界面酸碱作用对粘接性能的贡献

通过测定非极性液体,酸性液体及碱性液体在聚合物表面的接触角,并计算液／固接触体系界面粘附功的酸碱作用成分,考察了MMA一天然橡胶接枝聚合物,AAM（AA）一天然橡胶接枝聚合物及以酸、碱性偶联刑改性的硅橡胶胶料表面对酸碱性液体的酸碱配位作用;另外,测定了改性硅橡胶胶粘剂对酸、碱性的基材的粘接力,讨论了界面酸碱作用对粘接性能的贡献。     

表面、界面的作用与粘接机理(一)

表面、界面的作用，对粘接过程有很大的贡献。本文介绍了材料表面、界面的湿润与吸附作用对粘接的影响，内容包括表面张力与界面张力，接触角，固体材料表面能的测算，湿润与湿润速度，粘附功与粘附界面的稳定性，粘附与吸附作用的对照等。     

界面粘接对填充复合材料力学性能的影响

利用原位聚合的方法将聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）包覆在滑石粉的表面,制得了含PMMA粘接层的滑石粉／PVC复合材料。聚合物粘接层类似于粘接材料的粘接剂的作用,它很好地改善了复合材料的界面粘附性,提高了复合材料的机械强度,由于聚合物粘和基体聚合物的相互扩散以及界面内应力的存在,和昨合材料中存在一个最佳的聚合物粘接层。     

缩合型室温硫化硅橡胶的粘接性能及粘接机理分析

研究了缩合型单组分室温硫化硅橡胶（ＲＴＶ１）和缩合型双组分室温硫化硅橡胶（ＲＴＶ２）的粘接性能。结果表明：以苯胺甲基三乙氧基硅烷为交联剂的ＲＴＶ１具有良好的粘接性能;涂底胶可以提高ＲＴＶ２的粘接性能。应用溶液浸蚀法研究了室温硫化硅橡胶对多种被粘材料的界面相互作用,发现ＲＴＶ１对不锈钢的粘接力主要为色散力和酸碱作用,对铝合金的粘接力,除色散作用和酸碱作用外还有化学键作用。     

表面、界面的作用与粘接机理(二)

介绍了材料粘接过程界面区的酸碱作用与化学反应对粘接性能的贡献,其内容包括氢键力的作用,酸碱配位作用的考查,酸碱作用对粘接性能的影响和界面化学结合的形成途径及其对粘接性能的影响.     

表面、界面的作用与粘接机理〔二）

介绍了材料粘接过程界面区的酸碱作用与化学反应对粘接性能的贡献，其内容包括氢健力的作用，酸碱配位作用的考查，酸碱作用对粘接性能的影响和界面化学结合的形成途径及其对粘接性能的影响。     

连续玄武岩纤维改性方法的研究

简介了连续玄武岩纤维的性能与应用,重点阐述了偶联剂处理法、酸碱处理法、表面涂层法和低温等离子处理法4种常用的对连续玄武岩纤维改性研究方法的研究情况。表明无论采用偶联剂、酸碱、表面涂层和低温等离子处理法,都能有效改善纤维的表面性能,提高纤维与其它材质间的粘接性。指出对连续玄武岩纤维界面性质的基础研究深度不够,是限制连续玄武岩纤维界面改性方法开发和完善的主要原因。     

聚合物表面的润湿性及其应用

本文论述了真实聚合物表面的润湿性，聚合物表面张力的计算，界面张力的极性理论及酸碱理论，并对近年来材料表面的改性在聚合物中的应用进行了简要的评述。     

聚乙烯表面化学处理

在材料科学中,高分子材料表面改性是一个十分有意义的课题。聚合物—聚合物,聚合物—液体和聚合物—气体界面(表面)的化学性质对粘接性能、焊接性能、生物相容性,透气性能和界面亲合性都有十分明显的影响。聚乙烯是一种应用最广泛的塑料品     

多重相互作用协同增强水下胶粘剂的研究

水下粘接环境的复杂性导致水下胶粘剂的发展面临更多的挑战。如何快速有效地破坏界面水合层的同时，实现胶粘剂与被粘接界面强力粘接，是目前水下胶粘剂面临的两大困难。在本研究中，通过光引发自由基共聚的方式制备了甲基丙烯酸苄基酯（BMA）和[1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑双三氟甲磺酰亚胺盐][甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基铵盐]（[MATA+][TFSI-]）无规共聚物，并通过引入离子液体的策略构建了具有多重相互作用的聚合物/离子液体复合物。通过改变两种单体的物质的量之比以及离子液体的含量，实现了对其杨氏模量、断裂强度和断裂韧性的可控调控。该聚合物/离子液体复合物内部丰富的多重相互作用可以实现在水下对多种物质表面的强力粘接，包括金属（不锈钢、金属铝）、无机非金属（玻璃）、极性聚合物（聚酰亚胺）和非极性聚合物（聚丙烯、聚四氟乙烯）等多种类型的基底，其中与不锈钢的粘接强度达到了250 kPa，远高于其他报道的水下胶粘剂的粘接强度。本研究提出的构建多重相互作用策略对发展水下胶粘剂具有一定的指导意义。     

