仪(xRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、荧光光谱对其进行表征,研究掺杂Mg2 、Ca2 对Y2O3:Eu3 纳米品光致发光(PL)性能的影响.结果表明,掺杂Mg2 后,Y2O3:Eu3 的PL发射强度减弱,而掺杂Ca2 后Y2O3:Eu3 的PL发射强度得到明显增强,掺杂浓度高至15%(摩尔分数)后仍具有优良的发光性能,大大提高掺杂Y2O3:Eu3 纳米品的猝灭浓度.样品Eu0.12Y1.78Ca01003-δ具有最佳PL发射强度,是未掺杂Y2O3:Eu3 的2.4倍,且色纯度显著提高.掺杂样品PL性能的增强可归因于Eu3 的电荷迁移带(CTS)与接近Y(4d 5s)导带处缺陷态的叠加,与掺杂离子的电负性及掺杂离子后样品的晶粒尺寸、结构对称性有关.     

CHARACTERISTICS OF BaHfO3∶Ce NANO—POWDER

用湿化学共沉淀法制备了掺杂Ce的BaHfO3纳米粉体,采用XRD,TEM及TG-DTA等手段分析了粉体合成过程的物相变化及特性;用荧光光度计分析了样品的激发光谱和发射光谱.结果表明:先驱沉淀物经1000℃煅烧2 h,合成出多边形貌、分散性良好、粒径尺寸为30-50 nm的BaHfO3:Ce纳米粉体.掺杂Ce浓度(摩尔分数)为0.3%的BaHfO3的谱峰相对强度最高,其激发光谱在393和445 nm处出现2个激发峰. 393 nm波长激发的发射光谱主要由两个光谱带组成,其峰值分别位于485和530 nm波长处;用445 nm波长激发时,483 nm附近的峰已不明显,只在529 nm有一个较宽的发射峰. BaHfO3:Ce的发光特性由激活Ce3 的5d-2F5/2和5d-2F7/2宽带跃迁产生,其激发光谱和发射光谱均为宽带谱.     

溶剂热-溶胶凝胶两步法合成(Y,Gd)(P,V)O_4:Eu~(3+),Bi~(3+)荧光粉及其发光研究

采用溶剂热-溶胶凝胶两步法合成了(Y1-z,Gd z)1-x-y(P z,V1-z)O4:x Eu3+,yBi3+系列红色荧光粉。用XRD、SEM和荧光分光光度计,对试样的晶体结构、表面形貌及发光性能进行了表征。结果表明:样品为四方晶系,掺杂离子的加入对基质晶体结构影响不大;样品形貌均一,呈短杆状或椭圆状;激发光谱由位于250~400 nm的O2--V5+带和Eu3+-O2-带组成;最强发射峰位于619 nm,归属于Eu3+的5D0→7F2特征跃迁发射;Eu3+的最佳掺杂量为5 mol%(x=0.05);掺杂Bi3+、Gd3+、P5+后,样品发射强度得到显著提高,Bi3+的掺杂还会使激发带红移至400 nm。说明这类荧光粉是可用于近紫外芯片激发的白光LED用红色荧光粉。     

Eu~(3+)掺杂RE_2Sn_2O_7(RE=La,Gd,Y)纳米荧光材料的水热合成与发光性能

采用水热法合成Eu3+掺杂的RE2Sn2O7(RE=La,Gd,Y)系列样品,并采用XRD、SEM、FT-IR和荧光光谱对合成产物的晶体结构、颗粒尺寸、形貌和光学性能进行研究。结果表明:水热合成产物为单一相烧绿石结构的RE2Sn2O7:Eu3+(RE=La,Gd,Y),产物具有由一次纳米颗粒团聚而成的不规则球状形貌。激发光谱和发射光谱测试结果表明:Eu3+掺杂RE2Sn2O7(RE=La,Gd,Y)样品可以被紫外光有效地激发,发射出Eu3+离子特征的橙红色光。与其他样品相比,Gd2Sn2O7:Eu3+样品具有最强的橙红色发光,并对其原因进行了分析。     

