炭黑-白炭黑双相纳米填料及其增强SSBR性能

研究了2种自制炭墨－白炭墨双相纳米填料（CSDPF）的结构及其填充[矣醒苯橡胶（SSBR）胶料的性能，并与炭黑为黑／白炭黑共混填充胶料的性能做对比。结果表明，CSDPF属两相结构，其增强SSBR的物理机械性能与炭黑及炭黑／白炭黑共混填充胶料相当，但加工性能好，Payne效应小，压缩生热低，动态性能优异。     

炭黑-白炭黑双相粒子填充天然橡胶的硫化动力学

采用Ghoreisy’s模型和自催化反应模型研究了炭黑-白炭黑双相粒子（CSDPF）的用量及硅烷偶联剂Si 69改性CSDPF对天然橡胶（NR）硫化特性的影响。结果表明,Ghoreisy’s模型能更好地描述CSDPF及改性CSDPF填充NR的硫化过程;随着CSDPF和改性CSDPF用量的增加,NR胶料均出现硫化返原现象,但后者硫化返原现象有所减轻;随着CSDPF和改性CSDPF用量的增加,NR胶料的硫化时间变长,硫化速率下降,硫化反应级数增加;填充硅烷偶联剂Si 69改性CSDPF,胶料的硫化时间变短,硫化速率增加。     

用炭黑-白炭黑双相填充剂提高轮胎滚动阻力和耐磨性与湿路面防滑性能的综合平衡性

本文介绍了两种炭黑一白炭双相填充剂——CSDPF2000和4000，并评估了它们在轮胎胎面胶中的应用。这两种双相填充剂的主要不同之处在于白炭黑表面覆盖率。与CSDPF000系列产品相比，CSDPF4000系列产品的白炭黑表面覆盖率高得多。这主要是由于白炭黑分布于聚集体之间的缘故。CsDPF2000中的白炭黑相均匀分散于聚集体，而CSDPF4000中的白炭黑仅停留在聚集体的表面，形成壳层。在橡胶配方中，这两种双相填充剂都具有较高的聚合物与填充剂的相互作用和较低的填充剂与填充剂的相互作用。较高的聚合物与填充剂的相互作用可提高耐磨性，而较低的填充剂与填充剂相互作用可降低在高温下的滞后损失。通过提高CSDPF4000的白炭黑表面覆盖率，可提高轿车轮胎的温路面防滑性能，而CSDPF2000则可以提高载重轮胎的湿路面防滑性能。因此，通过用不同类型的CSDPF代替普通的填充剂．可以提高不同轮胎胎面胶的滚动阻力、耐磨性和湿路面防滑性能之间的综合平衡性。     

ESBR硫化胶交联结构及动态粘弹性在拉伸疲劳过程中的变化

研究炭黑和白炭黑填充乳聚丁苯橡胶硫化胶拉伸疲劳过程中交联结构和动态粘弹性的变化。结果表明,炭黑填充胶料的拉伸性能在拉伸疲劳次数低于50万次时下降明显,而白炭黑填充胶料在50万～100万次之间下降幅度较大;随着拉伸疲劳次数的增加,两种胶料的交联密度均减小;拉伸疲劳次数达到200万次时,炭黑填充胶料的tanδ峰宽明显增大,而白炭黑填充胶料在拉伸疲劳次数50万次以上tanδ峰就明显增高、增宽;炭黑填充胶料疲劳后高弹态的tanδ变化不大,而白炭黑填充胶料tanδ显著增大;白炭黑填充胶料的Payne效应较炭黑填充胶料大,且拉伸疲劳后Payne效应明显减小。     

多相炭黑G10填充半钢轮胎胎面胶性能研究

研究偶联剂Si69用量对多相炭黑G10填充半钢轮胎胎面胶性能的影响，并与炭黑及炭黑/白炭黑并用填充胎面胶性能进行对比。结果表明：与炭黑填充胶料相比，炭黑/白炭黑并用填充胶料的门尼粘度较大，t90延长，t10缩短；与炭黑/白炭黑并用填充胶料相比，多相炭黑G10填充胶料的门尼粘度明显减小，t90缩短，混炼胶的Payne效应明显减弱，硫化胶的拉伸强度增大，阿克隆磨耗量和DIN磨耗量减小，压缩生热明显降低，混炼胶中炭黑分散性明显改善；随着多相炭黑G10填充胶料中偶联剂Si69用量的增大，胶料硫化特性和物理性能变化不大，损耗因子减小，其中偶联剂Si69用量为白炭黑用量8%的胶料生热较低，多相炭黑G10分散效果较好。     