Understanding the Affinity between Components of Wood–Plastic Composites from a Surface Energy Perspective

To evaluate surface compatibility in wood-plastic composites (WPCs), the dispersion and acid–base components of surface energy of various thermoplastic resins (matrices) and several wood-based reinforcing materials were determined using inverse gas chromatography (IGC). Polypropylene (PP), nylon 6, poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), poly(trimethyl terephthalate) (PTT), high impact polystyrene (HIPS), and styrene maleic anhydride (SMA) were used as thermoplastic resins, while wood flour (hot water extracted and un-extracted), microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) (50 μm and 90 μm), α-cellulose (60 μm), and silicified microcrystalline cellulose (SMCC) (60 μm) were used as reinforcing materials. All matrices and reinforcing components were exposed to low vapor concentrations of apolar (decane, heptane, nonane, octane) and polar (chloroform, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, acetone, and tetrahydrofuran) probes. Methane and helium were employed as reference and carrier gases, respectively. IGC retention times were used to determine the acid–base component of surface energy of the analyzed materials. The corresponding surface energy, work of adhesion, and work of cohesionwere calculated based on the van Oss–Chaudhury–Good approach (acid–base and Lifshitz–van der Waals interactions). Composite performance was analyzed by measuring tensile and flexural strengths according to ASTM standards. The results indicated that for the same type of filler (assuming similar shape and dimensions), the mechanical properties of the composites increased when the ratio of the work of adhesion to the work of cohesion increased. A similar trend was observed when the thermoplastic resin employed to create the composite possessed an acid–base component of surface energy greater than zero.     

Influence of casting substrate on the acid–base interaction energies of various polyesters

The acid–base surface characteristics of four polyesters: poly( -lactic acid) (PLLA), poly( -lactic acid) (PDLLA), polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and copoly(hydroxy butyrate–20% hydroxyvalerate)P(HB–20% HV) have been determined from contact angle and surface tension experimental data. Smooth surfaced polyester films were prepared by solution casting against a number of substrates ranging from high surface energy (aluminium, mercury, glass and freshly-cleaved mica) to low surface energy (poly(ethyleneterephthalate)(PET), poly(tetrafluoroethylene)(PTFE) and dry nitrogen gas).

Results show that the acid–base interaction energy of the polyester surface is dependent on the casting substrate and ageing time. For a particular casting substrate, the equilibrium acid–base interaction energy between a polyester surface and an acidic liquid decreases in the order: PDLLA; PLLA; PHB; P(HB–20%HV).

The time dependence of the acid–base interaction energy is interpreted in terms of orientation of surface acidic or basic sites. Furthermore, detailed results suggest that the initial acidic or basic character of the cast polyester surface is influenced by the acid/base surface properties of the casting substrates.     

Adsorption of Sulfonic Acid Doped Poly(vinyl chloride) on Barium Ferrite Particles

Adsorption of sulfonic acid doped poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC–SO₃H) and poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) on barium ferrite particles is described. The maximum surface adsorption of PVC–SO₃H on barium ferrite was twice that of PVC. Surface chemical interaction between the sulfonic acid groups and barium ferrite surfaces was examined by adsorption of toluene-4-sulfonic acid. Sulfonic acid groups were found to adsorb selectively on both Ba–OH and Fe–OH sites by an acid–base interaction. Increasing the hydroxyl content on the barium ferrite surface creates increased dispersion stability in the presence of sulfonic acid doped PVC.     

稀土化合物在水体除氟技术中应用研究的进展

本文评述了近年来稀土化合物在水体除氟技术中应用研究的进展。介绍了国内外开发出的几种新型的稀土化合物除氟材料,并对其除氟性能进行了比较。     

Surface modification strategies for multicomponent polymer systems. III: Effect of diblock copolymer‐modified rutile on the morphology and mechanical properties of LLDPE/PVC blends

Rutile pigment was surface‐modified by the adsorption of various diblock copolymers and used as a component in two‐ and three‐component polymer blends involving the incompatible pair of linear, low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE) and poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). Stress–strain analyses and electron microscopy show that the copolymer tethered to the rutile surface affects both mechanical and morphological properties of the blends. Inverse gas chromatography was used to evaluate dispersion surface energies and acid–base interaction parameters of the various solids. The mechanical and morphological characteristics of the blends can be rationalized by the concepts of acid–base and dispersion–force interaction. Of the copolymer modifiers used, the diblock based on polyisoprene and poly(4‐vinyl pyridine) (PIP‐P4VP) was best suited for use in LLDPE/PVC blends, ostensibly because of strong acid–base interaction between PVC and P4VP and mechanical interlocking between LLDPE and the PIP moiety. The properties of ternary blends were shown to be dependent on the method used for mixing the components. All mixing procedures used here resulted in time‐dependent variations of mechanical properties, suggesting that none gave rise to equilibrium morphology in the compounds. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 81: 1891–1901, 2001     

