1，1－二氟乙烷与卤代甲烷的二元混合物在空气中不燃浓度的估计

ＨＦＣ１５２ａ与不燃卤代甲烷的二元混合物在空气中的爆炸浓度极限与卤代甲烷中卤素原子抵抗性总和∑Ｘ_ｉ有关，∑Ｘ_ｉ与卤代甲烷爆炸临界点及切点处浓度的对数呈线性关系，得到的经验公式可以估计ＨＦＣ１５２ａ与卤代甲烷及部分卤代乙烷的二元混合物在空气中的不燃浓度。     

卤代烷烃lgS和lgK_(ow)的拓扑学研究

应用半经验量子化学AM1法得到了36种卤代烷烃分子的优化构像,利用量子化学算法和分子图形学技术获得K ier指数、Kappa形状指数及连接性指数,将这些参数与卤代烷烃的性质关联,它们与36种卤代烷烃的辛醇/水分配系数的多元回归方程为:lgKow=-0.3400L 0.1771L 0.4440X-0.0982X 0.2794X 0.126K2 0.920;与其溶解度的多元回归方程为:lgSw=-0.4470L 0.1681L 1.7470X-1.0621X-0.8322X 0.5586X 0.269K2-0.684。两个方程的相关系数均在0.94以上。     

铜酞菁的卤化反应及颜料化技术

本文较系统地论述了铜酞菁的卤代反应，制备不同卤代铜酞菁的方法，铜酞菁的低氯代的反应历程；高氯代铜酞菁及氯、溴混合卤代铜酞菁的制备方法及影响因素。并介绍了不同卤代铜酞菁产品的表面处理及颜料化技术。     

铜酞菁的卤化反应及颜料化技术

本文较系统地论述了铜酞菁的卤代反应，制备不同卤代铜酞菁的方法，铜酞菁的低氯代的反应在程；高氯代铜酞菁及氮、溴混合卤代酮酞菁的制备方法及影响因素。并介绍了不同卤代铜酞菁产品的表面处理及颜料化技术。     

丙酮、水、异丁醛的相平衡

本文测定了760毫米汞柱下丙酮-水-异丁醛体系的二元和三元的汽液平衡以及沸点下液液平衡数据,并用NRTL方程与多参数Wilson方程分别进行关联与计算,根据从二元体系的相平衡数据回归得到的三组二元参数来计算三元汽液平衡,均获得令人满意的一致结果。对于NRTL方程和多参数Wilson方程各建议了一套最佳的二元参数,可以满足设计丙酮-水-异丁醛分离设备的要求。     

卤代环戊烷合成工艺研究进展

综述了环戊醇羟基取代法、环戊烯加成法及环戊烷氢原子与卤原子交换法合成卤代环戊烷工艺路线，以环戊醇为原料合成卤代环戊烷是比较常用的合成方法。环戊烷与二卤甲烷、SbF5或三卤化铝反应也可用于卤代环戊烷的合成。两种合成工艺所需的原料或试剂昂贵，副产物较多，不适宜工业生产。环戊烯与氢卤素加成反应制备卤代环戊烷，工艺流程简单，原料经济，收率高，易实现工业化。     

以卤代盐减耗降本,创建节约型盐碱企业

简述了以卤代盐制碱是必然的发展趋势，讨论了有关技术问题。进行了卤水和盐的生产成本分析和以卤代盐的经济效益及社会效益分析。提出了以卤代盐制碱的设想。     

国内化学工程文献摘要

<正> 本工作从Wilson参数的物理意义出发,用纯组分液体的摩尔内能,导出了一个单参数的Wilson方程。用导得的方程对三十多个各种类型的体系(包括烃、醇、醚、醛、酮、酯及卤代物)的汽液平衡数据进行关联和推算,结果表明,非极性、弱极性及部分极性体系,关联和推算结果均较为满意。     

