能源与环境

我讲的是与能源有关的一个问题——环境保护问题,七五期间我国把环保确定为基本国策,环保工作有了很大的发展。我们上海在七五期间提出污染控制目标是:“在生产大幅度增长的情况下,污染的排放量要控制在85年水平上。”经过五年来的努力上海的生产年递增9％左右,在此速度下,污染排放量得到控制的目标已经实现,在环保中的水污染控制方面,我们以改善饮用水水质为重点,使工业废水的排放量有较大的削减,水中重金属有毒有     

烟气型污染与各种脱硫技术在电厂的应用与效果（下）

介绍了燃煤电厂污染物对环境大气的污染分类、危害，国外烟气脱硫(FGD)技术的实践与新发展，各种FGD技术在国内的应用和在应用中的发展以及简易湿法FGD的效果。     

煤烟型污染与各种脱硫技术在电厂的应用与效果（上）

介绍了燃煤电厂污染物对环境大气的污染分类、危害，国外烟气脱硫(FGD)技术的实践与新发展，各种FGD技术在国内的应用和在应用中的发展以及简易湿法FGD的效果。     

燃煤烟气脱硫脱硝一体化技术的研究与应用

介绍燃煤电厂烟气脱硫与脱硝一体化技术的工艺特征、环保性能及技术经济性能等方面的研究进展情况，并对其在我国的应用前景进行了分析预测。     

沈阳市能源消费状况分析与清洁能源对策

文中分析了沈阳市能源消费状况及对大气环境负荷的影响。并与全国的城市万元GDP能耗进行对比，预测了2010年的能源消费和环境负荷，找出发展趋势及存在的问题。提出沈阳市能源消费结构调整的方向及相应措施，以期达到优化能源结构，减少环境负荷，实现经济和社会可持续发展的目的。     

2019年能源环境发展形势及2020年展望

2019年,全国能源生产与消费继续清洁、绿色、低碳化发展,能源消费结构继续优化,能源利用效率不断提高,大气等生态环境质量总体上继续改善,应对气候变化取得新进展。新能源积极发展,各项节能和提高能效工作稳步推进,重点用能单位“百千万”行动、能效“领跑者”行动等发挥积极作用,打赢蓝天保卫战多项措施行动实施,减缓、适应、碳市场等气候变化各领域工作持续推进,为相关目标完成做出了贡献。预计2020年能源环境有关的各项约束性目标应能按时或提前完成,但也存在压力和挑战,各项中长期目标的实现需要持续付出艰苦努力。     

The role of built environment energy efficiency in a sustainable UK energy economy

Energy efficiency in the built environment can make significant contributions to a sustainable energy economy. In order to achieve this, greater public awareness of the importance of energy efficiency is required. In the short term, new efficient domestic appliances, building technologies, legislation quantifying building plant performance, and improved building regulations to include installed plant will be required. Continuing these improvements in the longer term is likely to see the adoption of small-scale renewable technologies embedded in the building fabric. Internet-based energy services could deliver low-cost building energy management and control to the mass market enabling plant to be operated and maintained at optimum performance levels and energy savings quantified. There are many technology options for improved energy performance of the building fabric and energy systems and it is not yet clear which will prove to be the most economic. Therefore, flexibility is needed in legislation and energy-efficiency initiatives.     

Balancing energy and environment: The effect and perspective of management instruments in China

The rapid growth of Chinese economy has tremendously stimulated the expansion of energy consumption. The structure of energy consumption in China is featured with the coal domination. Air pollution is becoming increasingly severe. As a result, we are confronted with the extremely arduous task to balance energy consumption and environmental protection. In order to coordinate the relationship between energy consumption and environmental protection in a strategic way, this paper analyzes comprehensively the instruments, effects and perspectives of energy-related environmental management. Meanwhile, this paper illustrates the barriers and challenges facing the energy and energy-related environmental management in China, and suggests a priority strategy of management instrument, mainly composed of energy-saving, optimization of energy structure, promulgation of environmental standards, advance in environmental technologies, internalization of environmental costs, establishment of a public benefit fund and adoption of a Renewable Portfolio System.     

