RPUF／蛭石复合材料的制备及阻燃性能研究

用酸化、钠化对蛭石进行结构修饰,以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(HDTMA·Br)为插层剂,制备了有机化蛭石(OVMT)。XRD 分析表明:HDTMA~ 已完全插层,蛭石的层间距由改性前的1.49 nm 增大到4.53 nm。将 OVMT与聚磷酸铵(APP)复配用于硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料(RPUF)的阻燃,氧指数测试得出:当 OVMT 和 APP 添加量分别为5%和10%时,极限氧指数达到26.8%,比单独添加7%OVMT、10%APP 分别高出5.4%和3.2%;DSC 和 TG测试表明:与纯 RPUF 相比,复合材料吸热峰温度从358.1℃提高到369.6℃。     

PE-HD/膨胀型阻燃剂/蛭石阻燃复合材料的制备与性能研究

通过熔融插层法制备了高密度聚乙烯（PE-HD）/膨胀型阻燃剂（IFR）/有机蛭石（OVMT）阻燃复合材料,探讨了IFR中聚磷酸蜜胺（MPP）与季戊四醇（PER）质量比对复合材料阻燃性能以及OVMT添加量对熔融插层效果的影响。实验数据显示,在阻燃剂为30质量份的情况下,复合体系IFR中MPP与PER的最佳质量比为3：1,OVMT添加量为2 %（质量份,下同）时熔融插层效果最好。此时PE-HD/IFR/OVMT体系 （70/28/2）的极限氧指数为28.6 %,垂直燃烧（UL94）等级达到V-1级。此外,实验还表明,适量增容剂高密度聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐（PE-HD-g-MAH）对熔融插层效果有促进作用。     

HDPE/改性蛭石复合材料的制备与气体阻隔性能研究

利用改性后的蛭石作为填充材料,通过熔融共混法制备了高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)/改性蛭石复合材料。研究了改性蛭石的添加量对复合材料热稳定性能、结晶性能、力学性能和氧气阻隔性能的影响。结果表明,相比纯HDPE,HDPE/改性蛭石复合材料仍能保持较好的拉伸强度,当含量为1%时拉伸强度为24.1 MPa,断裂伸长率先提高后下降,当含量为0.5%时断裂伸长率达到最高为535%;改性蛭石的加入提升了材料的韧性,当改性蛭石含量为1%时材料缺口冲击强度达到最高为45.8 kJ/m²;HDPE/改性蛭石复合材料的氧气阻隔性能明显提升,当改性蛭石含量为1%时材料的氧气阻隔性能达到最优,氧气渗透系数为6.9×10^-15 cm³·cm/(cm²·s·Pa)。     

PP/PET复合材料改性研究进展

对近几年改性聚丙烯(PP)基和PP/聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)复合材料中使用改性剂的改性方法及改性剂在复合材料中的应用研究进行了综述,按改性剂结构将改性剂改性的方法分为非纤维化改性、纤维化改性和成核剂改性三大类。其中非纤维化改性包括单体改性和共单体改性;纤维化改性包括PET短纤维改性、碳纤维改性和玻璃纤维改性;其它改性包括激光焊接改性。比较了各种改性方法的优缺点,并对PP/PET复合材料中改性剂改性方法的发展进行了展望。     

聚丁二酸丁二酯(PBS)/蛭石复合材料的热性能研究

以有机插层改性后的膨胀蛭石与PBS制备复合材料,研究偶联剂对蛭石/PBS复合材料热学性能的影响。运用差示扫描量热(DSC对比膨胀蛭石/PBS与改性蛭石/PBS复合材料之间的异同。结果表明,有机插层改性蛭石能够使PBS的结晶更加完善。     

苯并噁嗪树脂基复合材料研究进展

介绍了苯并噁嗪(BZ)树脂基复合材料的研究进展,包括无机颗粒材料改性[如MMT(蒙脱土)改性、不完全POSS(笼型倍半硅氧烷)改性、碳纳米材料改性和蛭石改性等]、纤维材料改性(如玻璃纤维改性、碳纤维改性和其他纤维改性等)以及橡胶改性;综述了改性BZ树脂基复合材料的改性机制。最后,对改性BZ树脂基复合材料的研究方向进行了展望。     

聚合物/蛭石复合材料的研究进展

针对近年来聚合物/蛭石复合材料成为研究热点的现状,介绍了蛭石的剥分膨胀和有机化改性的方法,主要综述目前塑料基蛭石纳米复合材料、橡胶基蛭石纳米复合材料、高吸水性蛭石复合材料等3种聚合物/蛭石复合材料的研究进展.     

