铝合金的搅拌摩擦焊

在详细介绍搅拌摩擦焊原理，特点的基础上，针对铝合金的搅拌摩擦焊特点，性能以及工业应用进行了阐述，并且对搅拌摩擦焊在中国市场的发展和应用作了简略介绍和预测。     

搅拌摩擦焊的原理与应用

搅拌摩擦焊是摩擦焊方法的新发展,是英国焊接研究所提出的专利技术。它可以对多种熔化焊接性差的有色金属等材料进行可靠的连接,而且连接工艺简单、并有较好的工艺适应性。现已开始应用在航空航天与交通运输等领域的结构铸造,并显示良好的工程应用前景,本文主要介绍了搅拌摩擦焊的方法,过程和特点。     

摩擦搅拌焊新工艺发展与应用

介绍了摩擦搅拌焊接工艺的现状，特点、优缺点，应用及发展前景。     

搅拌摩擦焊的应用现状及发展前景

介绍了搅拌摩擦焊(Friction Stir Welding-FSW)的工艺过程，分析了搅拌摩擦焊接过程的优缺点以及适用材料的研究现状。对搅拌摩擦焊在国外各个行业的应用作了简要的描述。     

解决运载工具铝合金焊接难题的新途径--搅拌摩擦焊

阐述了采用铝合金焊接结构制造运载工具的必要性和效果，论述了铝合金焊接运载工具的机械性能试验结果并分析其焊接中的难题。介绍了用搅拌摩擦焊解决铝合金焊接难题的新途径及其主要原因。     

搅拌摩擦焊及其研究现状

搅拌摩擦焊是20世纪90年代初发明的一种固相连接技术，可以焊接通常 熔焊方法难以焊接的铝合金、钛合金等，并且具有一系列独特的优点，介绍了搅拌摩擦焊的工艺过程，分析了搅拌摩擦焊的特点、焊缝组织和性能以及影响搅拌摩擦焊的因素，综述了搅拌摩擦焊的国内外研究现状。     

铝合金船舶的搅拌摩擦焊接工艺

0 引言 由英国焊接研究所(TWI)发明的搅拌摩擦焊(Friction Stir Welding简称FSW),是用一种利用耐磨的旋转工具将铝、镁和铜的板材或型材材料连接的工艺.     

铝合金材料搅拌摩擦焊焊接参数概述

概述了铝合金材料搅拌摩擦焊的焊接原理以及搅拌头形状、材料、焊接工艺参数等对接头成形及性能的影响,学习和应用相关知识,为后续铝合金材料搅拌摩擦焊提供试验依据、理论指导和技术支持.     

搅拌摩擦焊及其变体工艺

对于搅拌摩擦焊过程中存在的一些不足,研究人员通常以优化搅拌头的几何形状、优化焊接参数组合、改善焊接区温度场等方式展开创新研究,这些都为其变体工艺的开发奠定了基础。常见FSW的变体有AFSW,FSSW,SSFSW,SRFSW,FSC,FSP等,对其变体进行了调查,概述了常见变体的原理、国内外研究及应用,并对该领域的未来发展进行了展望。     

LF5铝合金搅拌摩擦焊工艺及性能研究

搅拌摩擦焊（Friction Stir Welding，简称FSW）是20世纪90年代新出现的一种新型的固态塑化连接工艺。对于用熔化焊难于焊接的有色金属，其应用潜力较大。针对我国常用的LF5铝合金，试验研究了该铝合金的搅拌摩擦焊工艺和主要工艺参数对焊缝成形和接头力学性能的影响。试验表明：当ω/υ为一定值，在一定的工艺范围内，焊缝的机械性能随着ω的增加而增加，当工艺参数取得最佳值时，接头的抗拉强度可达到母材的90%以上，延伸率可达到母材的80%以上。     

搅拌摩擦点焊技术及其在工业领域中的应用

搅拌摩擦点焊技术是一种新型固相焊接技术,具有接头质量高、缺陷少、变形小等优点,在焊接铝、镁等轻合金及其他新型材料方面优势明显,将替代传统电阻点焊和铆接技术,成为工业中最主要的制造方法之一,在工业制造领域具有广阔的应用前景,对于提高我国工业制造水平和实力、降低生产成本具有重要的意义.     

