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一种新的数控机床热误差实时补偿方法 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
根据数控机床加工热误差,首先,利用粗集理论方法,分析各变量与热误差之间的相关性,选择出机床热误差补偿的重要特征参数。然后提出一种动态反馈网络建立数控机床加工热误差补偿模型,新的数控机床热误差实时补偿方法具有补偿误差精度高,网络学习收敛速度快,误差补偿实时性好等特点。仿真实验结果证明了该方法的可行性和有效性。 相似文献
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为研究数控机床热变形规律,实现数控机床误差在机实时补偿,进行数控机床主轴热变形理论及试验分析,结果表明,数控机床主轴热变形与主轴温变在距热源约1/3位置存在近似线性关系,即主轴热变形存在伪滞后现象,这一结果为数控机床测温点优化布置及热误差鲁棒建模提供理论依据。为验证机床热变形伪滞后现象,对VM850加工中心主轴热漂移误差在机实时检测并建模,通过自主研发数控机床误差在线实时补偿系统对主轴热漂移误差进行实时补偿,经补偿,机床主轴热漂移误差减少90%以上,有效提高了数控机床主轴精度。 相似文献
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基于遗传算法优化小波神经网络数控机床热误差建模 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
数控机床的热误差已经成为影响其加工精度的一个关键因素,为最大限度提高数控机床热误差补偿的精度和效率,结合遗传算法自适应全局优化搜索能力和小波神经网络良好的时频局部特性的优点,提出一种基于遗传算法优化小波神经网络的机床热误差补偿模型。以某型号五轴摆动卧式加工中心为试验对象,以机床温度变量和热误差为数据输入样本,建立小波神经网络模型热误差预测模型,然后用遗传算法优化小波神经网络权值、阈值,最终建立热误差预测模型。通过与传统人工神经网络和普通小波神经网络进行对比分析及试验论证表明,该补偿模型具有精度高、抗扰动能力和鲁棒性强等优点,有望在实际加工场合的数控机床的热误差预测和补偿研究中得到更大的推广应用。 相似文献
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为提高数控机床热误差补偿模型在实际工程应用中的补偿精度和稳健性,研究了热误差补偿建模时机床最佳转速状态的选择方法。首先,以Leaderway V-450数控加工中心主轴Z向为研究对象,控制机床主轴在空转状态下,以图谱和恒定转速两种方式进行了多批次实验。然后,采用模糊聚类结合灰色关联度选择温度敏感点并建立多元线性回归模型。最后,分析不同转速类型下模型的预测效果并对同种转速类型下模型预测效果进行相对评价,从而给出热误差补偿建模时机床最佳转速状态的选择方法。实验结果表明,根据国际标准中不同主轴转速类型建立的热误差补偿模型,对于机床热误差预测效果存在较大差异。根据实际工程应用选择的最佳转速状态建立的补偿模型有较好的预测效果。 相似文献
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数控机床热误差的动态自适应加权最小二乘支持矢量机建模方法 总被引:9,自引:2,他引:9
为消除数控机床热误差对加工精度的影响,提出基于动态自适应加权最小二乘支持矢量机的数控机床热误差建模方法.为构建机床热误差模型,对一台XK713数控铣床进行建模试验,采用智能温度传感器与激光位移传感器分别获取机床温度值与主轴变形量.运用动态自适应算法,优化选择建模过程中的参数;对采样数据进行初始最小二乘支持矢量机建模,根据误差变量确定权重系数,得到基于加权最小二乘支持矢量机的数控铣床热误差模型.试验结果表明,基于动态自适应最小二乘支持矢量机的数控机床热误差建模方法精度高,泛化能力强,优于未加权最小二乘支持矢量机方法与传统最小二乘法.获得的模型可用于数控机床热误差补偿,以提高数控机床的加工精度. 相似文献
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Qianjian Guo Jianguo Yang Hao Wu 《The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology》2010,50(5-8):667-675
Thermal errors are the major contributor to the dimensional errors of a workpiece in precision machining. Error compensation technique is a cost-effective way to reduce thermal errors. Accurate modeling of errors is a prerequisite of error compensation. In this paper, four key temperature points of a NC machine tool were obtained based on clustering method. A thermal error model based on the four key temperature points was proposed by using ant colony algorithm-based back propagation neural network (ACO-BPN). The ACO-BPN method improves the prediction accuracy of thermal deformation in the NC machine tool. A thermal error compensation system was developed based on the proposed model, and which has been applied to the NC machine tool in daily production. The results show that the thermal drift in workpiece diameter has been reduced from 33 to 8 μm from its center of tolerance. 相似文献
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众所周知对于超精密机床而言,热误差是影响数控机床加工精度的重要因素之一,可达机床加工精度总误差的70%。因此减少热误差对数控机床的影响至关重要。要提高加工精度,减少热误差,就必须对其进行有效的补偿。以GM2000A龙门加工中心为对象介绍了热误差的测量方法,采用灰色系统理论中的灰色关联分析法建立测温点和热误差之间的相关程度达到优化测温点的目的,使输入数据更趋于合理。最后用BP神经网络建立温升和机床热误差之间的数学模型,MATLAB仿真实验结果表明了补偿效果的可行性。 相似文献
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基于LS-SVM与遗传算法的数控机床热误差辨识温度传感器优化策略 总被引:5,自引:3,他引:2
