低纯材料制备Cu-Zr基非晶合金

Cu-Zr基非晶合金的玻璃形成能力与原材料中的氧和其他非金属杂质非常敏感。采用低纯材料通过铜模吸铸法制备Cu45Zr47Al8非晶合金,研究杂质对Cu-Zr基非晶合金玻璃形成能力和热稳定性的影响。用X射线衍射(XRD),透射电子显微镜(TEM)和能谱仪(EDS)分析合金组织结构及差示扫描量热法(DSC)分析合金的热稳定性。实验结果表明:低纯材料制备出临界直径7 mm以上的非晶合金。由于低纯材料中的一些微量杂质元素被认为合金化元素,适量的杂质元素没有导致合金的玻璃形成能力降低;而过量的氧和其他杂质元素导致非均匀形核并随之发生结晶,合金的玻璃形成能力明显地降低。低纯材料制备的合金的ΔTx和晶化激活能均高于高纯原料制备的;并基于Kissinger方法所构建的开始晶化曲线表明低纯材料制备的合金的晶化孕育期更长,说明低纯材料制备的合金具有更强的热稳定性。低纯材料成功制备出大块Cu-Zr基非晶合金,为促进非晶合金的商业应用有重要意义。     

粉末冶金工艺对大块非晶合金性能的影响

阐述了粉末冶金工艺参数对大块非晶性能的影响。通过在过冷温度区间进行超塑性成形，可以将非晶粉末固结成形为致密的大尺寸的非晶合金。在过冷温度区间进行超塑性成形时，压头的速度Ve，压头压力F，挤压比r，以及挤压过程中的温升△Te等工艺参数对大块非晶合金的成形性及随后的性能具有重要的影响。与直接凝固制备大块非晶的方法相比，该方法可以在非晶形成能力(GFA)相对较低的合金中获得较大尺寸的非晶合金。     

大块锆基非晶合金电化学耐腐蚀行为的试验研究

利用电化学极化曲线方法研究了Zr41Ti14Cu12．5Ni5Be22．5Fe5非晶合金及成分相同的晶化合金及纯Zr在硫酸溶液中的腐蚀行为。利用减重法研究了Zr41Ti14Cu12．5Ni5Be22．5Fe5非晶合金及成份相同的晶化合金在浓硫酸溶液中的腐蚀行为。极化曲线测试结果表明，非晶合金及成分相同的晶化合金与纯金属Zr有很大差异：非晶合金过钝化电位最高，钝化区最长，而纯金属Zr过钝化电位最低；钝化区也最短。减重试验表明，非晶合金的腐蚀速率是成分相同晶化合金的1/4。以上结果表明非晶合金拥有优良的耐腐蚀性能。     

超声振动对Zr基大块非晶合金结构与显微力学行为的影响

在室温条件下对铸态Zr52Cu23Al14.5Ni10.5大块非晶合金进行5 h超声振动处理,通过X射线衍射(XRD)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)、差示扫描量热分析(DSC)以及纳米压痕测试,研究长时间超声处理对大块Zr基非晶合金结构与显微力学行为的影响。结果表明,经过5 h超声振动处理后,Zr基非晶合金仍保留非晶态结构,没有发生晶化;超声振动对大块非晶合金的热力学特征温度如玻璃化转变温度(Tg)、晶化开始温度(Tx)以及晶化峰值温度(Tp)的影响都不大,但可诱导结构弛豫,使其自由体积明显减少;相比铸态合金,超声处理后的合金,其纳米压痕实验的载荷—位移曲线上的锯齿流变现象明显减少,显微硬度和弹性模量均明显提高,分别从铸态的5.7 GPa和102 GPa提高到6.5 GPa和122 GPa。表明超声振动处理是一种室温调控大块非晶合金力学性能的有效手段。     

AC-HVAF喷涂铁基非晶复合涂层结晶度的DSC法测定

利用活性燃烧高速燃气喷涂方法(AC-HVAF)制备出一种高非晶含量的Fe基非晶合金涂层.根据非晶合金相变的热力学原理可知部分晶化的非晶合金的晶化即为残留非晶相的转变,其相变热应正比于残留非晶相的相含量.采用不同的热处理工艺使喷涂的非晶涂层晶化,利用DSC分析法测定了热处理后涂层中的纳米晶体含量和部分晶化非晶合金涂层试样的相变热,计算了该涂层试样的结晶度.实验结果和理论预测基本相符.     

钛基非晶合金电子束焊接热力耦合模拟及非晶化

根据电子束焊接焊缝形貌特征及其深宽比大等特点,选用复合热源作为热源模型.通过线性插值等方式估计材料热力学参数随温度变化,模拟Ti基非晶合金电子束焊接温度场.模拟结果与实际焊缝取得良好的吻合,验证了热源模型的准确性.获得一定变量参数下电子束焊接钛基非晶合金温度场及热循环曲线.在温度场的基础上再进行焊接应力场的模拟,获得残余应力分布曲线.实验验证整个焊件没有晶化相析出,验证了该焊接工艺的可行性.      

