十八硫醇自组装膜对青铜的缓蚀作用

在乙醇体系中采用十八硫醇(ODT)在青铜表面制备自组装膜(SAMs),采用循环伏安法、极化曲线和交流阻抗谱等电化学方法研究该膜在0.5 mol/LNaCl溶液中对青铜电极的缓蚀性能。结果表明:ODT在青铜表面形成了SAMs,能够有效抑制青铜的腐蚀。随着成膜温度和ODT浓度的增高,ODT自组装膜的缓蚀效率和覆盖度提高。当ODT浓度为0.1 mol/L、成膜温度为60℃时,缓蚀效率为98.1%,覆盖度为98.7%;十八硫醇在青铜表面的吸附行为符合Langmuir吸附等温式,吸附机理是典型的化学吸附。     

水溶液中自组装膜对青铜的缓蚀作用

采用不同的分散剂将十八烷基硫醇(ODT)分散在水溶液中,并以其在青铜表面制备了自组装膜(SAMs)。用极化曲线、交流阻抗、循环伏-安等电化学方法研究了ODT SAMs对青铜的缓蚀作用。结果表明:ODT分子能够在青铜表面形成稳定、致密的SAMs,有效抑制了青铜的阴极和阳极过程,改变了电极表面的双电层结构,对青铜有良好的缓蚀作用。     

Anticorrosion Action of Serf-assemble Monolayers on Bronze in Aqueous Solution

采用不同的分散剂将十八烷基硫醇(ODT)分散在水溶液中,并以其在青铜表面制备了自组装膜(SAMs).用极化曲线、交流阻抗、循环伏-安等电化学方法研究了ODT SAMs对青铜的缓蚀作用.结果表明:ODT分子能够在青铜表面形成稳定、致密的SAMs,有效抑制了青铜的阴极和阳极过程,改变了电极表面的双电层结构,对青铜有良好的缓蚀作用.     

盐酸溶液中聚酰胺-胺树形分子-水杨醛席夫碱自组装膜对Q235碳钢的缓蚀作用及吸附机理

合成了1.0G聚酰胺-胺树状分子-水杨醛席夫碱(PAMAM(1.0G)-SA),以其在Q235碳钢表面制备自组装单分子膜(SAMs),用电化学方法研究SAMs在5%HCl介质中对Q235碳钢的缓蚀作用及其吸附行为,结果表明PAMAM(1.0G)-SA分子可以在Q235碳钢表面形成稳定的SAMs,改变了表面的双电层结构,抑制了碳钢表面的阳极氧化和阴极还原过程,碳钢电极的电荷转移电阻明显提高,双电层电容降低,电化学阻抗和极化曲线测试结果显示,碳钢表面PAMAM(1.0G)-SA的SAMs在5%HCl介质中具有良好的缓蚀作用,PAMAM(1.0G)-SA在碳钢表面的吸附行为符合Langmuir吸附等温式,属于化学吸附,利用量子化学方法对PAMAM(1.0G)-SA的SAMs形成机理进行了分析。     

铜表面吡咯烷二硫代氨基甲酸铵自组装膜的拉曼光谱和缓蚀作用

应用表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)和电化学方法,对铜电极表面吡咯烷二硫代氨基甲酸铵(APDTC)的自组装单层结构、缓蚀性能和吸附行为进行研究。SERS光谱表明:APDTC分子通过硫原子垂直吸附在铜表面形成APDTC自组装单分子膜(APDTC SAMs)。交流阻抗和极化曲线实验表明:在3%NaCl(质量分数)溶液中APDTC SAMs对铜具有很好的缓蚀作用,最高缓蚀效率可达98%;APDTC的吸附行为符合Langmuir吸附等温式,吸附机理是介于化学吸附和物理吸附之间的一种吸附。     

