高纯氢氧生产装置

高纯氢氧生产装置平井清司安井信一等在电子工业中，氢和氧作为热处理气氛气和过程气而广泛使用。这些气体的纯度对产品的好坏影响很大，需要高纯氢和氧。一般情况下，氢气是通过一次纯化食盐电解和石油精制副产气，然后高压充入钢瓶等而供给的。氧气是在液化空气状态下，...     

氢液化装置在线分析系统研究

氢液化装置在线分析系统的可靠性是保证氢液化装置的连续安全运行和液氢产品质量的关键。结合氢气／液氢生产经验,得出氢气中微量杂质含量的最佳在线分析方法,并提出在线质量监控模型,在实时、可靠、稳定的基础上,更大程度提倡自动化操作。     

ＭＨＰＣ—２１（４）／１３型高压高纯氢生产装置

利用金属经物氢纯化与压缩技术,开发一种新型的制备高压纯氢生产装置,生产能力为２１Ｎm∧２/h（每小时充灌四瓶）,产品氢纯度≥９９．９９９９％,氢气压力为１３－１４ＭＰa。     

氢气发生装置

最近，日本大阪瓦斯公司制成了一种以城市煤气为原料制取氢气的OG式氢气发生装置，并且开始向空气液化分离装置供应氢气。该装置通过把城市煤气送入转化炉和精制装置内，以生产纯度为99．99％以上的高纯氢。     

基于G-M制冷机的小型氢液化装置开发

设计研制了一套基于G-M制冷机的常压常温氢气直接液化的小型装置,包括液氢杜瓦、正仲转换装置、供气系统、液氢输送系统和测量系统等,提出了微正压氢液化工艺方法,制定了氢操作流程工艺及安全防护措施,并开展了实验测试.实验结果表明,该氢液化方案是可行且有效的,该装置是安全可靠的.在压力为162 kPa时,该小型氢液化装置的氢气...     

零排放氢气纯化器的工艺过程和运行分析

零排放电解氢气纯化器在氢气纯化过程中再生氢气不排放,极大地降低了能源消耗,是值得推广的氢气纯化技术。着重介绍了我所研制的零排放电解氢气纯化器的工艺过程、主要工艺设备的特点和调试及生产运行数据分析。调试和生产运行证实零排放纯化器生产工艺满足产品氢气质量要求,完全达到设计技术指标。     

零排放氢气纯化器的工艺过程和运行分析

零排放电解氢气纯化器是在氢气纯化过程中再生氢气不用排放,极大的降低了能源消耗。是值得推广的氢气纯化技术。本文着重介绍了我所研制的零排放电解氢气纯化器的工艺过程、主要的工艺设备的特点和调试及生产运行数据分析。调试和生产运行证实零排放纯化器生产工艺满足产品氢气质量要求。完全达到设计技术指标。     

高压氢气泄漏扩散数值模拟

氢气作为未来能源的载体前景十分广阔，随着氢气的广泛应用，高压氢气的泄漏事故的产生将不可避免。本文基于FLUENT软件的物质传输与反应模块建立了输氢管道、储氢罐泄漏扩散的模型，提出了研究氢气泄漏扩散的数值模拟方法。通过模拟求解得出了氢气含量在模拟区域的分布等结果。对结果进行分析，得到了氢气泄漏后的扩散特性。研究结论可以为处理高压氢气泄漏提供一定参考。     

PFHE型五级液氮预冷氢膨胀与四级氦膨胀氢液化工艺研究

研究了以板翅式换热器(PFHE)为核心的30万方/天五级液氮(LN2)预冷氢膨胀制冷氢液化系统和四级氦膨胀制冷氢液化系统的原理和工艺流程,两种氢液化工艺均可将氢气液化为-252℃的液氢(LH2);给出了两种氢液化工艺具体参数和主液化装备板翅式换热器的设计计算方法;借助制冷效率、压力损失等主要参数理论计算和两种工艺的特点...     

高纯氢制备工艺

叙述了高纯氢的用途和几种氢气的制备和纯化工艺，重点推荐甲醇或氨裂解制氢，ＰＳＡ纯化制备高纯氢的工艺，并同传统的电解水－低温法制备高纯氢工艺进行了比较，推荐工艺投资小，操作简单，成本低，效益好，市场前景广阔。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

From Industry 4.0 to Research 4.0. Development of High Performance Fibers in the Light of Digitization

We associate a variety of innovations with the term ＂Industry 4.0＂. The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di...     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

Roman iron and steel: A review

ABSTRACT

The production of ferrous metal increased during the Roman Late Republican period, Principate and Empire. The direct bloomery process was used to extract the metal from its ores using slag-tapping and slag-pit furnaces. The fuel was charcoal and an air blast was introduced by bellows-operated tuyères. Iron formed as a bloom, often as a spongy mass of metal, which contained impurities from the smelting process, including unreacted ore, fuel, slag and fragments from the furnace walls, while the metal was often inhomogeneous with varied carbon contents. Blooms were either smithed directly into bars or ingots or they were broken up, which also allowed the removal of gross impurities and a selection of pieces with similar properties to be made. These could then be forge-welded together and formed into characteristically shaped ingots. Making steel in the furnace seems to have been achieved: it depended on the ore and the furnace and conditions within it. Surface carburization was also carried out. Iron and steel were used extensively in construction and for tools and weapons. Fire welding was often used to add pieces of steel to make the edges of tools and weapons, which could be heat-treated by quenching to harden them.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...