PET改性研究进展及应用现状

综述了聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)改性的最新研究进展,并针对 PET 冲击强度低以及结晶性能差的缺点,分析了其作为工程塑料改性的必要性。PET 的主要改性方法有共混改性、纳米复合材料改性以及添加成核剂、成核促进剂改性等。文中还简单介绍了 PET 的改性机理。最后,对 PET 的生产和应用进行了总结。     

CTMAB-磁性蛭石对邻苯二酚吸附特性的研究

以蛭石为原料制备了磁性蛭石复合材料,并用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)改性,得到CTMAB-磁性蛭石,用XRD、SEM、FTIR、BET对改性前后的蛭石进行表征。结果表明,改性后蛭石吸附剂的比表面积、孔容增大。在25℃、邻苯二酚初始质量浓度为50 mg/L、pH为7条件下,CTMAB-磁性蛭石投加量为0.4 g时,吸附趋于平衡,邻苯二酚最大去除率为95.8%,与蛭石相比,CTMAB-磁性蛭石具有较好的吸附性能。     

PET/MMT纳米复合材料的研究进展

综述了聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET）/蒙脱土(MMT)纳米复合材料的2种制备方法、性能及其表征方法。MMT对PET的改性可以提高PET的阻隔性和结晶速率．并使PET拉伸模量和热变形温度大幅度提高,是目前PET改性的新方向。     

Polyurethane/organic vermiculite composites with enhanced mechanical properties

In this article, a series of polyurethane (PU)/organic vermiculite (OVMT) composites are prepared by intercalating polymerization. 1,4‐cyclohexane diisocyanate (CHDI) as hard segment of PU is designed to improve the decomposition temperature of composites. Vermiculite (VMT) is modified by method of cation exchange with octadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (OTAB); the resulting product OVMT with the function of physical cross‐linking disperses well in soft segment of PU polycarbonate polyol (PCDL), which improves the mechanical properties of composites obviously. This modification further enlarged the interlayer of OVMT and improved the properties of composites. The structure and properties of OVMT and PU/OVMT composites are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscope, and tensile strength test. The results showed that the layer spacing of OVMT increased 1.41 nm compared with that of VMT (the value of layer spacing of VMT is 0.96 nm) and further enlarged to 2.92 nm by the loading of PCDL. The tensile strength and the strain at break of PUCPB/OVMT (3.0%) composites reached 26.8 MPa and 443%, respectively. The temperature resistance of PUCPB/OVMT (3.0%) composites is above 300°C, which is more suitable for the steam channeling plugging of heavy oil. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43219.     

Preparation of organic vermiculite/polymethylmethacrylate nanocomposite featuring excellent mechanical and thermal properties via ultrasonic in situ polymerisation

To improve the dispersion of organically modified vermiculite (OVMT) in polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), the method of ultrasonic in situ polymerization was introduced, and a series of OVMT/PMMA nanocomposites were successfully prepared. The structure, morphology, and mechanical and thermal properties of as-prepared sample had been investigated. Results showed that the assistance of ultrasonic irradiation could be beneficial for the good homogeneous dispersion and strong interfacial interaction of OVMT in PMMA. Consequently, the obtained nanocomposites showed better mechanical and thermal properties than those prepared without the assistance of ultrasonic irradiation. When the OVMT content was 3 wt.%, the nanocomposite prepared by ultrasonic in situ polymerization exhibited the Young's modulus, tensile strength, elongation at break and degradation temperatures for 5% and 50% weight loss of 1177 MPa, 65 MPa, 14%, 219.82ºC and 373.91ºC, respectively. These results suggested the great potential application of ultrasonic in situ polymerization for the synthesis of polymer/clay nanocomposite.     

