70 t 电弧炉炼钢集束射流氧枪流场的数值模拟及应用

用CFX5.7.1 软件对电弧炉炼钢用集束射流氧枪和普通氧枪的射流特征进行了数值模拟和冷态试验。结果表明,集束射流氧枪比普通超音速氧枪射流长,射流集中、衰减慢。在鄂钢70 t Consteel电弧炉 上应用表明,使用集束氧枪后平均电耗由338 kWh/t降低到219 kWh/t,电极消耗未变,为1.86 kg/t,氧耗由 51.6 m³/t提高到60.3 m³/t。     

130 t直流电弧炉喷吹过程的优化模拟

在当今经济健康发展的背景下,电弧炉炼钢凭借其污染小、流程短和产品多样的特点,已逐渐成为各大钢铁企业大力发展的对象,在整个钢铁生产的地位比以往的每个时候都要重要,而电弧炉熔池的流动状态会直接影响电弧炉的冶炼效果,这主要与氧枪喷吹强度和布置方式有关.为研究不同工况条件下电弧炉流场的变化,为大型电弧炉选取最合适的工艺参数,以...     

自摆动喷枪喷吹石灰石粉脱磷的水模拟

 为了探究自摆动喷枪喷吹石灰石脱磷的可行性，建立了自摆动喷枪喷吹石灰石粉脱磷的冷态模型，用水模拟铁水，PMMA粉模拟石灰石粉，真空泵油模拟炉渣，压缩空气模拟氧气，研究了喷头马赫数、喷孔夹角、枪位、供料速度和石灰石粉粒度对熔池内传输动力学条件的影响。结果表明，拉瓦尔喷头可以用于石灰石粉喷吹，但是马赫数不宜太大，最佳马赫数为1.8；熔池内传输的动力学条件随喷孔夹角的增大逐渐改善，但喷孔夹角过大会导致穿透比急剧减小和喷溅程度急剧恶化，最佳喷孔夹角为25°；试验喷枪最佳操作参数为，枪位200 mm，供料速度1.8 kg/min，石灰石粉粒度0.164 mm。     

电弧炉炼钢用氧枪

电弧炉炼钢用氧枪分为吹氧助熔用氧枪 (氧燃喷枪 )和吹氧烧碳用氧枪两类。氧燃喷枪又分氧—油喷枪、氧—天然气喷枪和氧—煤喷枪 ;吹氧烧碳用氧枪又分为分体式水冷氧枪、复合式水冷氧枪。详细介绍了各类氧枪的结构及安装方式。     

电弧炉炼钢集束射流氧枪的射流特征

对电弧炉炼钢用集束射流氧枪的射流特性进行了冷态和热态试验。50tUHP EAF的工业试验表明，使用集束射流氧枪可降低电耗20kWh/t，降低氧耗15％,提高生产作业率5％，降低吨钢成本10元。     

宝钢150 t超高功率直流电弧炉炼钢自动化实践

宝钢150t超高功率直流电弧炉在电极升降控制和整流器控制系统改造以及增设多功能氧枪改造中, 采用了专家系统与模糊逻辑控制等智能控制技术,实现了电弧炉供电、吹氧、喷碳与辅料添加等的全自动优化操作,即实现了电弧炉的全自动炼钢。     

炉壁集束碳氧枪在电炉中的应用

介绍了鄂钢电炉厂70t consteel 电炉使用炉壁集束碳氧枪后对经济指标的改善,以及在生产实践中的冶金效果.     

Effectiveness of dispersing the blow to speed up the steelmaking operation

Various methods of injecting steelmaking baths with oxidizing and neutral gases through the bottom of hearth-type furnaces have come into wider use abroad in recent years. Having decided that potential problems with the durability of the lances would preclude the injection of oxygen through the bottom of its arc steelmaking furnaces, the Moldavian Metallurgical Plant (MMZ) decided to install lances in the side of the furnace and inject oxygen deep into the bath. The gas-oxygen lances were installed in the shell of the furnace 300–500 mm below the surface of the bath. Placing the cermet lances in the shell satisfies operating requirments, makes it easier to service the lances, and allows them to be repaired or replaced in the working regime. The requirements that must be met for high-rate steel production are best satisfied with the use of refractories made by the company RHI AG. Results obtained in the course of the above-mentioned project were used to construct an algorithm that optimizes the relationship between the depth of immersion of the lance in the melt and the direction of the lance relative to the surface of the bottom of the furnace. Innovations such as these, developed by the MMZ in collaboration with the company TECHCOM Import Export to intensify steelmaking operations, are now in use on the arc furnaces at the MMZ’s ISTIL plant.     