金属玻璃的应用

Liquidmetal Technologies是全球第一家专门生产大块非晶合金的公司。此公司成立于1987年，被认为是较权威的国际非晶科技研究组织。由于液态金属技术不断发展，大块金属玻璃(BMG)已能应用在很多领域，如体育运动产品、电子产品、医药以及国防领域等。     

金刚石压机制备大块非晶及纳米晶材料

超高压固结成形方法是非常有应用前景的大块非晶制备方法之一。利用该技术在金刚石压机上对Al82Ni10Y8雾化合金粉末进行了致密化。通过X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和透射电镜对粉末及大块合金试样的物相、形貌及微观结构进行了分析，结果表明，所制备的块体材料保持了原始粉末状态的非晶及纳米晶结构。     

Pr基块体非晶的制备及特性研究

在铜模铸造条件下制备了直径5mm的P r61Cu19N i10A l10大块非晶合金,在普通DSC条件下观察了这种合金的玻璃转变温度。对制备的非晶合金进行晶化处理,测定了不同处理温度下的电阻率,观察了P r61Cu19N i10A l10块体合金的缓冷凝固组织。发现随晶化程度的增加,合金样品的电阻率下降,完全晶化后合金的电阻率比非晶态的电阻率低14%。P r61Cu19N i10A l10块体合金的缓冷凝固组织由大量细小规则的树枝状晶和少量共晶组织组成。     

半固态处理对(Cu_(0.7)Fe_(0.3))_(88-x)Al_(12)Zr_x非晶复合材料组织和力学性能的影响

对Cu-Fe非晶合金基复合材料进行了成分设计,研究了半固态处理工艺对(Cu0.7Fe0.3)88-xAl12Zrx组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,Zr含量增加能够提高(Cu0.7Fe0.3)88-xAl12Zrx的非晶形成能力,x=50时试样为全非晶结构,过热吸铸试样其过冷液相区宽度ΔTx为92.4 K,约化玻璃转变温度Trg和γ参数分别为0.415和0.361,试样具有良好的热稳定性和非晶形成能力,且其断裂强度显著高于复合材料,压缩断裂强度高达1734 MPa。x=10的试样中马氏体相对塑性的提高有一定效果,但是缺乏非晶基体的强度。随着Zr的添加,Fe的比例降低,试样中塑性相消失,析出脆性金属间化合物较多,试样脆性大。半固态处理试样的非晶热稳定性降低,有利于晶体相的析出,且母合金经半固态处理过后试样的组织更加均匀,力学性能得到明显改善。     

Fe60CoxZr10Mo5W2B23-x(x=1,3,5,7,9)块状金属玻璃的非晶形成能力

The bulk Fe60CoxZr10Mo5W2B23-x (x= 1, 3, 5, 7, 9) amorphous rods with diameters of1.5 mm were successfully prepared by copper mold casting method with the low purity raw materials.The amorphous and crystalline states, and thermal parameters, such as the glass transition temperature (Tg), the initial crystallization temperature (Tx), the supercooled liquid region (ΔTx = TxTg), the reduced glass transition temperature Trg (Tg/Tm, Tm: the onset temperature of melting of the alloy, and Tg/T1, T1 : the finished temperature of melting of the alloy) were investigated by X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis. Glass forming ability of Fe60CoxZr10Mo5W2B23-x (x=1, 3, 5, 7, 9)bulk metallic glasses has been studied. According to the results, the alloy (x=7) with the highest Trg (Tg/T1 =0. 607, Tg/T1 =0.590) value, has the strongest glass forming ability among these alloys because its composition is near eutectic composition.The wide supercooled liquid region over 72 K indicates the high thermal stability for this alloy system.This bulk metallic glass exhibits quite high strength (Hv 1020). The success of production of the Febased bulk metallic glass with industrial materials is of great significance for the future progress of basic research and practical application.     

Elastic deformation behavior of CuZrAlNb metallic glass matrix composites with different crystallization degrees

The room temperature brittleness has been a long standing problem in bulk metallic glasses realm.This has seriously limited the application potential of metallic glasses and their composites.The elastic deform-ation behaviors of metallic glass matrix composites are closely related to their plastic deformation states. The elastic deformation behaviors of Cu48-xZr48Al4Nbx(x=0, 3 at.%) metallic glass matrix composites (MGMCs) with different crystallization degrees were investigated using an in-situ digital image correlation (DIC) technique during tensile process.With decreasing crystallization degree, MGMC exhibits obvious elastic deformation ability and an increased tensile fracture strength.The notable tensile elasticity is attrib-uted to the larger shear strain heterogeneity emerging on the surface of the sample.This finding has impli-cations for the development of MGMCs with excellent tensile properties.     

