显热回收技术在煤气化领域的应用

针对目前国内已经实现工业示范运行的两段式干粉煤气化炉显热回收技术、三代晋华炉显热回收技术和输运床气化炉显热回收技术进行分析研究,指出其存在的问题,并提出未来发展方向。     

乙苯脱氢法苯乙烯生产技术进展

概述了乙苯脱氢生产苯乙烯的主要方法。从催化剂、生产工艺和生产装置等方面介绍了其研究进展,指出了其今后的发展方向。     

乙苯脱氢催化剂焙烧工艺的改进

以乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯催化剂为研究对象,对采用连续式回转炉和马弗炉焙烧的催化剂分别进行了物性分析和活性评价。结果表明,采用回转炉焙烧的催化剂样品在外观、强度、比表面积、孔容、孔径、晶粒形貌和催化活性等均优于马弗炉焙烧的催化剂,可用连续式回转炉代替马弗炉。     

乙苯脱氢三叶型355催化剂的工业开发

开发成功了具有高活性、高选择性、低水同比、高侧压强及抗水性能好等特点的三叶型３５５催化剂。工业试生产和工业生产结果表明,在反应温度为６２０℃,流体空速为１．０ｈ,水油比为２．０的条件下,可使乙苯转化率大于８０％,苯乙烯收率大于７６％,苯乙烯选择性大于９５％。     

Application of membrane reactor for dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene

Two types of membrane reactors have been constructed in order to evaluate the influence of membrane reactor configuration on the performance of the dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene in a porous alumina membrane reactor. The type I construction combine reaction and separation in the same space. The type II configuration is comprised of three parts, i.e., reaction prior to separation, reaction and separation, and reaction after separation. The results showed that the overall yield of styrene in Type I is only 4% higher than that of the fixed bed reactor at 893 K, while 11 % enhancement in yield to styrene was obtained with Type II through optimizing the reaction conditions.     

Screening of catalysts for the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene

The oxidative dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene on various oxide catalysts has been investigated. The catalysts examined are classified into six types, considering their catalytic behavior. In general, acidic catalysts show high selectivity. The most effective catalyst has been found to be the SnO₂-P₂O₅ catalyst prepared from Sn(OH)₂ and phosphoric acid. The effects of partial pressures and reaction temperature have been studied and suitable reaction conditions for the SnO₂-P₂O₅ catalyst have been determined.     

PED-01乙苯脱氢催化剂的评价试验

自主开发的PED-01乙苯脱氢催化剂在100 mL等温评价装置上进行了重复试验和稳定性试验,在反应温度620 ℃、空速1.0 h^-1、水蒸汽与乙苯质量比2∶1和常压条件下,催化剂的乙苯平均转化率为79.51%,苯乙烯平均选择性为95.91%,苯乙烯平均收率为76.25%。侧线装置上条件试验和稳定性试验结果表明,PED-01催化剂的乙苯转化率和苯乙烯平均收率均优于进口催化剂,失活速率比进口催化剂慢,具有更好的稳定性。     

Ways for increasing efficiency of a heat recovery unit

The authors present analysis of variants of using low-potential heat, which improve the efficiency of steam gas-fired boilers, air heating, and cleaning waste gases from toxic emissions in thermal machines. In order to achieve a more complete moisture removal from combustion products, an upgraded design of a contact heat recovery unit is proposed equipped with a drip pan with cooled packing. __________ Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 8, pp. 23–25, August, 2007.