Composition and surface energy characteristics of new petroleum resins

We investigated the composition and surface energy properties—the surface free energy, acid–base and dispersive components, acid and base parameters (according to the van Oss–Chaudhury–Good method) and acidity parameter (according to the Berger method) for several types of aromatic petroleum resins (PR). We could see that the Berger, nonlinear systems, and spatial methods provide slightly different information about the acid–base properties of PRs. For acid–base properties, relevant proton content was determined for each sample by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Correlations between the composition and surface characteristics of the studied aromatic PR have been revealed. According to the data obtained from the acid–base approach and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we can predict the possible combinations of PR–polymer with the best interface interaction, which can lead to high mechanical properties. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 57:1028–1032, 2017. © 2016 Society of Plastics Engineers     

聚(α-甲基苯乙烯/甲基丙烯酸丁酯)无皂乳液的合成与性能

以聚(甲基丙烯酸丁酯/丙烯酸钠)[P(BMA/AANa)]低聚物为乳化剂,合成了无皂聚(α-甲基苯乙烯/甲基丙烯酸丁酯)P(AMS/BMA)乳液,考察了P(BMA/AANa)用量、AMS和BMA配比对无皂乳液电解质稳定性、冻融稳定性和高温稳定性以及成膜耐水性的影响。当P(BMA/AANa)37%(质量分数,下同),AMS和BMA总量18.5%,m(AMS)∶m(BMA)=1.0∶1.5,(NH4)2S2O80.3%,反应温度70～75℃,反应时间3 h时,合成乳液冻融指数为5,60℃下保温120 h无变化,涂膜剥落或起皱的时间为67 h,w[P(AMS/BMA)]=0.1%的乳液加入c(KCl)=0～2.5 mol/L的氯化钾水溶液中,透光度为41%～42%,表明乳液具有较好的性能。     

Surface properties and dissolution kinetics of tea polyphenols

The surface properties and dissolution kinetics of tea polyphenols, TP, with different polyphenol percents, e.g. at about 80, 90, and 100%, were studied. The surface free energy of TP was found in the range of 39–44 mN/m directly proportional to the polyphenol percent, and dominated by the Lifshitz–van der Waals interaction component. TP is strong in Lewis base and weak in Lewis acid, and the Lewis acid–base interaction component was increased with the polyphenol percent increase. The dissolution of TP in water can be enhanced by increasing both the polyphenol percent and temperature, and this process follows the second-order kinetics model. The dissolution of TP in DMF has been found unlike in water due to ignoring the polyphenol percent variety.     

Partition coefficients for a mixture of two lubricant oligomers

Universal base oils that remain pourable over wide temperature ranges would have important advantages for lubrication applications. The model system used in this project was a poly(α‐olefin) synthetic base oil modified with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to lower the pour‐point temperature. Although the blend was miscible at room temperature, phase separation occurred at temperatures lower than 258 K. Partition coefficients of such nonideal oligomer mixtures can (1) help define operating temperature ranges and (2) provide a basis for designing molecular weight distributions of each lubricant that control or prevent phase separation. The poly(α‐olefin) base oil family is branched oligomers with two to five n‐mers at levels greater than 1 wt %, whereas PDMS additives are linear oligomers having between 10 and 50 sequential n‐mers at levels greater than 0.5 wt %. In this study, Fourier transform infrared measurements of the poly(α‐olefin) and PDMS compositions in each phase provided an overall material balance. Poly(α‐olefin) oligomers were detected with size exclusion chromatography with a differential refractive‐index detector, and PDMS oligomers were detected with matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization–time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. The best sets of measurements for the individual oligomers in each phase were selected by minimization of the overall material balance errors. For both oligomers, components with high molecular weights were preferentially excluded from the phase rich in the other polymer and were relatively independent of temperature. The partition coefficients of poly(α‐olefin) components increased with increasing oligomer length, whereas the partition coefficients of the PDMS components decreased with increasing oligomer length. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

Effect of different skin permeation enhancers on tack of a pressure sensitive adhesive

Solutions of an acrylic copolymer pressure sensitive adhesive with different concentrations of propylene glycol (PG) and oleic acid (OA) were cast on a PET film. A rolling ball tack test was carried out on the adhesive coated tapes with different thicknesses. The results were explained on the basis of the surface (energy and roughness) and viscoelastic properties of the copolymer, which were related to the glass‐transition temperature. The 60‐μm PG samples with an approximately equal glass‐transition temperature and surface energy did not have a significantly different tack value. The tack value of the 30‐μm tapes decreased with PG concentrations above 15% (w/w), which was related to an increase in the surface roughness with a more prominent effect at the lower thickness. OA, which improved both the surface and viscoelastic properties, increased the tack value up to 15% (w/w). However, the tack value decreased above 15% (w/w). This was explained on the basis of OA large crystals, which can decrease viscoelastic energy dissipations and form a mechanically weak surface layer. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 1287–1291, 2005