The impact of EU policies on energy use in and the evolution of the UK built environment

Energy use in buildings is influenced by a variety of factors in complex ways. Historically, in the UK the efficiency of energy use in buildings has not been a major consideration in their design. Now policy concern with climate change is changing this, because buildings have come to be perceived as the locus of energy use with the highest cost-effective energy savings potential. In the UK, the energy efficiency of the building stock is rather low. The paper focuses largely on energy use in the UK's existing building stock and the two main European Union Directives which affect it: the Energy Performance in Buildings Directive and the Energy Services Directive. The Directives are complex, and there are a number of supporting programmes set up by the European Commission to aid their implementation. Even so, they have been implemented in differing ways in different European countries, and implementation remains patchy. The Directives have the potential to be a major influence on the evolution of the UK's built environment, but their effect will depend on the details of the Directives’ implementation and enforcement, many of which are not yet clear.     

Energy and environment : Nordic energy scenarios for 2010 and 2030

The concept of a sustainable energy sector has received wide attention since the publication of the Brundtland Report in 1987. This paper analyses the possibilities of establishing by 2010 and 2030 an energy system in the Nordic countries which prevents the critical loads of NO_x and SO₂ respectively on the most vulnerable Nordic ecological systems being exceeded. In addition, the present concentration of CO₂ in the atmosphere should not be significantly exceeded within a time horizon to around 2050. Different scenarios have been investigated in order to analyse the scope for attaining such a sustainable energy development within the limits of existing technologies and known potentials of renewable energy sources. Data on the technologies are available in a special catalogue.     

我国能源与环境的对立状况及化解策略

通过对我国能源供需状况的分析，表明能源的供需矛盾在持续扩大，能源消费的绝对量依然很大；大量的能源消费又造成了沉重的环境压力。为了缓解能源的供需矛盾，实现能源消费与环境保护的双赢发展，文章提出了化解其对立矛盾的一些策略。     

Research on task scheduling and concurrent processing technology for energy internet operation platform

The energy Internet operation platform provides market entities such as energy users, energy enterprises, suppliers, and governments with the ability to interact, transact, and manage various operations. Owing to the large number of platform users, complex businesses, and large amounts of data-mining tasks, it is necessary to solve the problems afflicting platform task scheduling and the provision of simultaneous access to a large number of users. This study examines the two core technologies of platform task scheduling and multiuser concurrent processing, proposing a distributed task- scheduling method and a technical implementation scheme based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm, and presents a systematic solution in concurrent processing for massive user numbers. Based on the results of this study, the energy internet operation platform can effectively deal with the concurrent access of tens of millions of users and complex task-scheduling problems.     

Disposal of waste tyres for energy recovery and safe environment

Attention has been devoted to new, more efficient and environmentally-attractive methods, such as incinerators (with energy recovery) and pyrolysis.     

Situation of Turkey's energy indicators among the EU member states

As a candidate country for EU accession, Turkey should make significant future plans about strategy of consumption and production of basic energy sources. The main goal of this study is determination of energy indicators situation for Turkey—to allow us to draw up a good energy policy for the future using the method of multiple variables data analysis. Basic energy and economic indicators, such as gross generation, installed capacity, net energy consumption per person, import, export, consumption of coal, lignite, fuel oil, natural gas and hydroelectricity are used in the analysis. Energy indicators used in the analysis are taken from the EUROSTAT and Turkish Statistical Institute (TURKSTAT). Results of analysis show that Turkey's most important goal for the future is to produce proper energy policies.     

Energy and environment policy integration: The case of energy conservation policies and technologies in Japan

Among the OECD countries, Japan has achieved one of the lowest energy intensities and has been successful in reducing emissions of key air pollutants and CO₂ associated with energy use while maintaining a relatively high rate of economic growth, indicating that in Japan energy and environment policies have been able to address each other effectively. This study shows that in both policy domains, considerable importance was attached to the enhancement of energy conservation. The industrial sector has been the most responsive in reducing energy intensity as well as in controlling pollution. Aided by government fiscal measures, the iron and steel, chemicals and automobile industries have pursued both energy conservation and pollution control through suitable process or product innovation. The recent response to global environment issues shows that both the government and the industrial sector are determined to enhance energy conservation and environmental amelioration through technological innovation, indicating that Japanese technologies will continue to be ‘environmentally competitive’.