提出一种在数控机床热误差辨识建模过程中,利用最小二乘支持向量机结合遗传算法对温度传感器进行筛选与优化的新方法。对布置在一台数控车床上的温度传感器进行了优化,首先根据热模态理论,对传感器进行分组,利用最小二乘支持向量机方法构建数控机床热误差辨识模型,再根据遗传算法对其进行传感器优化布置。结果表明,遗传算法与最小二乘支持向量机方法的结合,不但很好地避免温度测点的相互影响,保证模型精度,而且节约了硬件成本,提高了辨识建模速度。 相似文献
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GUO Qianjian FAN Shuo XU Rufeng CHENG Xiang ZHAO Guoyong YANG Jianguo 《机械工程学报(英文版)》2017,30(3):746-753
Aiming at the problem of low machining accuracy and uncontrollable thermal errors of NC machine tools, spindle thermal error measurement, modeling and compensation of a two turntable five-axis machine tool are researched. Measurement experiment of heat sources and thermal errors are carried out, and GRA(grey relational analysis) method is introduced into the selection of temperature variables used for thermal error modeling. In order to analyze the influence of different heat sources on spindle thermal errors, an ANN(artificial neural network) model is presented, and ABC(artificial bee colony) algorithm is introduced to train the link weights of ANN, a new ABCNN(Artificial bee colony-based neural network) modeling method is proposed and used in the prediction of spindle thermal errors. In order to test the prediction performance of ABC-NN model, an experiment system is developed, the prediction results of LSR(least squares regression), ANN and ABC-NN are compared with the measurement results of spindle thermal errors. Experiment results show that the prediction accuracy of ABC-NN model is higher than LSR and ANN, and the residual error is smaller than 3 lm, the new modeling method is feasible. The proposed research provides instruction to compensate thermal errors and improve machining accuracy of NC machine tools. 相似文献
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Application of synthetic grey correlation theory on thermal point optimization for machine tool thermal error compensation 总被引:6,自引:6,他引:0
J. Y. Yan J. G. Yang 《The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology》2009,43(11-12):1124-1132
This paper presents two new methods to optimize the selection of minimum number of thermal sensors for machine tool thermal error compensation. The two methods, namely, direct criterion method and indirect grouping method, are based on the synthetic grey correlation theory. They are applied to analyze the data of an air cutting experiment on a CNC turning center. After optimization, the number of thermal points reduced from 16 to four. Thus, for machine tool thermal error modeling, the number of temperature variables is greatly reduced while coupling problems among temperature variables can be avoided. A real cutting experiment is then conducted to verify the efficiency of the presented optimization methods under practical manufacturing conditions. The comparison of the results between the model with all 16 thermal sensors and the model with four optimized thermal sensors indicates that, after optimization, the model accuracy is greatly improved. 相似文献
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针对机床热误差补偿技术中温度测点优化选择的问题,提出采用基于灰色关联分析和模糊聚类分析相结合的方法对机床温度测点进行优化选择。采用灰色关联分析法计算温度变量与主轴热误差之间的相关系数,并据此优选温度变量,采用模糊聚类分析法对所选择的温度变量进行聚类,确定关键温度变量,结合关键温度变量建立热误差线性回归模型。在精密卧式加工中心MCH63上对该方法进行了试验验证,结果表明,温度测点的数量由29个减少到6个,机床轴向热误差由41.3μm减小到7.6μm。 相似文献