铁基复合材料碳化硅粒子混合尺寸增强作用机理

采用粉末冶金电流直加热动态热压烧结工艺,制备了混合尺寸粒子增强SiCp/Fe复合材料,研究了四种不同尺寸增强粒子的混合对铁基复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明,合理地设计混合尺寸强化粒子利于提高铁基复合材料的力学性能,标称粒度为13μm与23μm的粒子组合,增强粒子体积含量10%时,小粒子与大粒子的最佳质量混合比为2∶1,而含量为20%时最佳为1:1。与13μm单尺寸颗粒增强SiCp/Fe复合材料相比,采用最佳比例混合尺寸粒子增强,10%SiCp/Fe复合材料的抗拉强度提高了9.7%,而与23μm单尺寸颗粒增强复合材料相比,其抗拉强度提高了38.3%。混合尺寸粒子优良的增强作用是由于提高了复合材料的相对密度,减少增强粒子间的直接接触,有利于载荷从基体向强化粒子传递。     

SiCp/Al复合材料-半金属刹车材料干摩擦磨损性能研究

采用无压浸渗法制备15%(体积分数,下同),25%,35%,45%,55%的SiC颗粒(45,63μm)增强的铝基复合材料(SiCp/Al).在M-200型环块式磨损试验机上研究了SiCp/Al复合材料、灰铸铁(HT250)分别与半金属刹车材料配副的干摩擦磨损性能.结果表明,颗粒体积分数对复合材料摩擦系数的影响显著,而颗粒尺寸对复合材料摩擦系数影响不大.当颗粒体积分数从15%上升到55%时,SiCp(45μm)/Al复合材料的摩擦系数从0.319升高到0.385,提高20.7%,SiCp(63μm)/Al复合材料的摩擦系数从0.303升高到0.359,提高18.5%,且SiCp/Al复合材料摩擦系数的稳定性优于铸铁.HT250-刹车材料摩擦副的磨损率为7.09×10-6cm3m-1,是55%SiCp(45μm)/Al-刹车材料摩擦副的2.2倍,是55%SiCp(63μm)/Al-刹车材料摩擦副的2.7倍,SiCp/Al-刹车材料摩擦副的耐磨性明显优于铸铁-刹车材料摩擦副. SiCp/Al-刹车材料摩擦副的磨损率随着颗粒尺寸的增加而降低.     

颗粒尺寸对颗粒增强型金属基复合材料动态特性的影响

利用有限元模型分析了颗粒增强型金属基复合材料 ( PMMCs ) Al/SiC的颗粒尺寸对复合材料在不同应变率下的动态特性的影响。采用有限元三维立方体单胞模型嵌入单个和多个球形增强颗粒,颗粒直径分别为16 μ m和7.5 μ m,多颗粒模型内部颗粒随机分布。基体材料假设为弹塑性,应变强化及应变率强化均符合指数规律。模拟结果表明:颗粒尺寸、颗粒体积含量及应变率对金属基复合材料的动态特性的影响是相互耦合的。颗粒体积含量一定时,颗粒尺寸越小,复合材料流动应力越高;颗粒含量越高,材料流动应力越高;应变率越高,材料流动应力越高。      

铁基复合材料最佳烧结方式和最佳增强体含量的研究

探讨了制备颗粒增强铁基复合材料的最佳烧结方式和最佳增强体含量。结果显示,采用连续电流升温继而循环电流动态保温的烧结方式不仅缩短了烧结时间而且大大提高了材料性能;增强体所占体积分数分别为5%、10%、15%、20%时,铁基复合材料性能呈现出先上升后下降的规律,体积分数为10%~15%时材料性能最佳,此外,最佳增强效果的体积分数与粒度有关。     

杨木纤维尺寸对热压成型杨木纤维/高密度聚乙烯复合材料力学和蠕变性能的影响

采用热压成型法制备了4种不同尺寸, 即125~180 μm、180~425 μm、425~850 μm和850~2 000 μm的杨木纤维(PWF)/高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)复合材料, 并对PWF/HDPE复合材料进行了弯曲性能测试、冲击性能测试、动态热力学分析(DMA)、24 h蠕变-24 h回复测试和1 000 h长期蠕变测试。结果表明:PWF的尺寸过大或者过小均不利于提高PWF/HDPE复合材料的弯曲性能, 增强效果最好的是425~850 μm PWF/HDPE复合材料, 其弯曲强度达到26.71 MPa, 弹性模量达到2.73 GPa;PWF长度从180 μm增加到2 000 μm, PWF/HDPE复合材料的抗冲击性能变化不大;125~180 μm PWF/HDPE复合材料的抗冲击性能较差;短PWF/HDPE复合材料的抗蠕变性能较差, 不适合在长期负载的条件下工作, 而850~2 000 μm的长PWF/HDPE复合材料的抗长期蠕变性能最好, 且回复率最高, 为78.46%;1 000 h形变仅为0.809 mm, 对比其他尺寸的PWF/HDPE复合材料1 000 h 形变的平均值降低了48.00%。      