应用于乘用车胎胎面胶的炭黑-白炭黑双相填充剂

新一代补强材料——炭黑-白炭黑双相填充剂CSDPF4210因具有炭黑微区高表面活性和高白炭黑表面覆盖率的特点，可在滚动阻力、湿路面牵引性和耐磨耗性之间达到总体令人满意的均衡性能，成为极佳的备选填充剂。     

TESPT对白炭黑填充SBR复合材料物理机械性能和介电性能的影响

在炭黑为主要补强材料的轮胎胎面胶行业中,人们对用白炭黑作为补强填料产生了极大的兴趣。这是因为与炭黑填充胶料相比,白炭黑填充胶料的湿路面牵引性能及雪路面牵引性能较好,而且滚动阻力较小。白炭黑在轮胎胎面胶料中的用量逐年增大,可能成为轮胎的主要填充剂。但是,白炭黑填充胶料仍存在一些问题,如未硫化胶料粘度增大,硫化速度慢等。     

用双相填充剂改善轮胎流动阻力、耐磨性和湿路面防滑性能之间的综合平衡性

介绍了二系列白炭黑分布，白炭黑表面覆盖率和硅含量不同的炭黑-白炭黑双相填充剂CSDPF2000和CSDPF4000，并评估了其分别应用于轿车轮胎胎面胶和载重汽车轮胎胎面胶中对轮胎动态性能（滚动阻力），耐磨性和湿路面防滑性能的影响。实验证明，通过用不同类型的CSDPF代替普通的填充剂，可以改善不同轮胎胎面胶的滚动阻力，耐磨性和湿路面防滑性能之间的综合平衡性。     

炭黑与白炭黑补强溴化丁基橡胶性能对比

采用RPA2000橡胶加工分析仪对炭黑N660和白炭黑1165分别填充的溴化丁基橡胶(BIIR)混炼胶进行了不同温度下的应变扫描分析。结果表明,2种BIIR胶料的门尼粘度值均随填料用量的增大而增大;在相同用量条件下,白炭黑胶料的门尼粘度值高于炭黑胶料;炭黑胶料的应变与温度依赖性均比白炭黑胶料的强,白炭黑在胶料中的分散好于炭黑,且与BIIR橡胶的相互作用较强;相同硫化体系下,白炭黑胶料的焦烧时间(t10)略长,正硫化时间(t90)明显长于炭黑胶料,最低扭矩和最高扭矩均显著高于炭黑胶料,但硫化胶总体力学性能不如炭黑N660填充的硫化胶。     

可降低商用汽车燃油消耗的高级轮胎填充材料

本研究论述了两种通过选择适当的填充剂材料来降低载重汽车燃油消耗的可行方法。第一种方法是采用炭黑-白炭黑双相填充剂。与普通炭黑相比,炭黑-白炭黑双相填充剂能明显降低滞后作用,进而大幅降低滚动阻力。与在胶料中采用白炭黑相比较,采用适当的双相填充剂不会明显降低耐磨耗性能。另一种方法是采用宽ASD炭黑,采用宽ASD炭黑无需在胶料中添加白炭黑就可以较小幅度地降低滞后作用。     

钴系BR在轮胎胎侧胶中的应用

对比研究炭黑和炭黑/白炭黑填充钴系BR0150/NR与炭黑填充镍系BR9000/NR在轮胎胎侧胶中的应用。结果表明:与炭黑填充BR9000/NR胶料相比,炭黑填充BR0150胶料的门尼粘度较小,流动性较好,正硫化时间和焦烧时间相近,硫化胶的各项性能相差不大;炭黑/白炭黑填充BR0150/NR胶料门尼粘度较大,正硫化时间延长,硫化胶的物理性能和老化性能相差不大,但撕裂强度大幅增大,抗切割性能和耐屈挠割口增长性能改善。     

活性硅铝炭黑的性能及应用

将硅铝炭黑（ＳＡＣ）进行活化改性制成活性硅铝炭黑（ＡＳＡＣ）,并对ＳＡＣ和ＡＳＡＣ填充ＮＲ和ＳＢＲ胶料的硫化特性、物理性能及流变性能进行研究。结果表明,ＡＳＡＣ能明显改善ＳＡＣ的延迟硫化效应,提高填充胶料的力学性能;ＡＳＡＣ在ＮＲ中的填充补强效果接近半补强炭黑,在ＳＢＲ中的填充补强效果略优于优质陶土;ＡＳＡＣ填充ＮＲ胶料的流动性好,挤出胀大效应与填充半补强炭黑胶料相近     