微乳液法制备（Y,Gd）2O3：Eu^3＋纳米粒子及光谱特性

采用反相微乳液法制备(Y,Gd)2O3:Eu3 纳米粉体.通过XRD、TG/DSC、SEM、TEM、PL等手段分别对样品的晶化过程、晶粒尺寸、粉体形貌以及发光性能进行分析.结果表明:晶粒尺寸随着晶化温度提高而增加,样品在800℃晶化完全.当乳液浓度为0.37 mol/L时所得粉体颗粒呈近似球形,一次粒径尺寸约20 am.样品在612nm监控光下得到的激发光谱是宽带谱,对应着Eu3 -O2-的电荷迁移带跃迁.发射光谱的特征峰位于612nm处,是由于Eu3 离子的5D0-7F2跃迁造成的.当Eu的原子分数大于10%时发生浓度猝火,导致特征峰强度降低.     

Eu0.12Y1.88-xMxO3-δ（M=Mg,Ca）纳米晶的制备及光致发光性能

在超声波作用下以均匀沉淀法制备Eu0.12Y1.88-xMxO3-δ（M=Mg,Ca）纳米晶荧光粉,用X射线衍射仪（XRD）、透射电镜（TEM）、荧光光谱对其进行表征,研究掺杂Mg2＋、Ca2＋对Y2O3：Eu3＋纳米晶光致发光（PL）性能的影响。结果表明,掺杂Mg2＋后,Y2O3：Eu3＋的PL发射强度减弱,而掺杂Ca2＋后Y2O3：Eu3＋的PL发射强度得到明显增强,掺杂浓度高至15%（摩尔分数）后仍具有优良的发光性能,大大提高掺杂Y2O3：Eu3＋纳米晶的猝灭浓度。样品Eu0.12Y1.78Ca0.10O3-δ具有最佳PL发射强度,是未掺杂Y2O3：Eu3＋的2.4倍,且色纯度显著提高。掺杂样品PL性能的增强可归因于Eu3＋的电荷迁移带（CTS）与接近Y（4d＋5s）导带处缺陷态的叠加,与掺杂离子的电负性及掺杂离子后样品的晶粒尺寸、结构对称性有关。     

Lu_2O_3:Yb~(3+),Tm~(3+)纳米晶的制备和上转换发光性能(英文)

采用碳酸氢铵(NH4HCO3)为沉淀剂,用共沉淀法制备Yb3+和Tm3+共掺杂的Lu2O3:Yb3+,Tm3+纳米晶。研究Tm3+摩尔分数、Yb3+摩尔分数和煅烧温度对Lu2O3:Yb3+,Tm3+纳米晶的结构和上转换发光性能的影响。结果表明:所制备的纳米晶具有纯的Lu2O3相,结晶性较好。当掺杂的Tm3+浓度超过0.2%(摩尔分数)时,出现浓度淬灭效应。Tm3+和Yb3+的最佳掺杂比分别为0.2%和2%(摩尔分数)。在980nm半导体激光器的激发下,样品发射出蓝光(490nm)和红光(653nm),分别对应Tm3+的1G4→3H6和1G4→3F4跃迁。发射强度与激发功率的关系表明,Tm3+的1G4能级布居是三光子能量传递过程。随着煅烧温度的升高,上转换发光强度增强,这主要是因为随着温度的升高纳米晶表面的OH?减少和纳米晶尺寸增大。     

