双醛低聚异麦芽糖交联脱细胞猪真皮基质的研究

采用新型交联剂氧化低聚异麦芽糖(IMODA)交联脱细胞猪真皮基质(pADM),优化最佳交联条件,考察了交联材料(IMODA-pADM)的收缩温度、改性指数、傅里叶红外光谱、机械性能、亲水性、吸湿性、表面形貌、耐酶解性能及细胞相容性。结果显示,交联材料的收缩温度随IMODA的用量、反应温度、反应时间的增加而先增大后趋于稳定,随pH值的增加而先增大后减小。交联最优条件为,反应温度37℃、用量16%、反应时间18h、pH值为9.4;随用量增大,交联材料改性指数增大,物理机械性能提高,亲水性与吸湿性略有降低,耐酶解性能大幅提高;交联后材料更为紧实,材料表面有利于细胞粘附生长,细胞形态良好,细胞毒性为0-Ⅰ级。     

乙醇介质中乙二醇缩水甘油醚交联脱细胞猪真皮基质的研究

在乙醇介质中使用乙二醇缩水甘油醚(EGDE)交联脱细胞猪真皮基质(pADM),优化了最佳交联条件;考察了交联pADM(EGDE-pADM)的改性指数、傅里叶红外光谱、机械性能、亲水性、扫描电镜及细胞相容性;通过对pADM与皮粉进行封闭氨基及封闭羧基来初步探索EGDE与pADM的相互作用。研究结果表明,交联得到的EGDE-pADM的收缩温度随用量、温度、时间的增加而先增大后逐渐趋于稳定;交联最优条件为温度37℃、用量16%、反应时间48h。在最优条件下得到的交联材料物理机械性能与亲水性得到提高,细胞毒性为Ⅰ级,形态较优,材料表面有利于细胞粘附生长。相互作用的研究表明,乙醇介质中EGDE主要与pADM上的氨基发生交联反应,也能与其它活性基团发生反应。     

交联透明质酸钠支架材料制备工艺优化及其体外抗酶降解性研究

以透明质酸钠浓度、交联剂投入量、反应温度、溶胀时间作为考察因素,抗酶系数作为评价指标,采用L9(34)正交设计表优化交联透明质酸钠支架材料制备工艺参数并建立支架的体外抗酶降解性测定方法。正交试验结果经直观和方差分析显示,透明质酸钠浓度、交联剂投入量具有显著性影响,在透明质酸钠浓度为5%,交联剂投入量为5%,反应温度40℃和溶胀时间4h的条件下,可以制得体外抗酶降解性较强的交联透明质酸钠支架材料,其可作为一种细胞支架用于软骨组织工程研究。     

京尼平交联脱细胞猪真皮基质材料的研究

分别采用0、2%、4%、8%、16%(质量分数)的京尼平(GP)交联脱细胞猪真皮基质(pADM),检测交联后材料(GP-pADM)的基本性能。研究结果表明,随着交联剂GP用量的增加,材料的收缩温度逐渐提高,抗张强度降低;电镜扫描图显示交联后材料的孔隙有缩小的趋势,并导致了吸附水率、吸湿率和溶胀率的逐渐下降;红外图谱表明交联后材料中含有共轭双键;细胞毒性试验显示,GP-pADM细胞毒性为0级,急性经口毒性实验未见明显急性毒性。     

丙三醇缩水甘油醚改性脱细胞猪真皮基质的研究

研究了丙三醇缩水甘油醚（GPE）改性脱细胞猪真皮基质材料（pADM）的基本性能．通过考察不同温度、pH值、用量和反应时间对改性材料（GPE-pADM）性能的影响，初步探讨了改性条件与改性材料性能之间的关系．实验结果表明：反应温度37～42℃，pH值10．0～10．5，反应时间48-72h，用量8％时综合性能较好．交联后材料的接触角明显降低，且随着GPE用量的增加，接触角降低程度增大，表明交联提高了材料的亲水性能．     

