TC4钛合金不同表面预处理对化学镀Ni-P合金性能的影响

为了进一步弄清钛材表面不同预处理工艺对其后化学镀Ni-P合金层性能的影响,应用预浸镀镍、磷化、氟化物-磷酸盐化学转化及微弧氧化方法对TC4钛合金(Ti-6Al-4V)表面进行了预处理。采用综合测试及电化学测试技术,研究了TC4钛合金不同表面预处理对Ni-P合金化学镀层沉积速度、结合力、耐磨性及耐蚀性的影响。结果表明:TC4钛合金表面预浸镀镍和微弧氧化后,Ni-P合金化学镀层沉积速度较快,且与基体结合更好,至少能承受40 N载荷,但其表面的平整度比磷化和氟化物-磷酸盐化学转化后的差;预浸镀镍后的表面Ni-P合金镀层的耐蚀性最好,微弧氧化膜表面的Ni-P合金镀层耐磨性最好,摩擦系数减小至0.12;微弧氧化膜提高了基体表面的化学活性,同时增强了对Ni-P合金化学镀层具有类似"抛锚作用"的机械力,增强了其与基体的结合力。     

纯钛的熔盐渗硼

采用熔盐法(Na_2B_4O_7)对钛(TA2)表面进行渗硼实验。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱(EDS)、X射线衍射(XRD)、显微硬度测试等分析手段,研究TA2渗硼后的物相组成、组织形貌、显微硬度。结果表明:渗层由外表层的TiB——2和内表层晶须状的TiB组成。XRD分析表明,渗硼后钛试样表面生成硼钛化合物,随保温时间的延长,TiB峰位变强。EDS分析得出,B原子扩散后,被基体钛吸附,形成过渡层,导致过渡层中的Ti含量减少,而B含量明显升高。渗硼层显微硬度由外层至内层逐渐减小,变化范围约为23000MPa～7500MPa,高于TA2基体的硬度。     

阳极微弧等离子体扩渗表面处理技术的研究进展

阳极微弧等离子体扩渗是一项新颖的材料表面处理技术,其突出的表面处理优势使该技术极具发展潜力。结合现有的国内外研究理论和自身的试验经验,综述了对目前发展的阳极微弧等离子体扩渗技术的基本认识。从热特性、传质特性、电特性、电化学特性特等几个方面论述了阳极微弧等离子体扩渗过程的物理及化学特性,详细介绍了阳极微弧等离子体扩渗技术的研究现状,并展望了阳极微弧等离子体扩渗技术的研究和应用前景。     

钛合金化学镀镍-磷前后处理对镀层耐蚀性能的影响

为了提高TC4钛合金化学镀镍-磷层的耐腐蚀性能,对TC4基材化学镀前作微弧氧化处理和化学镀后作低温热处理,采用中性盐雾法研究了其腐蚀性能。结果表明:TC4钛合金表面微弧氧化、化学镀镍-磷后作再热处理,镀层的耐蚀性能最好,达8级;直接化学镀后再热处理镀层的耐腐蚀性为5级,不经热处理镀层的耐蚀性能最差,仅为1级;微弧氧化和低温热处理均能大大提高化学镀镍-磷层的耐腐蚀性能。     

9P-150型膨化机膨化头用12Ni马氏体时效钢渗硼硬度及耐腐蚀性研究

为了改善9P-150型膨化机膨化头的表面耐磨性和耐蚀性,以12Ni马氏体时效钢作为基体,利用固体渗硼和渗后热处理对其表面进行处理,并采用金相、XRD、显微硬度、拉伸、耐蚀性能等方法研究了渗硼及渗硼后热处理对12Ni马氏体时效钢渗硼层组织和性能的影响.结果 表明:渗硼后热处理未改变渗硼层的微观组织(依然为板条马氏体),但...     

