共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
一种新的Couette流变仪的精度校核 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用新研制的外筒旋转可调压可视化Couette流变仪,开展了强剪切流的空化试验,发现剪切力矩及瞬态温度对剪切空化的影响非常明显。通过传感器温度阶跃响应试验数据,求得温度传感器在静止液体内受阶跃温度变化时的表面传热系数。采用柱坐标系,基于试验获得的纯剪切力矩和瞬态传热微分方程,由数值计算方法求出不同时刻强剪切Couette流的瞬态温度,理论计算值与试验结果较为吻合,表明新的外筒旋转可调压可视Couette流变仪获得的纯剪切力矩和瞬态温度的准确性,以及间隙的均匀性。利用文献[9]的初步估算方法,也可求出强剪切Couette流的温度变化值。对比分析结果表明,所提方法校核精度高且适用范围广。 相似文献
2.
3.
4.
5.
基于分子动力学方法,建立超薄含水柴油膜的全原子分子模型,进行不同含水率下油膜Couette流的润滑特性研究。在相同剪切速度作用下,分析含水油膜的微观结构、速度分布、整体键取向参数、剪切黏度等性质。发现不含水时油膜形成了类固体层,不具有流动性,且在剪切过程中黏度值下降,即表现出剪切时间稀化现象;而含水工况下,油膜出现分层结构,流速符合Couette流的流动特性;且含水率越高,油膜的分层现象越明显,链烃的有序性越强,致使油水混合薄膜的剪切黏度值也越低,呈现出非牛顿流体性质,此时油膜固有的剪切稀化特性被削弱。研究表明,水分子由于具有较强的分子间作用力,能促使油膜中的有机分子重新排布,从而对油膜的润滑性能产生较大改变。 相似文献
6.
小孔节流是空气静压导轨中常见的节流方式,为了研究空气静压导轨气膜压力分布问题,研制了一种气体止推轴承气膜压力分布测试试验台。以小孔节流为例。基于空气静压导轨气膜压力递减规律,将气膜沿长度方向划分为压力驱动区和牛顿摩擦区。通过Fluent仿真气膜支撑区气体流态并计算其流速和压力,得到的实验结果与气体压力分布的数值分析结果吻合。得出了相关结论:气膜沿长度方向分为压力驱动区和牛顿摩擦区。通过实验验证压力分区理论的有效性。 相似文献
7.
8.
高粘度煤泥流变特性是影响其高压管道输送阻力的一个重要因素.故研制加压旋转流变仪测量高粘度煤泥不同压力时的流变特性。标定加压旋转流变仪,用于测试压力对流变性的影响。使用加压旋转流变仪测试浓度75%煤泥的剪切应力和剪切速率.绘制了煤泥不同压力时的流变曲线和表观粘度曲线,通过分析确定了煤泥常压下是宾汉型流体,加压下为屈服假塑性流体。 相似文献
9.
10.
针对高转速下液膜密封空化区界面发生强烈波动导致密封失稳的问题,为寻找波动抑制方法,考察了微流道槽底面剪切条件对液膜空化流场特性的影响.选用Schnerr-Sauer空化模型,运用Laminar和转捩SST模型,对比研究了不同转速槽底面无滑移和无剪切条件下的开启力Fo、泄漏率Q、空化占比和空化区速度分布规律.结果表明:流动模型的选择(Laminar和转捩SST模型)对Fo和Q的影响可以忽略,但对空化影响十分显著;液膜空化泡在膜厚方向呈不规则曲面状,在槽区膜厚中部位置的轴截面空化面积占比最大,无滑移时向非开槽端面单侧减小,无剪切时向密封端面双侧减小;可分开判定非槽区和槽区流态,非槽区始终为层流,槽区在11 300 r/min以下为层流,高于11 300 r/min为转捩流,若存在局部区域流动因子9/16<ζ<1或有空化发生,均应采用转捩SST模型;槽底面进行超滑水改性,可显著提高Fo(15 000 r/min时提高51.6%),降低Q(1 000 r/min时降低2.8%),有效降低空化率(15 000 r/min时空化体积占比降低超过80%),提升空化临界转速(从4 000 r/min提升至7 000r/min)及液膜稳定性(空化区速度波动减弱,且槽区湍流形成临界转速由4 000 r/min提升至11 300 r/min),并使空化随转速的变化具有规律性、可预测性.此为提升液膜密封性能以及完善微流道流动理论和实现空化调控提供参考. 相似文献
11.