碳化硅增强铝基复合材料的力学性能和断裂机制

研究了碳化硅颗粒(SiCp)尺寸对用粉末冶金法制备体积分数为15%的SiCp/2009铝基复合材料力学性能和断裂机制的影响.结果表明,复合材料的强度随着SiCp尺寸的增大而减小,塑性则随着颗粒的增大而增大.当SiCp尺寸为1.5μm时,SiCp/2009A1复合材料的断裂主要以界面处撕裂和基体材料的开裂为主;当SiCp尺寸为20 μm时,复合材料的断裂主要以SiCp断裂为主;当SiCp尺寸处于两者之间时,SiCp/2009A1复合材料界面处撕裂和SiCp断裂的共同作用决定复合材料的断裂.     

原位自生TiCp/6061复合材料的组织、硬度及耐磨性能

采用接触反应法制备了原位自生Ti Cp/6061复合材料,利用XRD和SEM对复合材料进行物相分析及微观形貌观察,用6061铝合金基体材料作为对比,研究了增强粒子含量对复合材料硬度和摩擦磨损行为的影响。结果表明,采用接触反应法,以Ti粉、C粉和Al粉作为生成Ti C增强相的原材料,可直接在6061铝合金基体中原位生成Ti C颗粒,Ti C颗粒呈规则多边形,尺寸为0. 5～1μm。随着增强粒子含量的增加,原位自生Ti Cp/6061复合材料的硬度明显提高,T6热处理后5%(质量分数)的Ti Cp/6061复合材料的硬度为120. 5HBS,比基体6061铝合金提高了28. 1%。这是Ti C颗粒对6061基体材料的位错强化和细晶强化综合作用的结果。此外,随着增强粒子含量的提高,原位自生Ti Cp/6061复合材料的耐磨性也增强; T6热处理后,在100 N恒压作用下与GCR15材料对磨300 s,基体6061铝合金失重是5%(质量分数) Ti Cp/6061复合材料的2倍。其原因在于Ti C颗粒含量的提高减小了对磨材料与复合材料的有效接触面积,从而增强了原位自生Ti Cp/6061复合材料的耐磨性能。     

原位合成Mg2Sip/Al复合材料的组织及性能研究

采用熔体直接反应法成功制备了Mg2Sip/Al复合材料,研究了Mg2Si颗粒含量及530℃固溶6h+173℃时效5h热处理对复合材料组织和性能的影响,利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜等分析了复合材料的物相和显微组织,并测试了其力学性能。结果表明,随着Mg2Si颗粒含量的增加,在一定范围内,铸态复合材料基体的晶粒尺寸随之变小;热处理后Mg2Si颗粒名义含量4%(质量分数)的复合材料析出的二次相颗粒较名义含量5%(质量分数)的复合材料更多,二次相颗粒平均尺寸均约为4μm,且颗粒名义含量4%(质量分数)的复合材料热处理后抗拉强度和伸长率分别达到280MPa和9%,较热处理前分别提高了24.44%和63.64%     

SiC_P表面镀Ti改性对SiC_P/Al2014复合材料组织及力学性能的影响

采用盐浴镀的方法对SiC_P进行表面镀Ti处理,并通过搅拌铸造的方法制备了表面镀Ti改性SiC_P/Al2014复合材料。研究了镀Ti SiC_P的尺寸和体积分数对SiC_P/Al2014复合材料微观组织和力学性能的影响规律。结果表明:表面镀Ti处理能有效改善SiC_P在Al基体中的分散均匀性;但随着SiC_P体积分数提高,相同尺寸的镀Ti SiC_P在Al基体分散均匀性逐渐变差,当SiC_P体积分数相同时,其在Al基体中的分散均匀性随着SiC_P尺寸的增加逐渐变好。SiC_P尺寸相同时,SiC_P/Al2014复合材料的常温拉伸强度随颗粒体积分数的增加先增大后减小,SiC_P尺寸为5μm和10μm的SiC_P/Al2014复合材料抗拉强度在颗粒的体积分数为4%时达到最高,分别为524MPa和536MPa;SiC_P/Al2014复合材料的高温(493K)抗拉强度随着SiCp体积分数增加而增大,SiC_P尺寸为5μm和10μm的SiC_P/Al2014复合材料抗拉强度在颗粒体积分数为6%时达到最高,分别为308 MPa和320 MPa。     