TC4钛合金低压真空渗氮处理

为了改善表面性能,对TC4钛合金在不同温度下进行低压真空渗氮处理。采用扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射分析了渗氮层的组织结构,测试了渗氮层的显微硬度和耐磨性。结果表明,TC4钛合金经低压真空渗氮处理后,可获得由表层Ti N和次表层Ti2Al N组成的改性层。温度较低时,表面形成氮化物数量较少,渗层较薄,硬度较低。随温度升高,氮化物数量增多,渗层厚度增加,硬度及耐磨性也随之增加,温度达820℃时,表面硬度可达1000~1100 HV,硬化层深度为50~60μm。温度继续增加,氮化物聚集长大,渗氮层开始变得疏松,硬度及耐磨性下降。     

TC4钛合金低压真空氮化改性层的制备与性能

采用低压真空渗氮的方法,在TC4钛合金表面制备了与基体结合良好的改性层.通过金相观察、X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)分析了表面改性层的组织结构,并对改性层的显微硬度及耐磨性进了测试.结果表明:TC4钛合金经低压真空渗氮处理后,表面可获得由TiN和Ti2 AlN组成的氮化物改性层,组织均匀致密,氮化物颗粒细小,硬化层与基体结合良好,表面硬度为1100～1200HV,心部硬度为300～320HV,硬化层深度可达60～70μm,硬度梯度平缓,耐磨性优良.     

TA2熔盐电解法渗硼的研究现状及展望

钛及其合金作为21世纪重要的结构材料,具有抗腐蚀、熔点高、密度小、比强度高、无磁性及生物相容性等优点,但表面硬度低、耐磨性差、摩擦系数大,严重限制了其应用范围.熔盐电解法渗硼作为一种金属表面改性技术,具有成本低廉、效果明显等优点,可有效提高钛及其合金的表面硬度和耐磨性.综述了熔盐电解法渗硼的研究现状,从渗硼的工艺参数、机理、热力学和动力学方面进行了分析.综合双相硼化物(TiB和TiB2)渗层的生长动力学的研究结论,可以看出渗硼问题的核心就是活性B原子在固相的扩散,因此研究近相变温度下B原子的扩散行为对渗硼过程尤为重要.     

TC4钛合金阳极氧化着色膜不同电压下的耐腐蚀性能

采用阳极氧化着色处理可以有效地提高TC4钛合金的综合性能.以正交试验方法分析了氧化着色工艺参数对TC4钛合金阳极氧化膜的影响;利用扫描电镜(SEM)观察了氧化膜的形貌,使用X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析了氧化膜的物相,通过电化学试验对其耐腐蚀性进行了探讨.结果表明:TC4钛合金阳极氧化着色的最佳工艺条件为温度45℃,氧化时间20 s,电压20 V,酸腐蚀时间40 s;决定氧化膜颜色的主要因素是氧化电压,随着氧化电压的变化,膜的颜色出现了规律性变化;阳极氧化处理后TC4钛合金表面形成了一层均匀、多孔的氧化膜,成分为TiO2,且以金红石结构存在;阳极氧化着色处理可以改善TC4钛合金的耐腐蚀性能.     

45钢离子氮碳氧三元共渗与QPQ处理对比研究EI北大核心CSCD

盐浴复合(QPQ)技术为公认的能同时提高金属材料耐腐蚀性和耐磨性的表面改性技术,但其推广使用受到环保制约。为开发绿色高效表面改性技术,探索了离子氮碳氧三元共渗(PNCO)技术,并与QPQ技术改性效果进行了对比研究。选择45钢为原材料,分别采用PNCO技术和QPQ技术进行表面改性。利用光学显微镜及扫描电子显微镜、XRD、显微硬度计、摩擦磨损试验机、浸泡腐蚀实验对两种表面处理试样的截面显微组织、物相、表面及截面硬度、耐磨性和耐腐蚀性进行测试和分析。结果表明,在510℃×4 h工艺条件下,PNCO处理获得的化合物层厚度为20.14μm,有效硬化层厚度为59μm,截面最高硬度为760HV_(0.05),磨损率为1.39×10^(-3)g·N^(-1)·m^(-1),腐蚀失重率为0.39%。XRD结果分析表明,PNCO处理后渗层形成了Fe_(x)N化合物和以Fe_(3)O_(4)为主的氧化物相。PNCO和QPQ对比研究发现,两者表层硬度、耐磨性及耐腐蚀性均相近。本研究为绿色高效表面改性技术提供了可行的研究方向。     