甲基二氯硅烷+甲基三氯硅烷+二甲基二氯硅烷+苯多元系常压汽液平衡研究

卤代硅烷的相平衡数据为硅烷生产所需,而这方面的研究又较缺乏,尤其是甲基乙烯基二氯硅烷生产中所需的汽液相平衡数据尚未见报道.今用新型泵式沸点仪测定了常压(101.325 kPa)下甲基二氯硅烷 甲基三氯硅烷 二甲基二氯硅烷 苯四元系及其四个三元体系和六个二元体系在不同液相组成时的泡点.由所测的二元系数据,用过量自由焓Q函数间接法推算了与之平衡的汽相组成.再用最小二乘法求出二元体系的最佳配偶液相活度系数模型参数.所得的六组最佳二元系Wilson模型参数符合热力学一致性,并用于该体系三元和四元系汽液相平衡数据的预测,将计算的泡点与实验测得的泡点作了比较,其拟合精度良好,关联结果令人满意,硅烷二元系、多元系的热力学模型及VLE数据可为该体系的分离设计提供必要的理论依据.     

碲氢化钠作用下α－卤代酰胺的选择脱卤反应

各种α－卤代乙酰胺在啼氢化钠作用下以良好的产率生成脱卤产物。多卤代乙酰胺也可顺利脱卤。条件温和，操作简便，产率较高。     

六氟丙烯的蒸汽压

六氟丙烯的蒸汽压李昌圣冯耀声吴兆立（浙江大学化工系，杭州３１００２７）关键词蒸汽压六氟丙烯１前言六氟丙烯是氟利昂２２裂解制四氟乙烯过程中的主要副产物，而且四氟乙烯和六氟丙烯的共聚物（ＴｅｆｌｏｎＦＥＰ）和聚四氟乙烯一样是性能优良的工程塑料，具有卓越...     

Vapor Pressure of Explosives: A Critical Review

A critical review of vapor pressure data for military, civilian, and homemade explosives, explosive precursors, and explosive taggants is presented. It gives reference to a large number of papers and reports presenting original vapor pressure measurements and additionally an overview of measurements techniques for vapor pressure measurements and data analysis of vapor pressure measurements. Vapor pressure data, including Clausius–Clapeyron parameters (A and B in: log10(p)=A−B/T), calculated vapor pressure at room temperature, and heat of sublimation or heat of vaporization are included. The following classes of compounds are treated; military explosives (TNT, RDX, HMX, PETN, HNS, TATB, AP), civilian explosives (NG, EGDN, AN), explosive taggants (EGDN, DNMB, 2‐NT, 4‐NT), home‐made explosives (TATP, DADP, HMTD). and explosive precursors [HP(aq), NM, IPN, DNT].     

Calculation of Vapor‐Liquid Equilibrium Data of Binary Mixtures Using Vapor Pressure Data

The design of plants or unit operations requires the knowledge of data for multicomponent systems. An approach is presented for the regression of binary interaction parameters required for the calculation of activity coefficients. Binary vapor pressure data are used to correlate these parameters for calculation of vapour/liquid equilibrium data. The advantage of the approach is the fact that only easily measured vapor pressure data are required. The procedure is demonstrated by means of two binary mixtures. Parameter regression, prediction of vapour/liquid equilibrium data as well as their experimental verification are demonstrated.     

A New Method for Determining the Vapor Pressure of Nitroglycerine Above Solid Rocket Propellants

Measuring the vapor pressure of compounds such as nitroglycerine (NG) which have a low volatility has not been a straightforward task in the past. There are a wide range of values in the literature for the vapor pressure of NG and furthermore, there is little information regarding the vapor pressure of this compound above solid rocket propellant formulations. We have devised a new method for determining the vapor pressure of NG both above the pure material and solids containing this nitrate ester. The values obtained for pure liquid NG are in good agreement with some previously published values. It was also found that the vapor pressure of this compound is slightly lowered when it is incorporated into solid rocket propellant formulations.     

Vapor and Liquid Phase Ozonation of Benzene

A comparative study is made of the benzene-ozone reaction in the gaseous and aqueous phase reactors at atmospheric pressure and 25°C. The vapor phase ozonation of benzene is first order in ozone and independent of benzene concentration. In distilled water (pH ranging from 5.2 to 5.4), the reaction is one-half order with respect to both concentrations of dissolved benzene and ozone. The overall rate constants are 0.0011 and 2.67 s^?1, respectively, in the vapor and liquid phase reactions. Results of this study suggest that it is technically feasible to remove benzene from a gas stream by the ozonation process, although the reaction rate is slow.     

