水平管内气液两相流传热初探

在水平套管内进行了空气—水体系气液两相流传热的研究。结果表明,水平管内气液两相流传热的传热系数明显高于液体单相流传热的传热系数,且存在着K—ΔP关系的最经济区域。     

矩形微通道内两相流摩擦压降特性及计算方法

使用表面张力不同的纯水和乙醇作为液体,用氮气作为气体,在水平矩形微通道(dh = 0.29 mm)中开展两相流摩擦压降的实验研究,对通道进出口的压力进行了测量.结合流型说明了表面张力对摩擦压降产生的影响,并将实验压降值与均相流模型和分相流模型的预测值进行了对比,结果表明:在低压降区域,均相流模型预测值与实验值符合较好....     

小通道内两相流摩擦压降的实验研究

以氮气作为气相流体,分别采用纯水和乙醇为液相流体,对水平矩形小通道(dh=1.2 mm)内的两相流压力降开展实验研究,同时采集了两相流压降数据,采用高速摄影仪对两相流流型进行了拍摄.根据流型解释了表面张力对摩擦压降的影响,并将均相流模型和分相流模型的预测结果与实验值进行了对比.得出如下结论:在较低折算流速下,均相流模型...     

水平长直管内油水两相流流动特性实验研究

The flow patterns and their transitions of oil-water two-phase flow in horizontal pipes were studied. The experiments were conducted in two kinds of horizontal tubes, made of plexiglas pipe and stainless steel pipe with 40 mm ID respectively. No. 46 mechanical oil and tap water were used as working fluids. The superflcial velocity ranges of oil and water were: 0.04-1.2m·s-1 and 0.04-2.2m·s-1, respectively. The flow patterns were identified by visualization and by transient fluctuation signals of differential pressure drop. The flow patterns were defined according to the relative distribution of oil and water phases in the pipes. Flow pattern maps were obtained for both pipelines. In addition, semi-theoretical transition criteria for the flow patterns were proposed, and the proposed transitional criteria are in reasonable agreement with available data in liquid-liquid systems.     

SMV静态混合器内气液两相流压降的研究

以气-液两相流动的均相流模型为前提,运用流体力学计算软件对SMV静态混合器中的气液两相流的压力场进行模拟计算,分析其压降的规律,并与水平直圆管内压降和混合器内单液相流压降做了对比分析.结果表明:气液两相流流经SMV混合器的沿程压降及局部压降均随着雷诺数的增大呈现明显增大趋势,且管路总压降与元件数成正比;静态混合器两相流...     

气液两相流水平绕流柱体的动态压降特性

压降是气液两相流绕流柱体时包含丰富流动信息的重要参数,对于压降的研究密切关系到两相流动系统的设计和运行.以空气和水为实验介质在泡状流、塞状流、弹状流和环状流四种流型下,研究了气液两相流水平绕流梯形柱体的动态压降特性.结果表明:泡状流和塞状流的动态压降有较稳定的波动,其时均值主要取决于液相流量;弹状流的动态压降变化剧烈,其时均值随两相雷诺数的分布比较均匀;环状流的动态压降变化比较平缓,其时均值随两相雷诺数的增加呈近似线性递增;在四种不同流型下,时均动态压降系数随两相雷诺数的增加都呈线性递减.这一结果为分析气液两相流绕流柱体的流动特性提供了有益的借鉴.     

倾斜内螺纹管中亚临界及超临界水传热特性研究

为探究超（超）临界锅炉机组内螺纹管水冷壁的传热特性,在倾角5°~90°的?35 mm×7.75 mm倾斜上升内螺纹管中进行了实验研究,实验参数为压力15~28 MPa,质量流速600~1000 kg?m^-2?s^-1,热通量300~500 kW?m^-2。实验对比了内螺纹管与?25 mm×3 mm光管的壁温特性;讨论了倾斜角度、质量流速和压力的变化对内螺纹管中亚临界、近临界和超临界水传热的影响;拟合了不同倾斜角度下超临界水的传热关联式。结果表明：所用内螺纹管有明显的推迟传热恶化、强化传热的性能;不同倾斜角度的内螺纹管传热特性存在差异;亚临界压力下质量流速对气液两相区传热系数影响很小,近临界和超临界压力下,随质量流速的增加,整体上传热系数增大;压力为15 MPa时的传热系数最大。超临界压力下,随压力的增大,大比热容区的传热系数减小。     

水平渐变管内油水两相流模拟研究

为优化油气集输管道局部管道结构,采用计算流体力学软件对水平渐变管内油水两相流进行数值模拟,对比不同含水率、不同入口流速条件下两相流流型,分析油水两相流在管道内的压力分布规律。结果表明,渐变管内油水两相流流型为水包油流型,管壁主要为油相润湿;渐缩管压力随流向位移持续下降,渐扩管先下降后上升再下降;整体压降速率与含水率成反比,与入口流速成正比。研究结果可以为优化稠油集输管网管道结构、降低管道流动能耗等油水混输问题提供参考。     

气液两相流在文丘里管内的流动压降特性研究

本文选用数值模拟方法对文丘里管内气相与液相的混合流体的流动进行模拟。选取收缩管段的四个截面来分析文丘里管的压强变化情况,得到文丘里管内的气液两相混合流体的流场分布以及流量、气液比、收缩管长对压降的影响。     

Influence of Surface Roughness on Pressure Drop in Two-Phase Flow of Saturated Hydrocarbons

Pressure drop of propane and propylene in gas-liquid saturation state are investigated for copper and mild steel test tubes. The surface structure of both tubes is determined with the focus variation method, yielding a six times higher roughness for the steel tube, although both tubes are manufactured in the same manner. In both tubes single phase pressure drop validation measurements are carried out and compared to known correlations. For two-phase investigations both fluids are investigated at the reduced saturation pressure for three different mass fluxes. The vapor quality is varied.     