十八硫醇自组装膜对青铜-银电偶腐蚀的抑制作用

采用十八硫醇(ODT)的乙醇溶液在青铜和Ag表面制备了自组装膜(SAMs)。通过测量青铜-银的电偶电流和室内加速变色实验,研究了自组装前后的电偶腐蚀性能。采用XPS,Tafel极化曲线法和微分电容法初步研究了ODT SAMs的作用机理。结果表明:ODT分子通过S与基体形成硫醇盐,吸附在青铜和Ag表面形成自组装膜,该自组装膜在3.5%NaCl溶液和含S大气中,能够有效抑制青铜和Ag之间的电偶腐蚀,属于混和型缓蚀剂。     

3-氨基-1,2,4-三氮唑自组装膜对Cu-Ni合金缓蚀作用及吸附机理研究

利用3-氨基-1,2,4-三氮唑(ATA)金属处理剂在Cu-Ni合金表面制备了自组装单分子膜(SAMs),用电化学方法研究ATA SAMs对Cu-Ni合金的缓蚀作用及其吸附行为.结果表明, ATA分子易在Cu-Ni合金表面形成稳定的ATA SAMs,抑制了Cu-Ni合金的阳极氧化过程,改变了电极表面双电层结构,使零电荷电位正移,固/液界面双电层电容明显降低,有良好的缓蚀效果,这与交流阻抗和极化曲线得到的结论一致.同时研究表明ATA的吸附行为符合Langmuir吸附等温式,吸附机理是典型的化学吸附.     

植酸自组装膜对白铜缓蚀作用的光电化学研究

用动电位伏安法和光电化学方法研究了植酸自组装单分子膜(SAMs)对白铜B30的缓蚀作用.结果表明,植酸分子易在白铜B30表面形成稳定的植酸SAMs,光电化学测试白铜B30表面膜显示p-型光响应,光响应来自电极表面的Cu2O层,植酸SAMs的形成使其光响应明显减弱,有良好的缓蚀效果,这与交流阻抗得到的结论一致,同时微分电容曲线表明植酸SAMs的形成改变了电极双电层结构,使得电容值减小,其缓蚀机理为化学吸附过程.     

十八硫醇/乙醇体系自组装膜对银的防变色作用

十八硫醇(ODT)是一种环境友好型金属处理剂。在乙醇体系中用十八硫醇在银表面制备自组装膜(SAMs)。采用加速变色、极化曲线、电化学阻抗、循环伏安等方法研究了乙醇溶液中十八硫醇自装膜对银表面的防变色作用。结果表明,在浓度为0.05mol/dm3,温度为50℃时,自组装最佳时间为1h,十八硫醇在银表面形成了一层致密的自组装膜,该膜具有良好的防变色效果。     

K2L-SAMs对碳钢在饱和CO2油田水中的缓蚀行为与量子化学研究

利用邻氧乙酸苯甲醛缩对氨基苯磺酸钾盐席夫碱(K2L)缓蚀剂在20#碳钢表面制备自组装单分子膜(SAMs),并通过电化学方法研究缓蚀剂自组装膜的最佳组装时间;采用电化学测试技术和表面分析技术研究K2L-SAMs对碳钢在饱和CO2油田水介质中的缓蚀行为;采用密度泛函理论分析缓蚀剂分子的前线轨道、Mulliken电荷和分子静电势。结果表明:缓蚀剂在碳钢表面自组装3 h后,可以形成稳定、致密的缓蚀膜;在碳钢表面形成的K2L-SAMs能有效抑制碳钢的阴极还原过程,最高缓蚀效率达87.55%;K2L的吸附行为符合Langmuir吸附等温式,吸附机理为典型的化学吸附。量子化学计算结果表明:羧基是K2L分子的主要吸附活性区域,能与碳钢表面铁原子作用形成稳定的配位键。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.     

电化学噪声数据处理方法概述

综述了常见的电化学噪声数据处理方法,介绍了直流趋势剔除、统计分析、快速傅立叶变换(FFT)法计算功率谱密度(PSD)以及小波变换处理电化学噪声信号的基本过程,并阐释了各种数学处理及所得参数的物理意义。