长玻纤增强PET复合材料的力学性能研究

采用自制的浸润装置，以PET浸渍长波纤，经切粒后得到长度为6mm的长纤维增强PET预浸料切片，经一定温度热处理，可得到长纤增强PET复合材料。研究了注塑样条中玻纤含量对其力学性能及玻纤长度分布的影响，并采用SEM观察了长玻纤增强PET注塑样条的断面形貌。结果表明，复合材料力学性能随玻璃纤维含量的提高均有不同程度的提高，当玻纤的质量分数在40％～50％时，力学性能基本达到最佳，且由本方法制备的长玻纤增强PET复合材料的力学性能已达到并超过了国外同类产品的水平。     

纳米二氧化硅在PET中分散新方法的研究

利用超声波、偶联剂KH-570对纳米SiO2进行了分散和表面改性,用溶液共混法制备了PET树脂/纳米SiO2复合材料。通过熔点和特性黏度的测试以及红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜等研究了材料的结构和性能。结果表明:溶液共混法不改变PET的化学结构,制成的复合材料仍满足PET的纺丝要求,并且SiO2呈纳米尺度分布在PET树脂中。     

Morphology and thermal and mechanical properties of phosphonium vermiculite filled poly(ethylene terephthalate) composites

A series of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/phosphonium vermiculite (P‐VMT) composites were prepared by a melt‐blending method, and we investigated the morphology and thermal and mechanical properties of the composites. We prepared P‐VMT with quaternary phosphonium salts using the common method followed by a cation‐exchange reaction. X‐ray diffraction showed that the phosphonium surfactants were partially intercalated into the vermiculite layers, The d‐spacing of the PET–clay sample was somewhat less than that of the P‐VMT because some degradation of the surfactant took place during melt processing. Compared with PET, the PET–clay composites had a lower decomposition temperature and showed a 17.4% increase in the tensile strength with a P‐VMT content of 3 wt %. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that P‐VMT had a homogeneous dispersion and good compatibility in the polymer matrix with a low content of additive and indicated that the P‐VMT content of 3 wt % was optimal. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

回收PET/PA66复合材料的研究

采用OZ作为反应相容剂,通过反应挤出制备了回收聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)/聚酰胺66(PA66)复合材料。研究了相容剂用量对复合材料的拉伸强度、冲击强度、流变性能和形态结构等的影响。结果表明,PA66质量分数为60%、相容剂OZ质量分数为5%时,可以得到综合性能与PA66相当的复合材料,降低了PA66的成本,同时使PET得到了回收。     

PET抗静电复合材料的性能研究

以PET为基体树脂,研究了3种不同类型的抗静电剂与PET熔融共混制备的抗静电复合材料的力学性能、抗静电性能及微观形态。结果表明,含磺酸盐及聚醚的复合抗静电母料和聚醚型复合抗静电母料均可显著提高PET的抗静电性能,当两种母料的质量分数均为3%时,可使PET复合材料的表面电阻率均降低6~7个数量级,而对复合材料的力学性能影响不大;非离子型表面活性剂的改性效果较差。     

Preparation and properties of novel natural rubber/organo‐vermiculite nanocomposites

Polymer‐layered silicate nanocomposites have an attracting increasing attention over recent years because of their unique mechanical, thermal, and other properties. In this article, a new kind of natural rubber (NR)/organo‐vermiculite (OVMT) nanocomposites were investigated. The vermiculite (VMT) was intercalated by cetyltrimethylammonium bromide with ball mill method. The intercalation led to an increase of the d₍₀₀₁₎ of VMT from 1.46 nm to 4.51 nm. NR/OVMT nanocomposites were prepared via a melt process in a HAAKE mixer and were analyzed by X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope observations. The mechanical properties of the vulcanized nanocomposites were tested. It was found that the tensile strength and the elongation at the breaking point of the NR/OVMT nanocomposites loading 15 phr of the OVMT reached 28.4 MPa and 623.2%, respectively. The 300% modulus, tear strength, and hardness (Shore A) of the nanocomposites increased with the increase of the OVMT loading. The thermal properties of the nanocomposites were investigated by dynamic mechanical analysis, and the results showed that the storage modulus and the glass transition temperature of the nanocomposites were increased. POLYM. COMPOS., 2009. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers     

PEN短纤维增强PET复合材料的结构与性能研究

通过在PET树脂中混入聚对苯二甲酸乙二脂（PEN）短纤维，制备了聚萘二甲酸乙二酯（PEN）增强PET复合材料，并以X射线衍射，DSC，扫描电镜，力学测试等手段分析了样品的结构，热学及力学性能，结果表明：复合材料中的PET树脂呈无定型状态，PEN纤维的加入使PET的冷结晶温度移向高温；此方法能够在一定程度上提高复合材料的断裂强度与初始模量，但可能由于复合材料中纤维含量较低。且与基体的粘结性能尚不理想，造成样品的力学性能随纤维含量和长度的变化规律并不明显。