M3Gd(PO4)3:Tm3+(M=Mg,Ca,Sr,Ba)真空紫外发光特性

研究了M3Gd(PO4)3Tm3+(M=Sr,Ba,Ca,Mg)样品的结构特性、发光特性.M3Gd(PO4)3Tm3+属于立方晶系.基质掺入铥离子后其结构没有明显变化.M3Gd(PO4)3Tm3+在166 nm和210 nm附近有强烈的吸收峰.位于166 nm附近的强烈吸收峰归因于基质的强烈吸收,210 nm附近的吸收峰则归因于Gd3+的8S7/2-6GJ的能级跃迁.在166 nm真空紫外光激发下,样品在453 nm及363 nm处有较强的发射峰,发射主峰位于453 nm.随着样品中阳离子的变化,M3Gd(PO4)3Tm3+的激发峰发生强烈变化,从而导致其发射光谱有了较大变化.     

Thermodynamic analysis of the CsNO3-KNO3-NaNo3 system

The thermodynamic properties of the CsNO₃-KNO₃-NaNO₃ system have been derived from an optimization procedure using experimental and published information concerning phase diagram and thermodynamic data for the constituent binary systems and ternary liquid phase. The results are in very close agreement with the experimental data.     

Phase diagrams of binary systems: AgNO3KNO3 and AgNO3 -@#@ NaNO3

AgNO₃-KNO₃ and AgNO₃-NaNO₃ phase diagrams were drawn using a simultaneous thermal analysis technique in the range 373 to 623 K. The apparatus is described briefly. Figure 1 shows a continuous solid solution in equilibrium with the liquid phase. It exhibits a eutectoid mixture (20 mol% NaNO₃) at 380.7 K. Figure 2 shows a eutectic mixture (45 mol % KNO₃) at 413 K, a eutectoid mixture (20 mol % KNO₃) at 409 K, and a continuous invariant at 404 K.     

三自由度并联机构（3SPS 3SRR）的位置分析

针对一种3SPS-3SRR并联机构,运用符号法对该机构进行位置分析建模及求解。构建动、静坐标系,通过矩阵转换对机构建立约束方程,运用Sylvester消元方法进行消元得到机构单变元输入输出方程,求得机构位姿的封闭解。最后进行实例求解,得到该机构处于一般姿态的32组实数解,并使机构处于特殊位姿,将所得封闭解与预估解对比,从而验证该位置求解模型的正确性。基于符号法的3SPS-3SRR并联机构位置分析模型具有准确、高效的特点,规避了基于数值法的诸多缺点,对该机构的深入分析具有重要理论意义及实用价值。     

3-D or not 3-D

When developing mathematical models of physical phenomena, physical scientists have been limited to two-dimensional solutions. In some cases, those solutions may be qualitatively correct, but in many others, the solutions are far from reality. This paper presents three examples of the limitations of two-dimensional modeling :diffusion-limited electrolytic reduction of a liquidproduct from a liquid electrolyte, morphological development of a solid dendrite, and behavior of a two-phase fluid under shear.     

GdF_3:Ce~(3+),Ln~(3+)(Ln~(3+)=Eu~(3+),Tb~(3+),Dy~(3+),Sm~(3+))纳米晶体的制备与发光性能研究

应用共沉淀法,制备共掺同一敏化剂(Ce3+)和不同激活剂(Tb3+,Eu3+,Sm3+,Dy3+)的GdF3纳米晶体。在单一波长(254nm)紫外光的激发下,掺杂不同镧系激活离子的样品能够发射出不同颜色的明亮可见发光,因而适用于多色生物标记。     

3

In this paper, a planning algorithm for multi-path/multi-layer circular locus is poposed. The algorithm is applied to weld the nipples on the header of boiler. Multi-path/multi-layer circular locus is planned according to three teaching points, which is lapped head-on-end to satisfy the requirement of technology. For the nipples wherever they are arranged radially or axially, even if there are errors caused by positioning and thermal deformations, providing that nipple's position and orientation relative to the teaching one can be measured, the multi-path/multi-layer circular locus can be planned without teaching any more. The algorithm has been applied in welding robot for manufacturing power station' boiler.     