转炉供氧参数对喷溅的影响

 通过水模实验测量了氧枪喷头参数及供氧条件对喷溅率的影响。试验结果加深了对氧射流与熔池作用的认识,为氧枪喷头设计及制定供氧制度提供了依据。多孔喷头射流对熔池的作用是各单孔喷头叠加的结果。为获得良好的冶金效果,要把氧枪喷头参数和供氧制度都控制在合理范围。     

提高转炉氧枪使用寿命研究

本文研究了喷头变形、喷头漏水和氧枪枪身粘钢对氧枪使用寿命的影响,并且对产生这三种因素的具体原因进行了分析。结果表明通过采取优化喷头相关参数,建立“低温低硅、中温中硅、高温高硅、低温高硅、高温低硅、高生铁块比和高铁水比”七种操作模式等措施,使得氧枪寿命提高了141炉,钢铁料消耗降低了4Kg/t钢,喷溅渣数量降低了3Kg/t钢,氧气消耗降低了1.9m3/t钢,石灰消耗降低了5Kg/t钢,转炉脱磷率提高了8%,转炉脱硫率提高了4%。     

转炉氧枪喷头的优化设计与应用

介绍了转炉氧枪喷头设计中几个重要参数的选取与优化。结合氧枪喷头在生产实际中的使用情况，总结出氧枪喷头在设计制造及使用中的最佳操作原则，为氧枪设计者及炼钢厂使用氧枪提供了可靠依据。     

Experimental determination of the jet effect for blowing oxygen into the melting bath of electric arc furnaces

Recent practice with electric arc furnaces has been the injection of oxygen through nozzle positioned on the bottom of the furnace. This type of furnace places certain requirements on bottom injection. To enable a constant coupling of the energy over the electrodes, a calm bath surface must be guaranteed. On the other hand, a good mixing of the bath is required to avoid any thermal lamination in the bath. The latter condition in particular is prerequisite for a maximum melting capacity. When judging the effect of the jet on the bath, it must be taken into account that the oxygen disintegrates directly after entering the bath and merely transfers its impulse to the liquid melt. This jet effect is described by the calculation method introduced below which is adjusted to the actual behaviour using simulation tests. In this connection, changes in the jet consistency caused by the formation of carbon monoxide have not yet been considered. Parallel to this, the mixing of the bath was determined by conductivity measurements. In these experiments, the bath level x_f, the vessel diameter D and the blown-in water mass-flux m_w were changed. A comparison of the results for fountain height and mixing time formed the basis for the development of an optimization concept for bottom-blowing nozzles in electric arc furnaces.     

电弧炉高效多位SGOB用氧技术改造

介绍了石钢电弧炉高效多位SGOB用氧技术改造,利用炉壁氧枪实现二次燃烧,极大地提高了二次燃烧率,吨钢电耗降低50kW·h,生产效率提高约15％。     

漩流氧枪转炉炼钢熔体的喷溅行为

 转炉冶炼过程金属熔体的喷溅对于转炉反应器的性能有重要影响。氧枪作为氧气射流的产生及控制单元,决定了转炉吹炼过程熔体的喷溅行为。通过水模型试验,研究了漩流氧枪转炉冶炼过程熔体的喷溅,考察了氧枪喷孔扭转角设计及操作参数下熔体喷溅速率和喷溅的空间分布规律,基于此,分析了漩流氧枪对转炉反应器性能的影响。结果表明,相比于传统氧枪吹炼,漩流氧枪吹炼时熔体喷溅速率降低,喷溅高度下降,喷溅在径向空间分布趋于均匀,且随着喷孔扭转角的增大,该分布规律变化更为显著,扭转角大于20°时,喷溅到炉口及炉外的熔体降为零。漩流氧枪吹炼时,喷溅速率及喷溅量在不同径向和高度位置处分布随着顶吹气量的增大而增大,受枪位的影响规律与扭转角有关。     