炭黑与白炭黑补强溶聚丁苯橡胶和乳聚丁苯橡胶胎面胶性能的对比研究

对比研究采用相同体积分数的炭黑和白炭黑分别补强溶聚丁苯橡胶(SSBR)和乳聚丁苯橡胶(ESBR)胎面胶的性能。试验结果表明:与炭黑填充丁苯橡胶(SBR)胶料相比,经偶联剂Si69(用量为白炭黑用量的8%)热处理的白炭黑填充SBR胶料的分散性改善,硫化胶的300%定伸应力增大,拉断伸长率减小,抗湿滑性能提高,滚动阻力和动态生热降低,耐磨性能和抗切割性能较差。     

Effect of filler–filler interaction on rheological behaviour of natural rubber compounds filled with both carbon black and silica

Rubber compounds are reinforced with fillers such as carbon black and silica. In general, filled rubber compounds show smooth rheological behaviour in measurement of Mooney viscosity or Mooney scorch time. Variation in rheological behaviour was studied in terms of the filler composition using natural rubber compounds filled with both carbon black and silica (carbon black/silica = 60/20,40/40, and 20/60 phr). The compound filled with carbon black/silica of 60/20 phr showed normal rheological behaviour. However, the compounds filled with carbon black/silica of 40/40 and 20/60 phr showed abnormal rheological behaviour, in which the viscosity increased suddenly and then decreased at a certain point during the measurement. The abnormal behaviour was explained by the strong filler–filler interaction of silica. Moreover, the abnormal rheological behaviour was displayed more clearly as the storage time of compounds is increased. © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry     

The mechanism of carbon–silica dual phase filler modified by ionic liquid and its reinforcing on natural rubber

The carbon–silica dual phase filler (CSDPF) was modified by ionic liquids (ILs): 1‐allyl‐3‐methyl‐imidazolium chloride (AMI) and 1‐butlyl‐3‐methyl‐imidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BMI). The modified CSDPF was then incorporated into natural rubber (NR) through mechanical mixing. The interactions between CSDPF and ILs were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Raman spectroscopy. The bound rubber of NR compounds, the mechanical properties, and dynamic properties of NR vulcanizates filled with ILs modified CSDPF (ILs‐CSDPF/NR) were measured. The results showed that the AMI interacted with CSDPF through both hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces, while the interaction between BMI and CSDPF was merely weak van der Waals force. The modification of CSDPF by ILs could improve the tensile strength, tear resistance, and fatigue life of NR vulcanizates. The AMI‐CSDPF/NR gave the superior mechanical and dynamic properties among the NR vulcanizates with the highest bound rubber content and the most homogeneous filler dispersion, which was displayed in scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. POLYM. COMPOS., 36:1721–1730, 2015. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Influence of bound polymer on cure characteristics of natural rubber compounds reinforced with different types of carbon blacks

Rubber compounds are reinforced with fillers such as carbon black and silica. The cure characteristics of a filled rubber compound vary with the filler type and content. The influence of the type of carbon black on the cure characteristics of carbon black filled natural rubber compounds is investigated using two types of carbon black (N220 and N550), which are different in primary size and structure. The cure time and cure rate become faster as the carbon black content increases. The crosslink density also increases and reversion resistance is improved with the increase of carbon black content. The cure time and cure rate of the compound filled with N550 are faster than those of the compound filled with N220 at the same level of bound rubber content. In addition, higher crosslink density is also observed in the compound filled with N550 compared to that of the compound filled with N220 at the same level of bound rubber content. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 2282–2289, 2005     

白炭黑在工程机械轮胎胎冠胶中的应用

研究白炭黑和偶联剂Si69在工程机械轮胎胎冠胶中的应用。结果表明：与传统炭黑胎冠胶相比,用白炭黑部分替代炭黑并添加偶联剂Si69的胎冠胶加工性能、物理性能、耐磨性能、抗割口增长性能和耐老化性能提高,压缩生热降低;成品轮胎胎冠胶性能改善。     

Effect of fillers on the rheological behavior of thermoplastic 1,2 polybutadiene rubber

The influence of fillers like clay, silica, and carbon black on the rheological properties of 1,2 polybutadiene has been studied using a capillary rheometer. Silica filled compound exhibited the highest viscosity and clay filled compound the lowest viscosity at all shear rates. The effect of filler loading and temperature on the Theological behavior has also been studied. Smooth extrudates were obtained in most of the cases and die swell was lower for silica and carbon black filled compounds than for clay filled compounds. Rheograms of different 1,2 polybutadiene systems have been found to merge into a master curve using modified viscosity and shear rate functions that contain melt flow index as a parameter.