以水为介质阻尼孔气穴流动理论和试验研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
针对水的汽化压力高、容易发生气穴的特点,应用气穴模型理论对阻尼小孔中以水作为工作介质时的流动特性进行理论分析.在此基础上,用可视化方法对阻尼小孔中的气穴流动特性进行试验,研究阻尼孔中的气穴发生过程,分析阻尼孔内径和长径比对气穴的影响.研究结果表明阻尼孔的气穴首先在进口部位产生,并随着两端压差的增大向出口推移.大长径比的阻尼孔相对小长径比的阻尼孔而言不容易发生气穴.在相同长径比的情况下,孔径大的阻尼孔相对孔径小的阻尼孔更容易发生气穴.研究结果对阻尼小孔的选择设计具有一定的参考意义. 相似文献
12.
13.
在挤压油膜阻尼器内气穴现象实验研究的基础上,本文对挤压油膜因气穴现象而发生物理特性的变化进行了讨论。以气液均相流模型作为挤压油膜的近似描述,导出了上述模型的密度和粘度与油膜压力之间的关系式。分析了当挤压油膜采用这一可压缩模型时,其压力分布的描述更能与实际接近,对阻尼器的力学特性的预测有重要的参考价值。 相似文献
14.
Gao Hong Lin Wanlai Department of Aeronautical Astronautical Engineering School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai China Fu Xin Yang Huayong State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power Transmission Control Zhejiang University Hangzhou China Tsukiji Tetsuhiro Department of Mechanical Engineering Sophia University Tokyo - Japan 《机械工程学报(英文版)》2005,18(1):149-155
The aim of this study is to suppress a cavitation near the orifice of a relief valve by changing the shape of a poppet. An experimental flow visualization technique and a numerical cavitating flow simulation, using a RNG k-ε turbulence model and a cavitation model, are employed to achieve the purpose. In the flow visualization, the cavitation phenomenon near the orifice of a relief valve is observed using a transparent test valve body model and a camera. On the other hand, a three dimensional cavitating flow simulation is conducted to predict the cavitation near the orifice of a relief valve. Six types of poppets are designed by changing the shape of a traditional poppet shape, which is expected to influence the cavitating flow in an orifice. In addition, the cavitation noise of a relief valve is measured and the noise spectrum is analyzed. In conclusion, the cavitation intensity and the cavitation noise are reduced for an optimal poppet geometry obtained in the present study. 相似文献
15.
Under the technical requirements of expanding measurement range and suppressing cavitation of flow sensors, the performance of a novel cavitation-resistance turbine flow sensor is taken as the research objective in this article. Based on theoretical analysis, a three-dimensional flow field CFD model of the turbine flow sensor with Realizable k-ε turbulence model and Schnerr&Sauer cavitation model is established. The cavitation tunnel experiment is performed to obtain the sensor characteristics. Finally, simulation and experiment results is analyzed and the feasibility of the CFD simulation of the sensor flow field is proved. The results show that this novel turbine flow sensor has the ability to resist cavitation, and the critical cavitation number σcr of the turbine flow sensor is below 0.4. Under a wide range of cavitation number (0.33~ σ ~1.6), Reynolds number(5 × 104~ Re ~8 × 105)and inflow angle α(−5°~ α~ 5°), the measurement meets the requirements. 相似文献
16.
The objective of the present work is the numerical investigation of the applicability of hydrodynamic cavitating Herschel Venturi-Tubes to liquid flow metering. For this purpose, two- and three-dimensional simulations of cavitating flow in two different nozzle geometries were carried out using commercial CFD code. For several reasons, the Herschel Venturi-Tube proved to be superior to other types of nozzles such as the ISO 9300 with respect to liquid flow metering. 相似文献
17.
18.
Due to their simple geometry, cavitating Venturi nozzles (CV) are a long time subject of experimental as well as numerical investigations. However, research mostly focused on certain aspects like the comparison of experimental data with numerical cavitation models or the spray development of diesel injection nozzles, but rarely on the choked flow condition itself, especially with regard to liquid flow measurement.If the pressure decreases due to the local acceleration of the flow to the respective vapor pressure, a choked flow condition similar to the well-known critical flow Venturi-nozzles (CFVN) develops. For the purpose of gaining further insight into the choked flow condition with respect to liquid flow measurement, high-speed camera investigations of a transparent Herschel Venturi-tube configuration, also known as classical Venturi-tube, were performed. Together with pressure and flow rate measurements, they demonstrated the overall stable flow behavior under choked conditions. With additional numerical investigations, phenomena during the onset of the choked condition were clarified. Furthermore, a simple correlation for the calculation of the actual flow rate during the choked condition, including a temperature correction was proposed. 相似文献