SiCP/AZ91复合材料的显微组织、力学性能及强化机制

通过搅拌铸造工艺制备出SiC_P体积分数分别为2%、5%、10%和15%的4种5 μm SiC_P/镁合金（AZ91）复合材料。对5 μm SiC_P/AZ91进行了固溶、锻造和热挤压。通过与AZ91对比,研究了SiC_P对AZ91基体热变形后显微组织和力学性能的影响规律。结果表明：SiC_P/AZ91热变形后的晶粒尺寸取决于SiC_P的体积分数。SiC_P的体积分数由0%增加到10%时,SiC_P/AZ91热变形后的平均晶粒尺寸减小;当SiC_P颗粒继续增加到体积分数为15%时,平均晶粒尺寸反而增大。SiC_P的加入能显著提高AZ91的屈服强度和弹性模量,并随颗粒体积分数的增加而增大。SiC_P对AZ91基体的强化作用主要源于位错强化、细晶强化和载荷传递作用,其中,细晶强化对屈服强度的贡献最大。     

包覆混料对镀铜混合尺寸SiCp/Fe力学性能的影响

为探索提高SiCp/Fe力学性能的途径,采用包覆混料工艺,研究了该工艺对镀铜SiCp/Fe力学性能的影响,以及该工艺下增强粒子混合尺寸的影响.结果表明:包覆混料相比于普通混料,可显著改善SiC粒子在基体中分散的均匀性,而镀铜的作用是显著消除界面缺陷;性能的改善是包覆混料改善粒子分散性和镀铜改善界面结合的综合结果.对于体积分数30%SiCp/Fe的抗拉强度,通过包覆改善均匀性的贡献可提高7.2%,通过镀铜消除界面缺陷的贡献可提高12.5%,因此减少界面缺陷对颗粒增强复合材料力学性能的提高更重要.混合尺寸粒子对力学性能的增强效果明显高于其对应单一尺寸,这是由于小尺寸粒子能有效地提高基体的强度,而大尺寸颗粒更有效地承担载荷传递的作用.     

Fabrication of SiC particles-reinforced magnesium matrix composite by ultrasonic vibration

Magnesium matrix composites reinforced with two volume fractions (1 and 3%) of SiC particles (1 μm) were successfully fabricated by ultrasonic vibration. Compared with as-cast AZ91 alloy, with the addition of the SiC particles grain size of matrix decreased, while most of the phase Mg₁₇Al₁₂ varied from coarse plates to lamellar precipitates in the SiCp/AZ91 composites. With increasing volume fraction of the SiC particles, grains of matrix in the SiCp/AZ91 composites were gradually refined. The SiC particles were located mainly at grain boundaries in both 1 vol% SiCp/AZ91 composite and 3 vol% SiCp/AZ91 composite. SiC particles inside the particle clusters may be still separated by magnesium. The study of the interface between the SiC particle and the alloy matrix suggested that SiC particles bonded well with the alloy matrix without interfacial reaction. The ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation to fracture of the SiCp/AZ91 composites were simultaneously improved compared with that of the as-cast AZ91 alloy.     

Effect of dual size particle distribution on processing and properties of AZ91D/SiCp magnesium matrix composites prepared by rotation cylinder method

Abstract

Spiral fluidity and hardness and wear experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of dual size (5 and 50 μ m) SiC particle distributions on the fluidity, hardness, and wear resistance of Mg - 9.1Al - 0.7Zn (wt-%) alloy containing 10 vol.-% SiC particles, with the aim of tailoring properties to specific applications. Although a decrease in the fluidity of the composites is observed, as expected, in the presence of SiC particles, the fluidity of the composites with dual size particle distributions was in some instances better than that of composites containing the same volume fraction of single size particles. The hardness and wear resistance of the composites with dual size distributions were weakly dependent on the mixing ratio. In terms of complete molten processing and tailored mechanical properties, the optimum mixing ratio of 5 and 50 μm particles appears to be 1:2.     

Effect of submicron size SiC particles on microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ31B magnesium matrix composites

The magnesium matrix composites reinforced with three volume fractions (3, 5 and 10 vol.%) of submicron-SiC particles (∼0.5 μm) were fabricated by semisolid stirring assisted ultrasonic vibration method. With increasing the volume fraction of the submicron SiC particles (SiCp), the grain size of matrix in the SiCp/AZ31B composites was gradually decreased. Most of the submicron SiC particles exhibited homogeneous distribution in the SiCp/AZ31B composites. The ultimate tensile strength and yield strength of the 10 vol.% SiCp/AZ31B composites were simultaneously improved. The study of interface between the submicron SiCp and the matrix in the SiCp/AZ31B composite suggested that submicron SiCp bonded well with the matrix without interfacial activity.     

