现代分离分析技术课程教学方法研究与实践

现代分离分析技术课程是化学专业研究生的一门主干必修课程。课程组针对研究生生源结构和素质差异,调整了课程内容和教学方法,并构建了多元化评价方法。教学实践表明,这些举措显著提升了学生的科研素质和能力,提高了教学质量,实现了课程教学目标。     

单晶结构分析教学的新探索

单晶结构分析作为跨一级学科必修专业课,在我校化学学科研究生中开设。为提高该课程的教学质量,文章在单晶结构分析的教学实践中,探讨了如何把握课程主线、优化教学内容、突出教学重点,注重理论与实践教学相结合的新探索,旨在激发学生学习兴趣,强化学生独立思考及解决问题的能力,提高研究生分析晶体结构的能力,进而培养出具有高素质的复合型研究人才。     

“高等有机结构分析”研究生课程教学改革的探讨

研究生课程教学改革是提高研究生教学质量的基础,也是培养适应企业发展需要的高层次研究型创新人才的保证。“高等有机结构分析”是三峡大学材料与化工学院化学专业硕士研究生的课程。本文针对课程教学中存在的问题,探讨了“高等有机结构分析”的教学改革。首先,思教融合,坚持“思政课程”与“课程思政”同向同行,培养学生正确的价值观、人生观;其次,调整教学内容及教学方法,引入案例实例和辅助设计实验,为探究式教学奠定基础;第三,重视各类计算及视图软件的使用,与时俱进,知识立体化,提高学生的学习兴趣。     

基于创新能力培养的化学学科研究生课程设置改革探讨

课程教学作为研究生培养过程中的一个基本环节,对研究生创新能力的培养起着重要的作用,而课程设置在整个课程教学工作中起着非常重要的作用。笔者从课程设置改革的角度探讨化学学科研究生创新能力的培养,在分析当前中南林业科技大学化学学科研究生创新能力培养面临的挑战及课程设置中存在的主要问题的基础上,探讨了基于创新能力培养的化学学科研究生课程设置的改革措施。     

大数据背景下农林院校研究生化学信息基础课程教学改革探索与实践

为解决目前大数据背景下传统化学信息类课程教学中课堂教学与上机教学分离,学生学习与知识掌握脱节等问题,对现有研究生化学信息基础课程进行改革。通过小班特色教学,从教学方式、教学内容等方面进行课程改革,提高研究生文献信息获取能力和软件使用熟练程度,为培养具备在大数据背景下快速获取有效信息的研究生人才提供参考。     

催化化学线上线下混合式教学模式的构建与实践

针对物理化学及相关专业研究生课程催化化学知识点多、难度大,研究生创新及实践能力培养不足等问题,结合线上线下教学的优势,构建并实践了催化化学研究生课程线上线下混合式教学模式。根据线上线下学习的特点,对催化化学的教学内容进行了分类,并根据知识点的分类采用不同的教学模式。实践表明,混合式教学模式在提高催化化学课程质量、培养研究生创新及实践能力,并促使学生更好地理解掌握催化相关知识等方面取得良好效果。     

多媒体技术在结构化学教学改革中的应用

结构化学是化学专业一门必修的专业基础课程,因其理论性较强、内容抽象,一直被学生视为最难学的课程之一。根据结构化学的课程特点,结合教学实际,探讨了多媒体技术在结构化学各模块教学中的应用及优势。在教学过程中,切实提高了学生学习兴趣,达到较好的教学效果。     

专业硕士学位研究生绿色化工工艺课程教学内容改革的思考

绿色化工工艺是化学工程领域专业硕士学位研究生教学的重要课程之一,该课程综合了化学、物理、生物、材料、环境等学科的最新理论和技术,是一项具有明确社会需求以及科学目标的新型的交叉学科。本文根据"专业学位研究生培养"的总体要求,对绿色化工工艺的课程教学内容进行改革,使课程教学内容适应专业硕士学位研究生的培养目标,改革教学手段和评价考核方式,全方位调动学生学习的积极性和主动性。     

以培养学生创新意识为导向的结构化学课程改革

结构化学是化学类专业的核心课程。结合多年的结构化学课程教学改革经验,介绍了以培养学生创新意识为导向,结合探究-互动式教学理念应用于教学设计、化学软件辅助教学、将化学史融入课堂、设置课程论文等方法进行课程改革。实践经验表明,这些教学方法在提高学生的兴趣,以及培养学生的自主学习能力和创新意识上,取得了良好的效果。     

现代分析技术的化学计量学部分课程建设探讨

现代分析技术是化学专业研究生的一门课程。作为一门数据处理技术,化学计量学是分析化学专业研究生的一门必须课,并在现代分析技术课中进行介绍。基于研究生教学经验,文章探讨了现代分析技术的化学计量学部分的课程建设,包括教学内容分配和教学手段研究,例如双语教学。并通过科研能力培养,提高研究生的科研兴趣,加强研究独立性。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.