天津钢管公司150t超高功率电弧炉炼钢工艺技术的进展

天津钢管公司 1 0年来通过炉料结构的改善、泡沫渣、供电和电极调节人工智能的应用 ,超音速氧枪和二次燃烧、炉顶喷吹等冶炼工艺技术的进展 ,使 1 5 0t超高功率电弧炉的冶炼时间≤ 65min,年钢产量超过 90万t,电耗 4 0 2kWh t,电极消耗 1 .4kg t,炉壳寿命 >5 0 0次     

EAF Process Monitoring at OneSteel's Sydney Steel Mill

Monitoring was conducted at OneSteel's Sydney Steel Mill electric arc furnace to study the effect of hot briquetted iron (HBI) upon furnace performance. Results from this study have been previously published by Trotter [1]. These studies were then continued for zero HBI operation to investigate the effects of a new, more reliable coke injection system into the slag and the change from two consumable oxygen pipes to a water‐cooled oxygen lance and the installation of a spray‐cooled roof. The investigations were comprised of an energy balance across the furnace, foaming slag investigations with regard to thermal efficiency and acoustic noise, effect of equipment modifications on the primary fume analysis, harmonic measurement for slag foam indicator, triboelectric system for measuring off‐gas dust loading. Each of these investigations is detailed in this report.     

60t电弧炉冶炼GCr15轴承钢终点碳精确控制工艺实践

分析了石钢60t电弧炉超音速集速氧枪在冶炼GCr15轴承钢过程中存在的工艺技术问题,通过改进电弧炉高碳低氧出钢操作、终点碳精确控制等工艺,按照出钢时钢中碳含量的要求,根据入炉废钢和铁水成分,控制超音速集速氧枪的吹炼参数,合理使用炉门氧枪和采用相应的炉渣碱度,使热装铁水比在35%-45%、电弧炉终点[C]≥0.12%的炉次比≥93%,轴承钢的氧含量从的9×10 ^-6降低到6.7×10^-6。     

50 t转炉四孔变角氧枪射流融合距离的数值模拟

采用Fluent软件模拟了50 t转炉四孔变角和非变角氧枪气体射流,研究了喷孔倾角对氧气射流流场和流股融合距离的影响。结果表明,在距喷头出口距离较近时,各流股独立为自由射流,随着距喷头出口距离的增加,各流股不断扩张,并在一定距离时融合成单股射流;非变角喷头A的流股融合距离为1.3 m,与冷态水模实验得出枪位1.3 m时炉口溅出量最大是一致的;变角氧枪B至I的对角喷孔倾角不同,射流流股融合了两次,大大降低了炉口溅出量;变角氧枪对角喷孔倾角相差0.5°较对角喷孔倾角相差1°时更有利于射流融合距离的增加;在研究喷孔倾角10.5°~11.5°/12.5°的9个喷头中,倾角11°/11.5°的喷头H射流融合距离最长,其理论炉口喷溅量最少。     

电弧炉直接用煤氧的节能技术

本文叙述了电弧炉炼钢直接用煤氧技术,总结了煤气枪助熔技术、K-ES电炉新工艺和喷煤氧造泡沫渣操作工艺。结合长期从事煤氧枪研究的经验,从理论上分析了“煤氧电炉”的可行性,并阐明了煤氧推广的意义和煤氧炼钢的发展前景。     

菲尔普斯道奇迈阿密公司铜冶炼厂艾萨炉的操作

在菲尔普斯道奇迈阿密铜冶炼厂 ,艾萨炉是初炼装置 ,向电沉淀炉提供冰铜和炉渣的混合物。艾萨技术包括通过喷枪向熔池喷吹一定量的空气和氧气 ,同时向熔池内加入精矿、熔剂和返料。炉内物理和化学状况和综合熔炼效率在很大程度上取决于喷枪的性能。冶炼厂最近的研究表明提高喷枪的利用率给艾萨炉产量带来显著的影响。本文分析了喷枪故障并对影响艾萨炉性能的因素做一般介绍。