电解液对ZL101铝合金微弧氧化膜层性能的影响

为了提高铸铝合金的使用寿命,在接触网ZL101A铸铝合金件上制备了微弧氧化膜层,并采用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、摩擦磨损试验、电化学试验等,研究了不同电解液对微弧氧化膜层性能的影响。结果表明:电解液为硅酸盐时,膜层有较好的耐磨性和耐腐蚀性。     

钛合金表面加弧辉光离子渗镍铬及其性能研究

采用加弧辉光离子渗金属新技术处理钛合金Ti5Al2.5Sn表面,研究了渗层的相组成特点,成分分布情况,评价了改性层的磨擦摩损性能,及与钛合金基体间的接触腐蚀相容性等。结果表明加弧辉光离子渗技术可以快速地在钛合金表面获得NiCr镀渗复合层。渗层由Ni3Ti等金属间化合物组成,其硬度、耐磨性能均高于离子注氮层,具有较高的抗含Cl^-1水溶液腐蚀性能,在含Cl^-1腐蚀环境中与钛合金基体接触相容。     

氧化时间对钛合金钻杆微弧氧化膜层结构和性能的影响

采用脉冲直流微弧氧化方法在钛合金钻杆表面制备了不同氧化时间下的TiO_2陶瓷膜层,用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、显微硬度计、球盘摩擦试验机及电化学工作站等分析了膜层的形貌、结构、组成以及膜层的硬度、摩擦磨损性能和耐蚀性。结果表明,随着氧化时间的延长,膜层的厚度增加,但膜层的硬度、耐磨性和耐腐蚀性先增加后降低。经不同氧化时间处理后,膜层的相结构主要由金红石型TiO_2和锐钛矿型TiO_2组成,此外还含有少量的Al2TiO5晶体和SiO_2非晶态。微观形貌分析表明,随着氧化时间延长,膜层表面粗糙度延长。在本实验条件下,当氧化时间为40min时,微弧氧化膜层的综合性能较好。     

Improving the corrosion resistance of Mg–4.0Zn–0.2Ca alloy by micro-arc oxidation

In this paper, corrosion resistance of the Mg–4.0Zn–0.2Ca alloy was modified by micro-arc oxidation (MAO) process. The microstructure and phase constituents of MAO layer were characterized by SEM, XRD and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The corrosion resistance of MAO treated Mg–4.0Zn–0.2Ca alloy in the simulated body fluid were characterized by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. The microstructure results indicated that a kind of ceramic film was composed by MgO and MgF₂ was formed on the surface of Mg–4.0Zn–0.2Ca alloy after MAO treatment. The electrochemical test reveals that the corrosion resistance of MAO treated samples increase 1 order of magnitude. The mechanical intensity test showed that the MAO treated samples has suitable mechanical properties.     

Effect of boronising on mechanical properties,wear and corrosion of N80 steel

Abstract

The effect of boronising on N80 steel tube was investigated by pack boriding. During the present investigation, microstructures of boride layer and substrate, hardness, mechanical properties, wear and corrosion were examined. In order to improve the tensile properties of the steel substrate after boronising, four different cooling methods were employed including annealing, air cooling, fan cooling and fan cooling with a graphite bar in the centre of boriding agent. Among these methods, the fan cooling with a graphite bar in the centre of the boriding agent makes the microstructure of ferrite and pearlite finest and the mechanical properties highest, in accordance with the mechanical properties required by API SPEC 5L. The borided N80 steel showed a better wear resistance at an applied load of 50 N with a sliding velocity of 0˙785 m s^–1, it also displayed a better corrosion resistance in both H₂SO₄ and HCl acid environments.     

