一种基于认知无线电的自组网多信道MAC协议

针对节点具有多个可用信道的自组网的信道资源利用率问题,提出了一种基于认知无线电的MAC接入协议,协议根据网络中节点的邻居关系,通过认知推理对两跳邻居范围内的不同网络节点分配不同的驻留信道,驻留信道的选择考虑了避免信道干扰和冲突,每个节点只需要两部半双工收发信机就能够实现在多个信道上高效的数据收发.仿真结果表明,协议在网络总吞吐量、端到端时延等方面具有优良的性能,能很好地适用于节点密集的应用场合.     

一种基于认知无线电的自组网多信道MAC协议

针对节点具有多个可用信道的自组网的信道资源利用率问题,提出了一种基于认知无线电的MAC接入协议.协议根据网络中节点的邻居关系,通过认知推理对两跳邻居范围内的不同网络节点分配不同的驻留信道.驻留信道的选择考虑了避免信道干扰和冲突,每个节点只需要两部半双工收发信机就能够实现在多个信道上高效的数据收发,同时只需很少的控制信息开销.仿真结果表明,协议在网络总吞吐量、端到端时延等方面具有优良的性能,能很好地适用于节点密集的应用场合.     

一种适用于自组网的多信道轮询多址MAC协议

本文针对节点具有多个可用信道的自组网,提出了一种基于令牌环的多信道轮询多址MAC协议,协议在控制信道上采用令牌轮询接入方式来实现节点公平接入信道,通过令牌的传递预约数据信道来实现动态按需分配信道的数据传输,并对该协议进行了性能分析。     

一种高效的水下传感器网络MAC协议

水声信道具有窄带宽、高传播延时等特点,为有效减少水声信道冲突,信道预约型MAC协议成为水下传感器网络的首要选择.通过分析信道预约型MAC协议节点在高负载网络条件下的RTS-CTS控制包的交换过程,给出了多个节点对同时取得信道使用权成立条件,设计了一种在一次RTS-CTS握手后,拥有信道使用权的多个节点对依次进行无碰撞数据传输的MAC协议.最后通过仿真实验验证协议的性能,结果表明:该协议具有更高的网络吞吐量和更低的网络时延.     

无线传感器网络中采用预约机制的MAC协议改进

提出一种基于信道预约的MAC协议CR-MAC(channel-reservation MAC),该协议是在S-MAC（sensor-MAC）协议基础上进行的改进。当有数据需要发送时,首先以基于竞争的方式发送和接收信道预约信息,实现信道的按需分配;信道预约完成后各节点按照预约好的时间片进行激活,以时分复用的方式传输数据。CR-MAC协议能够有效地减少节点的空闲侦听和串音干扰,从而降低能量消耗和传输延时。     

无线多媒体传感器网络实时MAC协议

实时性是无线多媒体传感器网络的重要考虑因素之一,而MAC协议能否高效地使用无线信道对保障无线多媒体传感器网络的实时性起着决定性作用。针对无线多媒体传感器网络的业务数据特点,提出了一种基于时隙预留的多信道实时MAC协议。该协议在响应流媒体查询之前,事先建立一条从源节点到汇聚节点的时隙预留流路径,从而最小化数据包在每一次转发时的信道接入时延。仿真结果表明,该协议明显减小了流媒体数据的端到端时延与时延抖动,并且具有较好的能量有效性。     

基于状态着色的水声网络 ＭＡＣ 协议

水声网络中的MAC协议主要采用RTS/CTS机制,然而RTS/CTS控制包不仅限制了并发传输的可能性进而降低了信道利用率和吞吐量,而且造成信道资源分配不公平。为了提高吞吐量、信道利用率和公平性,提出了一种基于状态着色的水声网络MAC协议（State Coloring based MAC, SC-MAC）。在SC-MAC协议中,每个节点根据自身一跳邻居表构建本地分层图,通过侦听数据帧或ACK帧获知邻居节点状态来为本地分层图中的节点着色,并根据本地分层着色图调度包的发送,减少数据帧的碰撞与重传。SC-MAC协议在避免冲突的前提下实现了并行传输。同时,给出基于公平性的退避方案以提高SC-MAC协议的公平性。仿真结果表明,SC-MAC协议与R-MAC协议和slotted-FAMA协议相比在端到端延迟、吞吐量和平均能耗等方面有明显的优势。     

降低控制开销的太赫兹无线个域网双信道MAC协议

针对现有的太赫兹无线个域网双信道媒体访问控制(Medium Access Control, MAC)协议在节点需要双向通信时采用半双工通信方式和对于已通信过的节点再次通信且位置未发生改变时信息控制开销较大而影响网络性能的问题,提出一种低控制开销的太赫兹无线个域网双信道MAC协议(Low Control Overhead dual-channel MAC protocol, LCO-MAC).LCO-MAC协议通过在通信双方节点同时有向对方发送数据的需求时,采用点对点全双工通信机制通过一次信息控制帧的交互完成信道预约和自适应省略允许发送帧/测试帧机制,降低信息交互过程的控制开销,提高吞吐量来提升网络性能.仿真结果表明,与TAB-MAC协议和EF-MAC协议相比,本文所提出的协议信息控制开销降低了至少12.6%、网络吞吐量和信道利用率提升分别不少于11.3%和12%.     