Electronic structures of semiconducting FeGa3, RuGa3, OsGa3, and RuIn3 with the CoGa3- or the FeGa3-type structure

Electronic structure of FeGa₃, RuGa₃, OsGa₃ and RuIn₃ with the crystal structures belonging to the space group of P4n2 (No. 118), which is usually referred to as the CoGa₃-type structure, and P4₂/mnm (No. 136), which is usually referred to as the FeGa₃-type structure, have been calculated using a first-principle pseudopotential method based on the density-functional theory within the local density approximation (LDA) with the generalized gradient correction. All of them have the similar band structure in that the valence band maximum occurs at or near A and the conduction band minimum occurs at a point between Z and Γ. From the total energies calculated, compounds with the FeGa₃-type structures are more stable than those with the CoGa₃-type structures. The band gaps of FeGa₃, RuGa₃, OsGa₃ and RuIn₃ with the FeGa₃-type structure are about 0.50, 0.26, 0.68, and 0.30 eV, respectively, which are wider than those with the CoGa₃-type structure. Calculated band gaps are wider than the observed gaps, which is unusual in the LDA calculation.     

PMN-PNN-PT陶瓷晶粒异常长大研究

采用两步法和等离子放电烧结技术制备出了致密的单一钙钛矿相的PMN-PNN-PT陶瓷,对其高温热处理后晶粒异常长大进行了研究.发现添加5%(质量分数)过量PbO有助于晶粒的异常长大,观察到了3种典型的异常长大晶粒,为下一步固态法制备该组成单晶打下了基础.     

BiFeO3-BaTiO3-LaFeO3三元多铁性陶瓷材料的制备及性能

采用固相法制备了1-x(0.71BiFeO3-0.29B aTiO3)-xLaFeO3 (x=0.0,0.1,0 2,0 3,0 4,0.5)三元多铁性陶瓷材料,并研究了LaFeO3含量对陶瓷物相结构、微观组织、电学性能和磁电耦合性能的影响。结果显示,所有陶瓷均为单一钙钛矿结构,但随LaFeO3含量的增加,伴随着结构相变。所得陶瓷晶粒尺寸均匀,表现出良好的微观形貌,陶瓷晶粒随LaFeO3含量的增加而明显变小。虽然LaFeO3的加入在一定程度上降低了陶瓷的介电常数,但分析发现,x=0.1时能降低陶瓷的漏导,其漏电流达到了最小值,在10-7~10-8 A/cm2数量级,并且该陶瓷的剩余极化强度Pr和磁电耦合系数αME均达到最大值,分别为0.45μC/cm2和132.21 mV/cm·Oe (120 kHz)。因此,与0.71BiFeO3-0.29BaTiO3陶瓷相比,添加少量LaFeO3可以在一定程度上增加陶瓷的铁电性和磁电耦合性能。     

Features of feathery γ structure in a near-γ TiAl alloy

This work characterizes the feathery-like structures produced in a Ti–46.8Al–1.7Cr–1.8Nb (at.%) alloy during rapid continuous cooling from the α domain. Their morphology and crystallography are described using different microscopy and orientation mapping techniques. These feathery-like structures are divided into many small domains, characterized by low-angle misorientations (rotated less than 15°) between the domains. The domains comprise multiple parallel γ lamellae and rare traces of α₂. These lamellae follow the Blackburn orientation relationship and have a {1 1 1}_γ habit plane. Two types of γ-feathery structures were identified according to their location and crystallography. The grain-boundary γ-feathery structures originate from lamellar structures that grow into a neighboring grain. Alternatively, the internal γ-feathery structures are located in the interior of prior α grains and show an average misorientation of 36° around one $〈100{〉}_{{\mathrm{\gamma }}_{\text{L}}}$ axis of the lamellar structure in which it is embedded. This paper describes these two γ-feathery structures in detail and discusses their development in light of the mechanisms available in the literature, particularly sympathetic nucleation.