Preparation and properties of W-SiC/Cu composites by tape casting and hot-pressing sintering

In this study, W-SiC/Cu composites were prepared by tape casting and vacuum hot-pressing sintering. The microstructures and properties of the composites were studied by means of X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, Vickers hardness test, bending strength test and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) test. The results showed that W₂C, WC and WSi₂ formed in the composites. The effects of SiC particle size on the relative densities, Vickers hardness, bending strength and CTE of composites were investigated. Vickers hardness, bending strength and CTE of the composite with SiC particle size of 6?µm reached the optimal values, which were 445.2?HV, 726.1?MPa, 9.24?ppm?K^?1.     

金刚石颗粒弥散WC-Co复合物的烧结及其韧化

采用放电等离子烧结(SPS)方法制备了金刚石颗粒(平均粒径为12μm、25μm 及50μm)以20 ％的体积比弥散WC-10 wt％Co硬质合金的致密复合物,为防止金刚石颗粒的氧化和石墨化,用高温化学反应方法在其表面生成了一层牢固结合的纳米尺寸的碳化硅保护膜。所得烧结体的相对密度均可达到98％。弥散金刚石颗粒基本保持了基体的高硬度,但是使复合物的断裂韧性得到了显著提高,金刚石粒度为50μm时,韧性高达17.8MPa·m1/2。沿金刚石颗粒周围可以清晰地观察到裂纹偏转及停止现象。金刚石粒度的变化对力学性能的影响不很明显。      

Effect of SiC particle size on the physical and mechanical properties of extruded Al matrix nanocomposites

In this work, the effect of SiC particle size and its amount on both physical and mechanical properties of Al matrix composite were investigated. SiC of particle size 70 nm, 10 μm and 40 μm, and Al powder of particle size 60 μm were used. Composites of Al with 5 and 10 wt.% SiC were fabricated by powder metallurgy technique followed by hot extrusion. Phase composition and microstructure were characterized. Relative density, thermal conductivity, hardness and compression strength were studied. The results showed that the X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated that the dominant components were Al and SiC. Densification and thermal conductivity of the composites decreased with increasing the amount of SiC and increased with increasing SiC particle size. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) studies showed that the distribution of the reinforced particle was uniform. Increasing the amount of SiC leads to higher hardness and consequently improves the compressive strength of Al–SiC composite. Moreover, as the SiC particle size decreases, hardness and compressive strength increase. The use of fine SiC particles has a similar effect on both hardness and compressive strength.     

基体和增强体粒度对铁基复合材料性能影响的研究

利用电流直加热动态热压烧结工艺探讨了铁粉粒度和增强体粒度对铁基复合材料性能影响的规律。研究表明,纯铁粉烧结材料的力学性能随铁粉粒度的增大呈明显的下降趋势,而SiCp/Fe复合材料恰恰相反,其性能随铁粉粒度的增大而显著提高,随SiC增强体粒度的增大而先提高后下降,当粒度约为15μm时复合材料各性能相对较好。     

Effects of particle size on deformation behaviour of metal matrix composites

Abstract

By incorporating the dislocation strengthening effect into the Mori–Tanaka method, a new hybrid approach is developed in the present paper for calculating the deformation response of SiCp/Al composites. The diameters of the particles are 1, 5, 20 and 56 μm. Both numerical and experimental results indicate a close relationship between the particle size and the deformation behaviour of the composites at a constant particle volume fraction. The yield strength and plastic work hardening rate of the composites increase with decreasing particle size. The predicted stress–strain behaviour of the composites is in qualitative agreement with the experimental results. By incorporating Weibull statistics for particle fracture, the results simulated are agreed well with the experimental results for particle size >5 μm.     

Effect of particle size on fatigue behaviour in SiC particulate-reinforced aluminium alloy composites

The effect of particle size on rotary bending fatigue behaviour was studied for powder metallurgy 2024 aluminium alloy composites reinforced with 10 wt% silicon carbide particles (SiC_p ). Average particle sizes of 5, 20 and 60 μm were evaluated. Particle size had a significant influence on fatigue strength, indicating an increased fatigue strength with decreasing particle size. The composite with 5 μm SiC particles showed higher fatigue strength than the unreinforced alloy. The incorporation of 20 μm SiC particles led to an increase in fatigue strength at a high stress level, but the improvement diminished with decreasing stress level, and a slightly decreased fatigue strength was observed at low stress level, as compared with the unreinforced alloy. The composite with 60 μm SiC particles exhibited a considerable decrease in fatigue strength. Fatigue cracks initiated at several different microstructural features, e.g. surface defects, inclusions and particle–matrix interfaces, and crack initiation was considerably affected by particle size. Fatigue strength was found to depend strongly on the resistance to crack initiation, because there was no discernible difference in small crack growth between the unreinforced alloy and the composites, particularly at a low maximum stress intensity factor.