国外锰矿石生产及电解锰供需近况

锰矿石苏联长期以来,一直是最大的锰矿石生产国,年产量在1000万吨以上。直到5～6年前,苏联还是锰矿石的输出国,但由于生产速度增长降低和价格低的原因,从那时起,形势开始逆转,现在几乎100％的产量受中央计划经济的控制。苏联的锰矿石,大约70％产于乌克兰的尼科波尔矿区,25％产于格鲁言亚的恰图拉矿区。     

管式炉加热红外吸收法测定锰矿中低含量硫

采用高温管式炉加热红外吸收法,建立了锰矿中低硫含量检测的方法,重点探讨了仪器参数中的末线时间、 比较器水平及分析稳定比较器等参数的选取对结果的影响, 得到了测硫的最佳试验条件。结果表明,该方法用于锰矿石中硫的检测,线性范围为0.002 %~0.032 %,方法检出限为0.001 %,相对标准偏差小于5 %。     

焦炭全自动质检系统的开发与应用

针对焦炭质量检测时人工取样、制样、试验的传统质检模式存在的样品代表性不强、检测数据准确性低、效率低下等问题,安钢开发研制了焦炭全自动在线质检系统。该系统通过工业计算机软件设置各种实验参数和实时采集处理测量结果。通过可编程逻辑控制器PLC统一控制在线取样、分样、缩分、制样、转鼓试验及返料等一系列机械设备动作,实现焦炭全自动在线质量检验功能。经过大量试验验证,该系统测量结果完全满足相关质检标准,同时试验频次、工作效率和劳动强度均得到大幅改善。     

一、锰矿石现有分类方法及工艺特性分类法的提出

锰矿石从不同的目的出发,有各种不同的分类方法,计有: (一)按基本物质成分分类法按基本物质成分,可分为氧化锰矿石、碳酸锰矿石、硅酸锰矿石、硼酸锰矿石、硫化锰矿石等。这种分类方法主要用于明确基本加工方法,例如碳酸锰矿石,一般须先经焙烧排除碳酸气,而氧化锰矿石则无需;硅酸锰矿石须在加工方法中注意硅的脱除及利用等。     

1992年我国锰业概况

我国1992年共生产锰矿石450万 t,由于铁合金生产一直疲软影响锰矿石的销售,加上从云南边境进口的50万 t 优质锰矿石,对国内冲击较大。因此,国内一般含锰28—35%的锰矿石,由于运输距离远,销售不畅,预计1993年铁合金生产情况不会好转,锰矿石销售形势仍无很大起色,铁     

锰的国内外生产及市场动态

钢铁工业消耗锰产量的90%以上,每生产一吨钢的锰消耗量为6.6～6.1公斤。下表列出我国1976～1985年间的实际锰矿石产量,同时也列出1990年和2000年根据钢铁发展规划所需求的锰矿石量,作为对比,表中还列出世界几个主要产锰国(不包括中国)的锰矿石和精矿的总产量及国际市场锰矿石的年平均价格。     

全自动超声波检测技术在碳钢管线焊缝检测中的应用

全自动超声波检测技术(AUT)以其高效、精确、环保等优势,成为碳钢管线焊缝的首选检测方法。然而由于AUT扫查装置几何条件限制,难以应用于管径114.3mm(4寸)及以下规格管线的检测。然而,由于地下资源开发逐渐向更深区域进行,4寸海管的应用也越来越广泛。对此,为验证AUT检测技术是否可以在碳钢管线中应用,本文加工了5条管径114.3mm(4寸),壁厚6.4mm的薄壁焊缝,每条焊缝加工5个人工缺陷,累计25个人工缺陷,缺陷位置涵盖焊缝的根部、填充和盖面区域。应用AUT检测技术分别进行检测、数据分析、宏观切片。最终通过对比分析AUT检测数据和宏观切片数据,以评定在管径114.3mm的(4寸)工件中,AUT检测技术的缺陷检测能力及高度定量精度。     

锰矿石在非冶金工业领域的应用

阐述了锰矿石资源开发利用现状,总结了非冶金用锰矿石的特点,特别关注了锰矿石在非冶金领域的增长需求,介绍和分析了电解金属锰、二氧化锰、四氧化三锰、锰系正极材料、锰锌铁氧体软磁材料、硫酸锰和高锰酸钾等产品的生产和应用情况,指出了锰矿石开发利用和锰产业及锰系列产品的发展趋势。     