接收者视角选择信道的分布式多信道MAC协议

为了有效地利用无线信道资源并获得更好的网络性能,提出了一种新型的多信道的媒质接入控制协议,即接收者视角优先动态信道分配协议.对现有的多信道MAC协议存在的问题进行分析,并提出新的设计思想.在RMDA协议中,每个节点实时地将当前状态信息发送给邻居节点,并以接受者的视角结合邻居状态列表来选择通信的数据信道,减少冲突发生的概率,从而更有效地使用多信道增加了网络吞吐量.另外,协议明显地改善了数据包时延等网络性能,特别是当网络负载很大的情况下.仿真结果展示出提出的RMDA协议是一个的获得较高网络能力的多信道MAC协议,为多信道MAC协议的研究和发展提供一个新的思考视角.     

认知无线电网络分布式多信道MAC协议*

在认知无线电网络中,MAC协议用于信道感知、选择和接入控制。以单网卡多信道MAC（MMAC）协议为基础,依据IEEE 802.22标准定义的静默期管理的两阶段感知策略,提出一种认知无线电网络分布式多信道MAC（CR-MMAC）协议。将两阶段感知机制和分布式协商融入MMAC协议,利用空闲频谱进行数据传输,并在MMAC协议ATIM窗的数据信道协商阶段引入预约机制,以避免选择同一信道的认知节点对在后续数据传输阶段再利用CSMA/CA造成的竞争碰撞。仿真对比分析表明,CR-MMAC协议能提高网络吞吐量、降低通信时     

自组网环境下基于QoS的路由协议

自组网是一组带有无线收发装置的移动节点组成的一个多跳的临时性的自治系统。在这种环境中,由于节点无线通信覆盖范围的有限性,需要借助其它中间节点进行分组转发到达信宿。常规路由协议在自组网环境无法有效地正常运行。文中首先描述了自组网的概念和特点,在此基础上提出了自组网环境下的基于QoS的路由协议。该路由协议的主要思想是根据无线链路两个重要指标：平均错误分组率和生存时间进行路由发现、选择和维护。相对于跳数而言,它们向用户提供了最有可能满足特定QoS需求的信息流的传输。     

A new adaptive MAC protocol with QoS support based on IEEE 802.11 in ad hoc networks

With the expanding of applications, the demand of quality of service (QoS) has become strongly increased in ad hoc networks. Since the efficient and reasonable MAC protocol is a key factor for providing QoS in ad hoc networks, in this paper we propose an adaptive QoS MAC protocol (AMP) based on IEEE 802.11. In AMP, we introduce the concept of transmission license, where only the node which holds transmission license can participate in the channel contention for changing the number of licenses according to the load of the network adaptively, controlling the number of the nodes that participate in the channel contention, and ensuring the nodes with licenses share the channels through contention. In addition, AMP assigns different priority classes for different traffic according to the special characteristics and performance types of the different networks, and it sets the different contention parameters for the different priorities services for guaranteeing these services performances to have advantages in the channel contention. Simulation shows that compared to IEEE 802.11 protocol, AMP not only can meet the QoS requirement with high priority in the networks but also can well solve the hidden terminal problems and the fairness issues between different network nodes; that is, it can satisfy the high efficiency, pertinence, spatial-reuse, etc. to the largest extent at the same time in limited channels.     

一种应用于宽带分布式并行服务器Ad hoc网络的MAC协议

分布式并行服务器具有高的整体性能,用它作为网络服务器的Ad hoc网络,会体现出更好的服务性能。然而,无线系统的带宽有限,因此信道资源分配算法直接影响着分布式并行Ad hoc网络的性能。本文提出了一种适用于分布式并行Ad hoc网络的MAC协议DPACP,它根据通信节点的状态进行有选择的区分服务,采用混合服务规则满足不同优先级分组、不同通信节点的QoS需求。仿真表明,该协议对不同优先级分组均有良好的适应性,满足不同优先级的性能需求,对多业务的综合服务系统具有很强的适应性,从而使系统的稳定性大大增强,适用于分布式并行Ad hoc服务网络和用户网络。     

Virtual node based adaptive routing in wireless ad hoc networks

It is a challenge to make the routes quickly adapt to the changed network topology when nodes fail in a wireless ad hoc network. In this paper, we propose an adaptive routing protocol, which groups the network nodes into virtual nodes according to their data transfer capabilities and creates virtual-node-based routes. The protocol can accommodate the routes to node failures by adaptively pdating the virtual nodes and just-in-time using available nodes during data transmission. The simulations indicate that the proposed protocol can keep the routes failed-node-freewhen the available virtual node members cover the failed nodes scattering area.     