炭黑/水性聚氨酯复合材料的制备与气敏性能研究

在环境友好的水性聚氨酯（WPU）基体乳化前加入导电填料炭黑（CB），制备了CB／WPU气敏复合材料，并研究了其气敏响应和吸收行为。研究表明，CB／WPU复合材料对有机溶剂蒸气的吸收量与气敏响应度之间没有定量关系，气敏响应时间要比吸收平衡时间小得多，当吸收尚未达到平衡时，复合材料的电阻早已达到最大值。气敏响应度的大小与有机溶剂的溶度参数尤其极性分量有关，基体和溶剂的总溶度参数相差越小，气敏响应度越大。     

蒸汽相法合成沸石的研究进展

蒸汽相法是１９９０年发明的一种合成沸石的新方法。根据反应方式和采用的结构导向剂的不同,有ＶＰＴ（ｖａｐｏｒ－ｐｈａｓｅ ｔｒａｎｓｐｏｒｔ）和ＤＧＣ（ｄｒｙ ｇｅｌ ｃｏｎｖｅｒｓｉｏｎ）两种方法。蒸汽相法因节省大量有机模板剂、成本低廉、工艺简单、避免有机物污染、对环境基本无害,具有广泛的工业应用价值。     

Optimization of Vapor Compression for Cost Savings in Drying Processes

Energy saving from vapor compression entails additional costs for the vapor compressors and larger heating surfaces of the drier. Thus, they are offset to a certain degree. An analytically solvable mathematical model is presented for determining the maximum cost savings with the optimum pressure ratio of the compression. According to this, the maximum cost savings depends only on five parameters, namely, the specific cost ratios of drier to fuel and compressors to fuel, the price ratio of power and fuel, the difference between the moisture contents of the inlet and outlet of the drier and the pressure level inside the drier. Above dy = 1 kg_H2O/kg_DS (DS – dry substance) the specific cost ratio of drier to fuel proves to be dominant and thus decisively determines the optimum pressure ratio. Hence, one can explain why, e.g., in the case of brown coal drying higher pressure ratios are required than in the case of sludge drying and here again higher ones than in the case of evaporization processes for liquids.     

Determination of Urea Nitrate and Guanidine Nitrate Vapor Pressures by Isothermal Thermogravimetry

Since the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland in 1988, detection of military explosives has received much attention. Only in the last few years has detection of improvised explosives become a priority. Many detection methods require that the particulate or vapor be available. Elsewhere we have reported the vapor pressures of peroxide explosives triacetone triperoxide (TATP), diacetone diperoxide (DADP), and 2,4,6‐trinitrotoluene (TNT). Herein we examine the vapor signatures of the nitrate salts of urea and guanidine (UN and GN, respectively), and compare them to ammonium nitrate (AN) and TATP using an isothermal thermo‐gravimetric method. The vapor signatures of the nitrate salts are assumed to be the vapor pressures of the neutral parent base and nitric acid. Studies were performed at elevated temperatures (80–120 °C for UN, 205–225 °C for GN, 100–160 °C for AN, and 40–59 °C for TATP), enthalpies of sublimation calculated and vapor pressures extrapolated to room temperature. Reported vapor pressure values (in Pa) are as follows: GN ≪UN <AN ≪TATP 2.66×10⁻¹⁸ 3.94×10⁻⁵ 5.98×10⁻⁴ 24.8     

复杂烃类混合物的蒸汽热容

设计和建立适合于多元物系的金属结构气体流动量热计，经标准物质标定，测量误差小于０．７％。测定１４复杂烃类混合物－石油馏分于不同温度时的蒸汽热容。讨论蒸汽热容与温度及馏分物性间的关系，给出相应关联式。考察了美国ＡＰＩ计算方法对国产原油蒸汽热容的适用性。