Preparation and Mechanical Properties of Misch Metal Based Bulk Metallic Glasses

Bulk metallic glasses(BMGs)have been devel-oped in many alloy systems during past decade.Among these systems,rare-earth(RE)metal-basedBMGs are ones of those found earliest and with betterglass forming ability(GFA).For example,La-basedBMGs were the first a…     

Fabrication and Mechanical Characterization of Ti-Based Metallic Glass Matrix Composites by the Bridgman Solidification

In situ Ti-based metallic glass matrix composites are fabricated by the Bridgman solidification, and the mechanical properties are investigated. The fine dendrites about 2 to 10 μm are uniformly distributed in the glass matrix. The compressive results show that the composites have high strength and large plasticity. The fracture strength for the composite at the withdrawal velocity of 1.6 mm/s is as high as 3000 MPa and the total fracture strain is up to 31.5 pct. Particularly, the dendrite size of the current composite would decrease with the increasing of the withdrawal velocity, which leads to the higher yield strength.     

In-situ microfracture observation of strip-cast Zr-Ti-Cu-Ni-Be bulk metallic glass alloys

In this study, Zr-Ti-Cu-Ni-Be bulk metallic glass (BMG) alloys containing a small amount of crystalline phase particles were fabricated by strip casting, and their improvement of mechanical properties and fracture toughness was explained by direct observation of the microfracture process. The compressive and fracture toughness test results indicated that strength, strain to failure, and fracture toughness of the strip-cast BMG alloy containing coarse crystalline particles were higher than those of the as-cast monolithic BMG alloy or the strip-cast BMG alloy containing fine crystalline particles. From in-situ microfracture observations, the improvement of overall mechanical properties of the strip-cast BMG alloy containing coarse crystalline particles could be interpreted by taking consideration of both the existence of coarse crystalline particles and the role of the particles to block crack propagation and to form multiple shear bands. Such property improvement suggests new applicability of the strip-cast BMG alloys containing coarse crystalline particles, which can work as toughening and strengthening reinforcements, to structures and components requiring excellent mechanical properties.     

Tensile Mechanical Behaviors of In Situ Metallic Glass Matrix Composites at Ambient Temperature and in Supercooled Liquid Region

In this study, new Ti-based metallic glass matrix composites (MGMCs) are fabricated, which contains ~41 vol pct of large dendrites with a size of ~0.8 to 1.2 μm, The newly developed Ti-based MGMCs exhibit excellent tensile strength of ~1650 MPa and a tensile strain of ~2.5 pct at room temperature. During tensile deformation, the work hardening is scarcely found in this alloy. Thus, the deformation of the in situ MGMC is simply described with two stages: (1) elastic and (2) softening deformation stages. Two simple models are adapted to simulate each stage. In the supercooled liquid region [at 613 K (340 °C)], superplastic homogeneous deformation, which is the feature of monolithic bulk metallic glasses, is not observed. The mechanical properties at 613 K (340 °C) are sensitive to the strain rates, the yield strength drops from 1390 to 960 MPa, when the strain rate decreases from 1 × 10^?2 to 1 × 10^?3/s, while the displacement is almost increased by twofold.     

Cu基块体非晶合金的高温均匀塑性流变行为研究

本文选用非晶形成能力高,且在玻璃转变区和过冷液相区有高热稳定性的Cu46Zr47-x Al7块体非晶合金为研究对象,利用差示扫描量热分析（DSC）、高温真空压缩实验等方法,对其高温均匀塑性流变行为进行研究。结果表明,Cu46Zr47Al7块体非晶合金的高温均匀塑性形变行为依赖于温度和应变速率,随着温度的降低或应变速率的增大呈现出牛顿流变向非牛顿流变的转变,该行为可以用基于自由体积的过渡态理论来进行定量描述。根据过渡态理论拟合出来的驱动体积大致相当于25~50个原子,驱动能为551kJ/mol,说明控制合金高温均匀形变的原子不会脱离周围原子而单独跃迁,其扩散涉及到多原子的协同运动。     

Zirconium based bulk metallic glass / tungsten fibre composite — fabrication and characterization

The aim of the present work was to fabricate and characterize a composite consisting of Zr based bulk metallic glass as the matrix and W fibres as the reinforcement. This kind of composite because of its very high impact toughness has got widespread applications including in some strategic areas. The glass forming Zr₅₂Ti₆Al₁₀Cu₁₈Ni₁₄ (at%) alloy was selected for this purpose because of its high glass forming ability and tungsten was selected as the reinforcing medium because of its high melting point, non reactivity with the liquid phase and high strength. The composite was fabricated in a unique way where a preform of W wires was made and the glass forming alloy was vitrified with this preform as reinforcement using the copper mold casting technique The composite produced was characterized using optical microscopy and EPMA studies. Compression testing was done to evaluate the mechanical properties of the composite.     

Strip Casting of High Performance Structural Alloys

There exists a great need for the development of high performance alloys due to increasing demands for energy conservation and environmental protection. Application of strip casting shows a strong potential for the improvement of properties of existing alloys and also for the development of novel alloy systems with superior properties. The present paper reviews our Center's activities in the development of high performance alloys by strip casting. Examples include (1) Al alloys, (2) wrought Mg alloys, and (3) bulk metallic glass (BMG) alloys.