一种新的移动Ad Hoc网络随机密钥分发机制

移动Ad Hoc网络是一种无需固定通信基础设施、拓扑结构动态变化的无线网络,所以传统的密钥管理机制不能应用于Ad Hoc网络。本文在分析文献[1]中所提出的无线网络随机密钥分发机制的基础上提出了一个改进的基于环形通信的密钥分发协议,并对该协议进行了安全性和性能上的分析。在建立结点之间的安全信道时,该协议引入环状的合作结点集,不仅能够保证安全性和鲁棒性,而且大大降低了通信量。     

Virtual node based adaptive routing in wireless ad hoc networks

It is a challenge to make the routes quickly adapt to the changed network topology when nodes fail in a wireless ad hoc network. In this paper, we propose an adaptive routing protocol, which groups the network nodes into virtual nodes according to their data transfer capabilities and creates virtual-node-based routes. The protocol can accommodate the routes to node failures by adaptively updating the virtual nodes and just-in-time using available nodes during data transmission. The simulations indicate that the proposed protocol can keep the routes failed-node-free when the available virtual node members cover the failed nodes scattering area.     

自组网中一种基于跨层负载感知的按需负载均衡路由

本文提出了一种新的基于跨层负载感知的自组网负载均衡路由协议（CLLOR）。CLLOR在路由发现阶段和路由维护阶段将整个路径中各节点MAC层的总平均估计时延和路径总业务流负载结合起来共同作为路由选择和路由调整的重要依据,以实现网络业务流的均衡分布和均衡传输。协议通过禁止中间节点对路由请求进行应答和阻止不必要的路由请求分组经由重负载的中间节点转发,以保证路由发现时能够利用最新的负载信息,并避免了节点在重负载情况下成为新建路由的中间节点,使得协议具有一定的拥塞控制功能,以间接的方式实现了请求接纳控制。通过上述措施,可以很好地避免网络中出现拥塞节点,减少了网络瓶颈对网络性能的影响。仿真表明,CLLOR在分组丢失率、平均端到端时延和路由附加开销等方面具有良好的性能,其优良的分布式控制特征能适应自组网的动态环境。     

Performance evaluation of a mesh-evolving quality-of-service-aware multicast routing protocol for mobile ad hoc networks

The tremendous amount of multimedia applications running across the wireless communication medium makes quality of service (QoS) a fundamental requirement for mobile ad hoc networks. However, it is not easy to incorporate QoS into these networks. Moreover, the growing number of group-oriented applications also necessitates the efficient utilisation of network resources. The multicast model is a promising technique which can achieve this efficiency by facilitating the inherent broadcast capability of the wireless medium. The mesh-evolving ad hoc QoS multicast (MAQM) routing protocol is developed to address the resource efficiency and QoS problems with one, integrated solution. MAQM achieves multicast efficiency by tracking the availability of resources for each node within its neighbourhood. The QoS status is monitored continuously and announced periodically to the extent of QoS provision. Using these features, MAQM nodes can make their decisions on joining a new multicast session based on the sustainability of their perceived QoS. MAQM also evolves the initial multicast tree into a mesh during the course of an ongoing session to achieve a more robust network topology. Thus, MAQM integrates the concept of QoS-awareness into multicast routing in mobile ad hoc networks. Since ad hoc networks require the protocol control overhead to be as small as possible, we analyse the multicast session establishment process of MAQM to see its impact on the protocol performance in terms of system control overhead. We also evaluate the performance of MAQM through computer simulations using various qualitative and quantitative criteria. The simulation results validate our mathematical analysis of the control overhead and show that MAQM significantly improves multicast efficiency through its QoS-aware admission and routing decisions with an acceptably small overhead. Thus, MAQM shows that QoS is not only essential for, but also applicable to mobile ad hoc networks.     

An efficient hop count routing protocol for wireless ad hoc networks

An efcient hop count route fnding approach for mobile ad hoc network is presented in this paper.It is an adaptive routing protocol that has a tradeof between transmission power and hop count for wireless ad hoc networks.During the route fnding process,the node can dynamically assign transmission power to nodes along the route.The node who has received route request message compares its power with the threshold power value,and then selects a reasonable route according to discriminating algorithms.This algorithm is an efective solution scheme to wireless ad hoc networks through reasonably selected path to reduce network consumption.Simulation results indicate that the proposed protocol can deliver better performances with respect to energy consumption and end-to-end delay.