水平管中油水两相流动研究进展

综述了国内外有关水平管线中油水两相流动过程中的流型、反相以及压降计算等方面的研究成果,同时指出了研究中所存在的问题和研究方向,为进一步开展油水两相输送的研究提供参考。     

Pressure Drop in Liquid‐liquid Two Phase Horizontal Flow: Experiment and Prediction

The present study is aimed at an investigation of the pressure drop characteristics during the simultaneous flow of a kerosene‐water mixture through a horizontal pipe of 0.025 m diameter. Measurements of pressure gradient were made for different combinations of phase superficial velocities ranging from 0.03–2 m/s such that the regimes encountered were smooth stratified, wavy stratified, three layer flow, plug flow and oil dispersed in water, and water flow patterns. A model was developed, which considered the energy minimization and pressure equalization of both phases.     

An Analysis of Pressure Drop and Holdup for Liquid‐Liquid Upflow through Vertical Pipes

The present study has attempted to investigate pressure drop and holdup during simultaneous flow of two liquids through a vertical pipe. The liquids selected were kerosene and water. The measurements were made for phase velocities varying from 0.05–1.2 m/s for both liquids. The pressure drop was measured with a differential pressure transducer while the quick closing valve (QCV) technique was adopted for the measurement of liquid holdup. The measured holdup and pressure drop were analyzed with suitable theoretical models according to the existing flow patterns. The analysis reveals that the homogeneous model is suitable for dispersed bubbly flow whereas bubbly and churn‐turbulent flow pattern is better predicted by the drift flux model. On the other hand, the two fluid flow model accurately predicts the pressure drop in core annular flow.     

水平管中油气水三相流动研究进展

对国内外油气水三相管流中的关键问题,如流型划分、油水反相以及水力计算(包括持液率和压降)等的研究成果进行综合评述,同时指出了研究中的问题所在和今后的研究方向。     

管壳式换热器内气液两相流冲刷管束的流型研究

本文对管壳式换热器中气液丙相流冲刷管束时的流型进行了试验研究。试验段采用管壳式换热器模型，其圆形外壳内的管束由４９根管子组成，并沿长度方向用３块折流板将管束分成４个冲刷流程。当气液两相冲刷管束时，分别观察垂直布置和水平布置时的流型及其转变，并对之进行了分析，得到该流型转变界限。     

Local Velocity and Concentration of the Single Components in Water/Oil Mixtures Monitored by Means of MRI Flow Experiments in Steady Tube Flow

In this paper the spatially resolved determination of velocities in two‐phase systems consisting of water and oil by means of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging (MRI) techniques is described and applied to steady tube flows with regard to the total flow rate. As MRI offers the possibility to study the flow of multiphase materials spatially resolved with various forms of contrast, even optically opaque water/oil mixtures can be studied in the interior of the material. Besides snapshot images of the actual flow pattern also local velocity and concentration fields of both phases can be obtained separately. The insight into the inner micro flow processes and microstructure allows to characterize fluid mixtures or emulsions. Flow rate and preparation/mixing method were varied in order to realize changes of the flow pattern and the structure of the mixture during flow. Physical models of the flow behavior and physical stability of these complex systems can be based upon this information.     

Pressure Drop Models for Gas/Non‐Newtonian Power‐Law Fluids Flow in Horizontal Pipes

Models commonly used in literature are evaluated versus 696 data points to predict the pressure drop of gas/non‐Newtonian power‐law fluids flow in horizontal pipes. Suitable models are recommended. A new correlation is developed by ignoring the pressure drop across the gas slug and adopting the liquid slug holdup of gas/non‐Newtonian fluid flow into the homogeneous model. The theoretical curves can capture the test data trends and the overall agreement of predicted values with experimental data is sufficient to be practically applied in industry.     

立式螺旋管气液两相流摩擦阻力特性研究

分别以油 气、气 水为工质,对立式螺旋管内气液两相流的摩擦阻力特性进行实验研究。实验用螺旋管完全由内径为３９ｍｍ的有机玻璃管弯制而成,其螺旋直径２６５ｍｍ,全长４４９０ｍｍ。在对实验结果和前人有关研究进行分析的基础上,给出了两种流动条件下摩擦阻力的计算公式,并与实验结果进行了比较,两种流动条件下,预测值与实验数据的最大偏差分别在３０％和２０％之内。     

SPH方法在剪切流液滴运动规律研究中的应用

阐述了SPH(Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics)方法的理论基础和计算方法,应用该方法编写程序计算了液滴在剪切流中的运动规律。通过激波和Poiseuille流动这两个验证算例的计算发现,SPH方法能很好地应用于流体运动规律的计算模拟。另外,还对不同的核函数的计算结果进行了比较,分析了影响计算精度的因素,在此基础上,计算模拟了剪切流中单液滴的运动行为,包括变形、破裂行为。