Friction stir welding (FSW) process

A method for evaluating the microstructural stress–strain relationship of materials, using a triangular pyramidal indenter, is proposed in order to investigate the mechanical properties of steels and weld zones. An existing evaluation method, using a ball indenter, is correspondingly applied to the evaluation method using a triangular pyramidal indenter because the strain distribution under the indenter or the indentation curve on the unloading process between the ball and pyramidal indentation has a similarity. A corresponding ball indenter whose projection area is equal to that of the triangular pyramidal indenter is used to replace the triangular pyramidal indentation with the ball indentation, and the representative stress and strain that express the complicated deformation under the indenter are determined. The stress–strain relationships of single-phase steels in microstructural size are estimated by the proposed method, and on average correspond with those measured by macro-tensile tests. The difference in the stress–strain relationships due to the difference of the crystal orientation of each grain is possibly negligible with this method. It is expected to clearly estimate the difference in the stress–strain relationship of each phase in, for example, dual-phase steels by the proposed method.     

2195铝锂合金搅拌摩擦焊工艺

试验研究了8 mm厚2195-T8铝锂合金板材搅拌摩擦焊工艺,分析了不同搅拌针结构设计对焊缝内部质量的影响,研究了工艺参数对接头表面成形的影响,测试了接头的力学性能。结果表明,使用圆锥螺纹+三个斜面结构的搅拌针焊接,接头内部质量更好;在室温和低温(-196 ℃)条件下,接头抗拉强度和断后伸长率都呈现出随焊接速度的增加先增加后减少的趋势,当焊接速度为100 mm/min时,室温和低温(-196 ℃)下接头抗拉强度、断后伸长率都达到最高值,接头抗拉强度分别为428 MPa,538 MPa,断后伸长率分别为4.9%,7.4%;接头断裂位置位于热影响区,断口呈45°剪切断裂,断裂部位有明显颈缩。     

搅拌摩擦点焊

搅拌摩擦点焊(FSSw)是一种最近研究开发出来的新焊接技术.同目前的电阻点焊相比,该方法是具有节能、设备简单、焊点强度高、变形小、焊前表面清理简单,可以焊接厚度差别大的材料,特别适用于高强度铝合金的焊接.重点介绍该技术的基本原理、优缺点、焊接设备,对几种典型铝合金的焊接工艺参数、接头强度和组织等进行了比较详细的分析,从而对该技术有一个全面的了解.     

7055铝合金搅拌摩擦焊工艺

利用正交试验法研究搅拌摩擦焊工艺参数对4 mm厚7055-T6铝合金对接接头力学性能和显微组织的影响。结果表明:焊接速度对接头抗拉强度影响最大,旋转速度和压入量依次减小;最优参数焊接的试样的抗拉强度为475.5 MPa,接头强度系数0.788;焊缝的显微硬度低于母材,呈"W型"分布;在正弯角约75.4°和背弯角约62.1°时出现开裂。     

Friction model for friction stir welding process simulation: Calibrations from welding experiments

The accurate 3D finite element simulation of the Friction Stir Welding (FSW) process requires a proper knowledge of both material and interface behaviors, but friction, the key phenomenon of this process, is quite difficult to model and identify. According to the extreme encountered conditions and the highly coupled nature of the material flow, simple tribological tests are not representative enough, so the welding process itself has been utilized in most analyses of the literature, although its complexity has led to use simplified numerical models and approaches. The recent development of more accurate 3D simulation software, which allows modeling the entire complexity of the FSW process, makes it possible to follow a much more rigorous inverse analysis (or calibration) approach. FSW trials are conducted on an Al 6061 aluminum plate with an unthreaded concave tool. Forces and tool temperatures are accurately recorded at steady welding state, for different welding speeds. The numerical simulations are based on an Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) formulation that has been implemented in the Forge3^® F.E. software. The main feature of the numerical approach is to accurately compute the contact and frictional surface between the plate and the tool. A first study using Norton's friction model show the great sensitivity of welding forces and tool temperatures to friction coefficients, the need to take into account the changes brought to the contact surface by slight friction variations (thanks to the ALE formulation), the possibility to get very accurate calibrations on forces, and the impossibility to properly render the tool temperature profile. On the other hand, the use of Coulomb's friction model allows obtaining realistic temperature profiles and so calibrating a friction coefficient that offers an excellent agreement with experiments, on forces as much as on tool temperatures, for various welding speeds.     

异种材料及复合热源搅拌摩擦焊

在对接和搭接方式中,异种材料搅拌摩擦焊相较于同种材料分别具有一些额外的焊接参数,并且对搅拌头材料也有更苛刻的使用要求。总结近年来异种材料搅拌摩擦焊的研究现状,介绍异种材料搅拌摩擦焊过程中脆性金属间化合物的生成及其对焊接接头的力学性能产生的影响。从金属流动机理和数值模拟方面,研究金属间化合物的生成和成长规律,给出针对金属间化合物可能的解决方法。针对高熔点焊材,介绍复合热源搅拌摩擦焊技术、常用的辅助热源以及复合热源搅拌摩擦焊在异种材料搅拌摩擦焊方面的优点和研究的不足之处。