Enhancement of wear resistance of ductile iron surface alloyed by stellite 6

This paper deals with the improvement of the wear resistance of ductile iron surface alloyed by a hypoeutectic stellite 6 alloy. In this regard, the surface alloyed layer with 3 mm thickness deposited on ductile iron using tungsten inert gas (TIG) surface processing. The microstructure, hardness and wear resistance of surface alloyed layer were investigated using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction analysis, Vickers hardness (HV0.3) and pin-on-plate tests. The results showed that the microstructure of the surface alloyed layer consisted of carbides dispersed in a Co-based solid solution matrix with dendritic structure. This microstructure was responsible for the improvement of the hardness and wear resistance of the coating. Further investigations showed that the dominant mechanism of the wear in the coated and uncoated samples was delamination wear.     

渗硼对钢铁表面组织与性能影响的研究现状

渗硼是一种应用广泛的表面化学处理技术.详细介绍了渗硼对钢铁组织和性能的影响,主要包括钢铁渗硼后的组织、硬度、耐磨性、耐蚀性和抗氧化性等方面的研究,并提出了渗硼研究存在的问题及今后的研究方向.     

Hydrogen-free nitriding of ZrTiAlV by double glow plasma discharge improving the wear resistance

A hydrogen-free nitriding method through double glow plasma metallurgy is exploited and a nitrided layer was formed on ZrTiAlV alloy. The nitrided layer was characterised through X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy techniques, as well as through Vickers hardness and friction and wear tests. Results showed that the nitrided layer is 580?µm thick, homogeneous and dense. It mainly consists of TiN, Ti₂N and ZrN phases. The hardness of the nitrided layer on the surface of the ZrTiAlV alloy is nearly 2.5 times higher than that of the ZrTiAlV substrate. The friction coefficient and wear resistance of the alloy considerably improved after nitriding.     

镁合金微弧氧化膜的耐蚀性及其在腐蚀介质下的磨损行为

在硅酸盐电解液体系中,采用电流密度为40mA/cm2的脉冲电流模式对AZ91D镁合金进行微弧氧化处理,在其表面获得均匀的陶瓷膜层。随后对膜层的形貌、耐腐蚀性及其在腐蚀介质下的摩擦磨损行为进行了研究;结果表明:微弧氧化膜具有双层结构(疏松层和致密层),表面均匀,局部有裂纹;微弧氧化处理提高了镁合金的耐腐蚀性,经微弧氧化处理后试样的自腐蚀电位升高了94mV;在腐蚀环境下,膜层的耐磨性会降低,膜层磨损的机理随载荷大小不同而改变,小载荷时主要是磨粒磨损,高载荷时主要是结合力破坏而导致的剥层磨损。     

Evaluation of the effects of plasma nitriding temperature and time on the characterisation of Ti 6Al 4V alloy

The effects of plasma nitriding (PN) temperature and time on the structural and tribological characterisation of Ti 6Al 4V alloy were investigated. PN processes under gas mixture of N₂/H₂ = 4 were performed at temperatures of 700, 750, 800 and 850 °C for duration of 2, 5 and 10 h. Cross section and surface characterisation were evaluated by means of SEM, AFM, XRD and microhardness test techniques. Dry wear tests were performed using a pin on disc machine. Mass loss and coefficient of friction were measured during the wear tests. Three distinguished structures including of a compound layer (constituted of δ-TiN and ɛ-Ti₂N), an aluminium-rich region and a diffusion zone (interstitial solid solution of nitrogen in titanium) were detected at the surface of plasma nitrided Ti 6Al 4V alloy. These structures increased surface hardness of Ti 6Al 4V alloy significantly and gradually distributed the hardness from the surface to the substrate. The "surface hardness", "surface roughness", "wear resistance" and "coefficient of friction" of the alloy were increased due to plasma nitriding process. Moreover, rising both process temperature and time led to increasing of "layers thicknesses", "surface hardness", "surface roughness", "dynamic load-ability" and "wear resistance" of Ti 6Al 4V alloy.