双马来酰亚胺交联单分散聚苯乙烯微球的制备及表征

采用分散聚合法,以苯乙烯为单体,二苯甲烷双马来酰亚胺(BDM)为交联剂,制备了单分散交联聚苯乙烯微球(St/BDM)。研究了分散聚合反应中单体(St)、引发剂(AIBN)、分散剂(PVP)、交联剂(BDM)用量对微球粒径和粒径分布的影响。通过优化反应条件,合成了平均粒径为3.03μm(ε=0.05)的单分散交联聚苯乙烯微球。热稳定性分析和耐溶剂性实验结果表明,二苯甲烷双马来酰亚胺(BDM)交联的聚苯乙烯微球热稳定性和耐溶剂性能比线性的聚苯乙烯微球有了很大的提高。当失重5%时,聚合物的热分解温度由交联前的306℃上升到交联后的328℃。     

碳化二亚胺改性胶原纤维支架材料的特性表征

用碳化二亚胺(EDC)对胶原纤维支架材料(CFSM)进行改性,评价了改性前后的胶原纤维支架材料的理化及生物降解性能.结果表明:胶原的羧基与EDC的氨基发生了酰胺化反应,且EDC改性未破坏胶原的三股螺旋结构.随着EDC用量增加,EDC-CFSM的热变性温度升高明显,耐降解性显著提高.用浓度为14mmol/L的EDC改性得到的EDC-CFSM表现出较优的生物学性能,其热变性温度达96.7℃,耐降解性最优,孔隙率为80.91%,孔径约为70～180μm.     

HRP引发酚类与淀粉接枝共聚物的制备及结构性能表征

降解淀粉和酚类在辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)/H2O2的催化作用下进行自由基接枝共聚反应,制备了淀粉和酚类接枝共聚物。研究了淀粉降解程度、酚类单体配比、HRP用量、反应温度和pH对接枝改性淀粉结构与性能的影响。研究结果表明,用α-淀粉酶降解后的淀粉15与12g间苯三酚(PG)和20g对羟基苯磺酸钠(HBS)在5mg HRP/H2O2引发体系下,在30℃及pH值为7.0时反应5h制备的酚类与淀粉接枝共聚物具有较好的性能,其水溶液的表面张力为26.6mN/m,所鞣制皮革收缩温度(Ts)达到了78℃。用FT-IR、1 H NMR、UV-Vis和GPC等方法对产物的化学结构进行了表征。     

溴化工艺对溴化丁基橡胶溴含量及凝胶含量的影响

以胶乳法制备溴化丁基橡胶(BIIR),研究了溴化工艺(溴化剂用量、溴化温度和体系p H值)对BIIR产物溴含量及凝胶含量的影响,并考察了产物的溶解性能。结果表明,丁基胶乳中丁基橡胶(IIR)分子链在少量溴化剂存在时就可以发生交联,溴化产物溴含量均在3%以下。溴化剂用量2.5 m L、溴化温度50℃、p H值为7时BIIR溴含量和凝胶含量分别为2.66%和54.6%。BIIR在有机溶剂中的溶解能力从大到小为:氯仿环己酮四氢呋喃苯酚丙酮甲苯;在同一溶剂中BIIR溶解性能则随着溴含量的增加而增大。     

溴化工艺对溴化丁基橡胶溴含量及凝胶含量的影响EI北大核心CSCD

以胶乳法制备溴化丁基橡胶(BIIR),研究了溴化工艺(溴化剂用量、溴化温度和体系p H值)对BIIR产物溴含量及凝胶含量的影响,并考察了产物的溶解性能。结果表明,丁基胶乳中丁基橡胶(IIR)分子链在少量溴化剂存在时就可以发生交联,溴化产物溴含量均在3%以下。溴化剂用量2.5 m L、溴化温度50℃、p H值为7时BIIR溴含量和凝胶含量分别为2.66%和54.6%。BIIR在有机溶剂中的溶解能力从大到小为:氯仿>环己酮>四氢呋喃>苯酚>丙酮>甲苯;在同一溶剂中BIIR溶解性能则随着溴含量的增加而增大。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.     

新闻(英文)

正China and Greece Sign the Standardization Cooperation Agreement Witnessed by Chinese Premier Li Keqiang and Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras,AQSIQ Minister Zhi Shuping and ELOT Chairman and Executive Director Angelos Tolkas signed the SAC-ELOT Standardization Cooperation Agreement.The Agreement is one of the critical cooperation documents signed during Li Keqiang’s visit in Greece,encouraging China and Greece to