巴西5月出口锰矿石及精矿243233吨环比增长73．82％

5月,巴西出口锰矿石及精矿243233吨,比4月份增长73．82％。其中：中高品位的锰矿石及精矿（≥39％Mn）出口量为682吨,比4月份增长92．66％：其他低品位锰矿石及精矿的出口量为242,551吨,比4月份增长73．77％。今年5月,巴西向中国出口中高品位的锰矿石及精矿675吨,     

花垣锰矿北段碳酸锰矿石工艺特性及可选性研究

本文详细介绍了花垣锰矿北段碳酸锰矿石的物理化学性质,矿物组成,结构构造和锰、磷赋存状态及可选性。提出了北段碳酸锰矿石工艺特性和可能达到的理想选矿指标,认为采用强磁选和黑锰矿法联合流程选矿方案才能达到富锰降磷的目的。     

Voices of fear and anxiety and sadness and depression: The effects of speech rate and loudness on fear and anxiety and sadness and depression.

Two studies investigated the role of expressive vocal behavior (specifically, speech rate and loudness) in fear and anxiety and in sadness and depression. In the 1st study, participants spoke about personally experienced fear and anxiety-arousing and neutral events using 3 different voice styles: fast and loud, normal, and slow and soft. In the 2nd study, participants spoke about personally experienced sad or depressing and neutral events using the same 3 voice styles. In both studies, the participants' highest levels of subjective affective and cardiovascular (CV) arousal occurred when they spoke about the emotional events in a mood-congruent voice style: fast and loud in the case of fear and anxiety, and slow and soft in the case of sadness or depression. Mood-incongruent voice styles canceled the heightened levels of CV arousal normally associated with these negative emotions. The voice-style manipulation had no significant effect on the participants' levels of CV arousal during the neutral discussions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Synthesis and analysis of mixed chlorinated-fluorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans and assessment of formation and occurrence of the fluorinated and chlorinated-fluorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans

Despite the use of multimodal therapy, higher-grade glioma is still uniformly fatal in the adult population. There is a considerable difference between the length of survival in each given patient, even within the same tumor type and malignancy grade group, suggesting that there are factors that might differentially influence outcome. To identify such factors, 107 patients with anaplastic or malignant glioma were retrospectively investigated. Clinical parameters and paraclinical data on the p53, mdm2, and EGFR genes at the DNA or protein level were evaluated by univariate analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression modeling. Kaplan-Meier survival estimation demonstrated that immunohistochemical positivity for mdm2 protein in patients with anaplastic astrocytoma or with glioblastoma multiforme was associated with a shorter survival time (p = 0.02). P53 gene mutations and immunopositivity for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) protein were not significantly related to poor prognosis. The Cox proportional hazards model revealed immunohistochemical positivity for p53, mdm2, or for both of them, the presence of postoperative irradiation, and the extent of surgical resection of tumor to be variables significantly associated with prolonged survival. EGFR overexpression, age over 60 years, and Karnofsky performance score below 40 points did not significantly shorten survival time. In conclusion, the present study identified immunohistochemically detected mdm2-protein overexpression as a statistically significant negative prognostic parameter in patients bearing anaplastic or malignant glioma. Association analysis of variables revealed a possible correlation between mdm2 and p53, which is also consistent with the biological interaction mode of both proteins in vivo.     

Sexuality and aging--usual and successful

BACKGROUND: As aging research increasingly reflects an effort to dissociate true time-driven changes from those that can be improved, sexuality in later life remains largely unexplored. Several problems are evident. There is a lack of normative data, a lack of a conceptual framework relating to the biology, psychology, and sociology of sex, and an attitudinal resistance that obscures the entire topic. METHODS: We conducted a three-part instructional series on major topics involved with sexuality and aging. We surveyed our group of attendees (n 158, average age 68 for males, 65 for females) before and after the series. RESULTS: A remarkably robust sex life was evidenced by both the men and the women, even until advanced old age. Yet, a substantially decreased involvement was reported from 10 years earlier. Despite current activities, people of both sexes wished they were participating even more than they currently were. Impotency was identified as the major negative feature for the men; relationship problems were for the women. A questionnaire 6 months after the series reported improved sexual attitudes, but no change in sexual activities from the earlier survey. CONCLUSION: Sexuality is a major quality-of-life issue which persists into old age. Our study showed that the usual sexual practices reported by our group were not considered by them to be ideal. The intervention of this instructional series provided improved sexual attitudes but not performance. Additional studies are encouraged.     

Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis and sports

Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis occur predominantly in the lower lumbar spine. Besides congenital defects such as predisposition of spondylolysis the correlation between competitive sports activities and an increased incidence of spondylolysis is proved. In early stages, complete healing can be achieved by conservative treatment (abstinence from sports activities for 3 months, orthesis). Persistence of pain, neurologic symptoms and progression of vertebral slipping are indications for operative treatment (reconstruction of the isthmus, dorso-ventral spondylodesis). The exercise tolerance depends on the extent of instability, progression of vertebral slipping and clinical symptoms. The limits of exercise tolerance vary among the individual athletes and require the decision of the physician. Backstroke swimming, abdominal and back muscle strengthening exercises, and types of sport involving smooth movements are advisable. Sports education in school is possible without restriction in patients with stable spondylolysis and in those with spondylolisthesis without unfavourable concomitant factors.     

Larks and owls and health, wealth, and wisdom

OBJECTIVE: To test the validity of Benjamin Franklin's maxim "early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise." DESIGN: Cross sectional analysis of sleeping patterns in a nationally representative group of elderly people, and longitudinal investigation of mortality. SETTING: Eight areas in Britain (five in England, two in Scotland, and one in Wales). SUBJECTS: 1229 men and women aged 65 and over who in 1973-4 had taken part in a survey funded by the Department of Health and Social Security and for whom data on sleeping patterns, health, socioeconomic circumstances, and cognitive function had been recorded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Self reported income, access to a car, standard of accommodation, performance on a test of cognitive function, state of health and mortality during 23 years of follow up. RESULTS: 356 people (29%) were defined as larks (to bed before 11 pm and up before 8 am) and 318 (26%) were defined as owls (to bed at or after 11 pm and up at or after 8 am). There was no indication that larks were richer than those with other sleeping patterns. On the contrary, owls had the largest mean income and were more likely to have access to a car. There was also no evidence that larks were superior to those with other sleeping patterns with regard to their cognitive performance or their state of health. Both larks and owls had a slightly reduced risk of death compared with the rest of the study sample, but this was accounted for by the fact that they spent less time in bed at night. In the study sample as a whole, longer periods of time in bed were associated with increased mortality. After adjustment for age, sex, the presence of illness, and other risk factors, people who spent 12 or more hours in bed had a relative risk of death of 1.7 (1.2 to 2.5) compared with those who were in bed for 9 hours. The lowest risk occurred in people who spent 8 hours in bed (adjusted relative risk 0.8; 0.7 to 1.0). CONCLUSION: These findings do not support Franklin's claim. A "late to bed and late to rise" lifestyle does not seem to lead to socioeconomic, cognitive, or health disadvantage, but a longer time spent in bed may be associated with increased mortality.     

深云立交桥梁检测及加固改造

根据深云立交桥梁的检测结果，对该桥目前的整体状况、工作状态，及其使用情况做出综合评价，对桥的病害原因进行了分析，并提出合理的加固方案。     

关于摩尔浓度及其与硬度转换关系问题的讨论

众所周知，国际单位制物质的量采用摩尔(mol)表示，近几年出版的给排水专业书籍，为了与国际单位制接轨，逐渐将摩尔的使用频率不断提高，被给排水技术人员广泛应用的新版给排水设计手册，将表示物质浓度的单位“当量／升”或“毫克当量／升”．改为mol／l或mmol／l，虽然编者对其基本单元定义作了说明，但在实际运用上仍会出现误解，     

《儿子与情人》的语码转换与男女二元对立

劳伦斯小说《儿子与情人》一个鲜明的语言特色就是标准英语和当地方言频繁的语码转换。莫瑞尔用方言来对抗妻子,而妻子坚持用标准英语,偶尔也用方言来讽刺、挖苦丈夫。语码转换反映了劳伦斯男女二元对立的哲学思想。     

抗腐蚀高强耐磨涂料研发与应用

介绍了抗腐蚀高强度耐磨涂料的研制和开发，以及用作柳钢球团回转烘干机刮板保护涂层的应用效果。